Johannes 10
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Verily, verily, etc. - From Joh 10:6, we learn that this is a parable, i.e. a representation of heavenly things through the medium of earthly things. Some think our Lord delivered this discourse immediately after that mentioned in the preceding chapter; others think it was spoken not less than three months after. The former, says Bishop Pearce, was spoken at the feast of tabernacles, see chap. 7, or about the end of September, and this at the feast of dedication, or in December. See Joh 10:22. Christ, says Calmet, having declared himself to be the light of the world, which should blind some while it illuminated others, Joh 9:41, continues his discourse, and, under the similitude of a shepherd and his flock, shows that he was about to form his Church of Jews and Gentiles, and that into it he would admit none but those who heard his voice. The unbelieving and presumptuous Jews, who despised his doctrine, are the sheep which hear not the voice of the shepherd: the proud and self-sufficient Pharisees are those who imagine they see clearly while they are blind. The blind who become illuminated are the Gentiles and Jews who turn from their sins and believe in Jesus. The light of the world, the good shepherd, and the door which leads into the sheepfold, are all to be understood as meaning Jesus Christ; the hireling shepherds, the willfully blind; the murderers and robbers are the false Christs, false prophets, scribes, Pharisees, wicked hireling priests, and ungodly ministers of all sorts, whether among primitive Jews or modern Christians. Our Lord introduces this discourse in a most solemn manner, Verily, verily! - Amen, amen! - it is true, it is true! - a Hebraism for, This is a most important and interesting truth; a truth of the utmost concern to mankind. At all times our…
Quelle öffnen ↗THE GOOD SHEPHERD. (John 10:1-21) He that entereth not by the door--the legitimate way (without saying what that was, as yet). into the sheepfold--the sacred enclosure of God's true people. climbeth up some other way--not referring to the assumption of ecclesiastical office without an external call, for those Jewish rulers, specially aimed at, had this (Mat 23:2), but to the want of a true spiritual commission, the seal of heaven going along with the outward authority; it is the assumption of the spiritual guidance of the people without this that is meant.
Quelle öffnen ↗Verily, verily, I say unto you,.... To the Scribes and Pharisees, who had taken it ill that they should be thought to be blind; and who had cast out the man that Christ had cured of blindness, for speaking in favour of him; and who had traduced Christ as an impostor, and a deceiver, and set up themselves to be the shepherds of the flock, and the guides and rulers of the people; all which occasion the following parable; the design of which is to show, that Christ is the true and only shepherd, who was appointed, called, and sent of God, whose the sheep are, whose voice they hear, and know, and whom they follow; and that they, the Scribes and Pharisees, were thieves and robbers, and not shepherds of the flock; who were not sent of God, nor did they come in at the right door, but in another way, and usurped a domination, which did not belong to them. He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold: the sheepfold, with the Jews, was called and this, as their writers say (o), was an enclosure sometimes in the manner of a building, and made of stone, and sometimes was fenced with reeds, and in it was a large door, at which the shepherd went in and out, when he led in, or brought out the sheep. At tithing, which was done in the sheepfold, they made a little door, so that two lambs could not come out together; and to this enclosure is the allusion here; and by the "sheepfold" is meant the church of God; see Joh 10:16; and a good fold it is, Eze 34:14. The church may be compared to a sheepfold, because it is separated from the world: it is where the people of God, and sheep of Christ are gathered together; where there is a strict union between them; have society with each other; keep one another warm and comfortable; and where they are fed and nourished, and are preserved; a…
Quelle öffnen ↗It is not certain whether this discourse was at the feast of dedication in the winter (spoken of Joh 10:22), which may be taken as the date, not only of what follows, but of what goes before (that which countenances this is, that Christ, in his discourse there, carries on the metaphor of the sheep, Joh 10:26, Joh 10:27, whence it seems that that discourse and this were at the same time); or whether this was a continuation of his parley with the Pharisees, in the close of the foregoing chapter. The Pharisees supported themselves in their opposition to Christ with this principle, that they were the pastors of the church, and that Jesus, having no commission from them, was an intruder and an impostor, and therefore the people were bound in duty to stick to then, against him. In opposition to this, Christ here describes who were the false shepherds, and who the true, leaving them to infer what they were. I. Here is the parable or similitude proposed (Joh 10:1-5); it is borrowed from the custom of that country, in the management of their sheep. Similitudes, used for the illustration of divine truths, should be taken from those things that are most familiar and common, that the things of God be not clouded by that which should clear them. The preface to this discourse is solemn: Verily, verily, I say unto you, - Amen, amen. This vehement asseveration intimates the certainty and weight of what he said; we find amen doubled in the church's praises and prayers, Psa 41:13; Psa 72:19; Psa 89:52. If we would have our amens accepted in heaven, let Christ's amens be prevailing on earth; his repeated amens. 1. In the parable we have, (1.) The evidence of a thief and robber, that comes to do mischief to the flock, and damage to the owner, Joh 10:1. He enters not by the door, as having…
Quelle öffnen ↗10:1-42 Chapter 10 continues the series of festival sermons (see study note on 5:1–10:42). Here, the setting is Hanukkah (the Festival of Dedication), the timing of which is crucial to understanding the story (see study note on 10:22). 10:1-21 This illustration of a shepherd and his sheep assumes a Middle Eastern understanding of shepherding and draws on Old Testament tradition deeply embedded in first-century Jewish culture. God was the shepherd of Israel (Gen 49:24; Pss 23; 78:52-53; Isa 40:10-11). Spiritual and political leaders of Israel were also shepherds of God’s people, the flock of God (Isa 56:9-12; Jer 23:1-4; Ezek 34). Jesus’ sermon builds on the occasion of Hanukkah (see John 10:22) to address the theme of shepherds, using this festival as an opportunity to reflect on Israel’s leaders (“shepherds”) in light of Ezek 34. Jesus presents himself as the good shepherd (John 10:11-14). 10:1 A wilderness shepherd would build a sheepfold, a pen with low stone walls topped by thorny branches, to hold his sheep at night and protect them from danger. • The pen had one gate (or opening in the wall) that was closed with branches. Any invasion of the pen was a threat to the flock. • A bad shepherd was like a thief and a robber. He exploited the sheep for his own interests and did not care for or nurture them. Bad shepherds took the sheep’s milk and wool for themselves and butchered the sheep without providing for the animal’s safety (Ezek 34:3; see Isa 56:11; Jer 23:1-4). This was Jesus’ most stinging indictment of the Jewish leaders.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
ἀμήν (amḗn, G281) — properly, firm, i.e. (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as… λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… ὑμῖν (hymîn, G5213) — to (with or by) you εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) μή (mḗ, G3361) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer… διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) θύρα (thýra, G2374) — a portal or entrance (the opening or the closure, literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or… αὐλή (aulḗ, G833) — a yard (as open to the wind); by implication, a mansion ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) ἀναβαίνω (anabaínō, G305) — to go up (literally or figuratively) ἀλλαχόθεν (allachóthen, G237) — from elsewhere ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, G1565) — that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) θύρα (thýra, G2374) — a portal or entrance (the opening or the closure, literally or figuratively) ἐστί (estí, G2076) — he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are ποιμήν (poimḗn, G4166) — a shepherd (literally or figuratively) πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or…
Quelle öffnen ↗τούτῳ (toútōi, G5129) — to (in, with or by) this (person or thing) θυρωρός (thyrōrós, G2377) — a gate- warden ἀνοίγω (anoígō, G455) — to open up (literally or figuratively, in various applications) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or… ἀκούω (akoúō, G191) — to hear (in various senses) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… φωνή (phōnḗ, G5456) — a tone (articulate, bestial or artificial); by implication, an address (for any purpose),… καλέω (kaléō, G2564) — to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise) ἴδιος (ídios, G2398) — pertaining to self, i.e. one's own; by implication, private or separate κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… ὄνομα (ónoma, G3686) — a "name" (literally or figuratively) (authority, character) ἐξάγω (exágō, G1806) — to lead forth
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ὅταν (hótan, G3752) — whenever (implying hypothesis or more or less uncertainty); also causatively… ἐκβάλλω (ekbállō, G1544) — to eject (literally or figuratively) ἴδιος (ídios, G2398) — pertaining to self, i.e. one's own; by implication, private or separate πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or… πορεύομαι (poreúomai, G4198) — to traverse, i.e. travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove (figuratively,… ἔμπροσθεν (émprosthen, G1715) — in front of (in place (literally or figuratively) or time) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἀκολουθέω (akolouthéō, G190) — properly, to be in the same way with, i.e. to accompany (specially, as a disciple) ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because εἴδω (eídō, G1492) — used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700… φωνή (phōnḗ, G5456) — a tone (articulate, bestial or artificial); by implication, an address (for any purpose),…
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἀλλότριος (allótrios, G245) — another's, i.e. not one's own; by extension foreign, not akin, hostile ἀκολουθέω (akolouthéō, G190) — properly, to be in the same way with, i.e. to accompany (specially, as a disciple) οὐ μή (ou mḗ, G3364) — a double negative strengthening the denial; not at all ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) φεύγω (pheúgō, G5343) — to run away (literally or figuratively); by implication, to shun; by analogy, to vanish ἀπό (apó, G575) — "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation;… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because εἴδω (eídō, G1492) — used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not φωνή (phōnḗ, G5456) — a tone (articulate, bestial or artificial); by implication, an address (for any purpose),…
Quelle öffnen ↗ταύτῃ (taútēi, G5026) — (towards or of) this παροιμία (paroimía, G3942) — apparently a state alongside of supposition, i.e. (concretely) an adage; specially, an… ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, G2424) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, G1565) — that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed γινώσκω (ginṓskō, G1097) — to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not τίς (tís, G5101) — an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions) ἦν (ēn, G2258) — I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were) ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that λαλέω (laléō, G2980) — to talk, i.e. utter words
Quelle öffnen ↗οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, G2424) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… πάλιν (pálin, G3825) — (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally)… ἀμήν (amḗn, G281) — properly, firm, i.e. (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as… λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… ὑμῖν (hymîn, G5213) — to (with or by) you ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because ἐγώ (egṓ, G1473) εἰμί (eimí, G1510) — I exist (used only when emphatic) θύρα (thýra, G2374) — a portal or entrance (the opening or the closure, literally or figuratively) πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or…
Quelle öffnen ↗πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole ὅσος (hósos, G3745) — as (much, great, long, etc.) as ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) πρό (pró, G4253) — "fore", i.e. in front of, prior (figuratively, superior) to ἐμοῦ (emoû, G1700) — of me εἰσί (eisí, G1526) — they are κλέπτης (kléptēs, G2812) — a stealer (literally or figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… λῃστής (lēistḗs, G3027) — a brigand ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or… ἀκούω (akoúō, G191) — to hear (in various senses) οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the…
Quelle öffnen ↗ἐγώ (egṓ, G1473) εἰμί (eimí, G1510) — I exist (used only when emphatic) θύρα (thýra, G2374) — a portal or entrance (the opening or the closure, literally or figuratively) διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) ἐμοῦ (emoû, G1700) — of me ἐάν (eán, G1437) — a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other… τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) σώζω (sṓzō, G4982) — to save, i.e. deliver or protect (literally or figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐξέρχομαι (exérchomai, G1831) — to issue (literally or figuratively) εὑρίσκω (heurískō, G2147) — to find (literally or figuratively) νομή (nomḗ, G3542) — pasture, i.e. (the act) feeding (figuratively, spreading of a gangrene), or (the food)…
Quelle öffnen ↗κλέπτης (kléptēs, G2812) — a stealer (literally or figuratively) ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not εἰ μή (ei mḗ, G1508) — if not ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) κλέπτω (kléptō, G2813) — to filch καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… θύω (thýō, G2380) — properly, to rush (breathe hard, blow, smoke), i.e. (by implication) to sacrifice… ἀπόλλυμι (apóllymi, G622) — to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively ἐγώ (egṓ, G1473) ἔχω (échō, G2192) — to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote;… ζωή (zōḗ, G2222) — life (literally or figuratively) περισσός (perissós, G4053) — superabundant (in quantity) or superior (in quality); by implication, excessive;…
Quelle öffnen ↗ἐγώ (egṓ, G1473) εἰμί (eimí, G1510) — I exist (used only when emphatic) καλός (kalós, G2570) ποιμήν (poimḗn, G4166) — a shepherd (literally or figuratively) τίθημι (títhēmi, G5087) — to place (in the widest application, literally and figuratively; properly, in a passive… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ψυχή (psychḗ, G5590) — breath, i.e. (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient… ὑπέρ (hypér, G5228) — "over", i.e. (with the genitive case) of place, above, beyond, across, or causal, for the… πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or…
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ὤν (ṓn, G5607) — being μισθωτός (misthōtós, G3411) — a wage-worker (good or bad) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not ποιμήν (poimḗn, G4166) — a shepherd (literally or figuratively) ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that ἴδιος (ídios, G2398) — pertaining to self, i.e. one's own; by implication, private or separate πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or… εἰσί (eisí, G1526) — they are θεωρέω (theōréō, G2334) — to be a spectator of, i.e. discern, (literally, figuratively (experience) or intensively… λύκος (lýkos, G3074) — a wolf ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) ἀφίημι (aphíēmi, G863) — an intensive form of , to go); to send forth, in various applications (as follow)
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. μισθωτός (misthōtós, G3411) — a wage-worker (good or bad) φεύγω (pheúgō, G5343) — to run away (literally or figuratively); by implication, to shun; by analogy, to vanish ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because ἐστί (estí, G2076) — he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… μέλω (mélō, G3199) — to be of interest to, i.e. to concern (only third person singular present indicative used… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not περί (perí, G4012) — properly, through (all over), i.e. around; figuratively with respect to; used in various… πρόβατον (próbaton, G4263) — something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e. (specially), a sheep (literally or…
Quelle öffnen ↗ἐγώ (egṓ, G1473) εἰμί (eimí, G1510) — I exist (used only when emphatic) καλός (kalós, G2570) ποιμήν (poimḗn, G4166) — a shepherd (literally or figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… γινώσκω (ginṓskō, G1097) — to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as… ἐμός (emós, G1699) — my ὑπό (hypó, G5259) — under, i.e. (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or…
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Hütet euch aber vor den falschen Propheten, welche in Schafskleidern zu euch kommen, inwendig aber reißende Wölfe sind.
Geliebte, glaubet nicht jedem Geist, sondern prüfet die Geister, ob sie von Gott sind! Denn es sind viele falsche Propheten hinausgegangen in die Welt.
Denn solche dienen nicht dem Herrn Jesus Christus, sondern ihrem eigenen Bauch, und durch gleisnerische Reden und schöne Worte verführen sie die Herzen der Arglosen.
Und keiner nimmt sich selbst die Würde, sondern er wird von Gott berufen, gleichwie Aaron.
Es gab aber auch falsche Propheten unter dem Volk, wie auch unter euch falsche Lehrer sein werden, welche verderbliche Sekten nebeneinführen und durch Verleugnung des Herrn, der sie erkauft hat, ein schnelles Verderben über sich selbst bringen werden.
Und aus Habsucht werden sie euch mit betrügerischen Worten ausbeuten; aber das Urteil über sie ist von alters her nicht müßig, und ihr Verderben schlummert nicht.
siehe, ich will an die Propheten, spricht der HERR, welche erlogene Träume erzählen und durch ihre Lügen und Prahlereien mein Volk irreführen, da ich sie doch nicht gesandt und ihnen nichts befohlen habe und sie auch diesem Volk gar nichts nützen können, spricht der HERR.
Nach dieser Seligkeit suchten und forschten die Propheten, die von der euch widerfahrenen Gnade geweissagt haben.
Wie sollen sie aber predigen, wenn sie nicht ausgesandt werden? Wie geschrieben steht: »Wie lieblich sind die Füße derer, die das Evangelium des Friedens, die das Evangelium des Guten verkündigen!«
Jesus antwortete und sprach zu ihm: Wahrlich, wahrlich, ich sage dir, wenn jemand nicht von neuem geboren wird, so kann er das Reich Gottes nicht sehen!