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Jew. What shall we then say that Abraham, our father as pertaining to the flesh, hath found? - The κατα σαρκα, pertaining to the flesh, must here refer to the sign in Abraham's flesh, viz. his circumcision; on which the Jew would found his right to peculiar blessings. That this is the meaning of κατα σαρκα, according to the flesh, Dr. Taylor has proved by a collation of several parallel scriptures, which it is not necessary to produce here. We may, therefore, suppose the Jew arguing thus: But you set your argument on a wrong footing, viz. the corrupt state of our nation; whereas we hold our prerogative above the rest of mankind from Abraham, who is our father; and we have a right to the blessings of God's peculiar kingdom, in virtue of the promise made to him; his justification is the ground of ours. Now what shall we make of his case, on your principles? Of what use was his obedience to the law of circumcision, if it did not give him a right to the blessing of God? And if, by his obedience to that law, he obtained a grant of extraordinary blessings, then, according to your own concession, Rom 3:27, he might ascribe his justification to something in himself; and, consequently, so may we too, in his right; and if so, this will exclude all those who are not circumcised as we are.
Відкрити джерело ↗THE FOREGOING DOCTRINE OF JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH ILLUSTRATED FROM THE OLD TESTAMENT. (Rom. 4:1-25) What shall we say then that Abraham, our father as pertaining to the flesh, hath found?--that is, (as the order in the original shows), "hath found, as pertaining to ('according to,' or 'through') the flesh"; meaning, "by all his natural efforts or legal obedience."
Відкрити джерело ↗What shall we say then,.... The apostle having proved that there is no justification by the works of the law; to make this appear more clear and evident to the Jews, he instances in the greatest person of their nation, and for whom they had the greatest value and esteem, Abraham, our father; who was not a righteous and good man, but the head of the Jewish nation; and, as the Syriac version here styles him, , "the head", or "chief of the fathers"; and so the Alexandrian copy, "our forefather": and was the first of the circumcision, and is described here by his relation to the Jews, "our father"; that is, as pertaining to the flesh; or according to carnal descent, or natural generation and relation; for in a spiritual sense, or with respect to faith and grace, he was the father of others, even of all that believe, whether Jews or Gentiles: now the question put concerning him is, "what he, as pertaining to the flesh, hath found?" for the phrase, "as pertaining to the flesh", may be connected with the word found; and to find anything is by seeking to obtain, and enjoy it: and the sense of the whole is, did he find out the way of life, righteousness, and salvation by the mere hint of carnal reason? and did he obtain these things by his own strength? or were these acquired by his circumcision in the flesh, or by any other fleshly privilege he enjoyed? or was he justified before God by any services and performances of his, of whatsoever kind? There is indeed no express answer returned; but it is evident from what follows, that the meaning of the apostle is, that it should be understood in the negative.
Відкрити джерело ↗Here the apostle proves that Abraham was justified not by works, but by faith. Those that of all men contended most vigorously for a share in righteousness by the privileges they enjoyed, and the works they performed, were the Jews, and therefore he appeals to the case of Abraham their father, and puts his own name to the relation, being a Hebrew of the Hebrews: Abraham our father. Now surely his prerogative must needs be as great as theirs who claim it as his seed according to the flesh. Now what has he found? All the world is seeking; but, while the most are wearying themselves for very vanity, none can be truly reckoned to have found, but those who are justified before God; and thus Abraham, like a wise merchant, seeking goodly pearls, found this one pearl of great price. What has he found, kata sarka - as pertaining to the flesh, that is, by circumcision and his external privileges and performances? These the apostle calls flesh, Phi 3:3. Now what did he get by these? Was he justified by them? Was it the merit of his works that recommended him to God's acceptance? No, by no means, which he proves by several arguments. I. If he had been justified by works, room would have been left for boasting, which must for ever be excluded. If so, he hath whereof to glory (Rom 4:2), which is not to be allowed. "But," might the Jews say, "was not his name made great (Gen 12:2), and then might not he glory?" Yes, but not before God; he might deserve well of men, but he could never merit of God. Paul himself had whereof to glory before men, and we have him sometimes glorying in it, yet with humility; but nothing to glory in before God, Co1 4:4; Phi 3:8, Phi 3:9. So Abraham. Observe, He takes it for granted that man must not pretend to glory in any thing before God; no, not Abraham,…
Відкрити джерело ↗4:1 Jews in Paul’s day revered Abraham as Israel’s founder. Some Jewish texts claim that Abraham never sinned (Prayer of Manasseh 8; Jubilees 23:10). Others emphasize his obedience to the law of Moses as the basis for his relationship with God (1 Maccabees 2:52; Sirach 44:19-20). However, Paul demonstrates that Abraham’s faith, not his obedience, established his status with God. Abraham’s position as the founder of God’s people demonstrates that justification by faith is central in God’s plan.
Відкрити джерело ↗Мова оригіналу
Єврейські та грецькі слова за цим уривком, із номерами Стронга — від openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
τίς (tís, G5101) — an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions) ἐρέω (eréō, G2046) — an alternate for G2036 (ἔπω) in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly Ἀβραάμ (Abraám, G11) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch ἡμῶν (hēmōn, G2257) — of (or from) us πατήρ (patḗr, G3962) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote) κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… σάρξ (sárx, G4561) — flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e. (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by… εὑρίσκω (heurískō, G2147) — to find (literally or figuratively)
Відкрити джерело ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… εἰ (ei, G1487) — if, whether, that, etc. Ἀβραάμ (Abraám, G11) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch δικαιόω (dikaióō, G1344) — to render (i.e. show or regard as) just or innocent ἐκ (ek, G1537) — literal or figurative; direct or remote) ἔργον (érgon, G2041) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act ἔχω (échō, G2192) — to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote;… καύχημα (kaúchēma, G2745) — a boast (properly, the object; by implication, the act) in a good or a bad sense ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
Відкрити джерело ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… τίς (tís, G5101) — an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions) λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… γραφή (graphḗ, G1124) — a document, i.e. holy Writ (or its contents or a statement in it) δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. Ἀβραάμ (Abraám, G11) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch πιστεύω (pisteúō, G4100) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by… θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosýnē, G1343) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
Відкрити джерело ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἐργάζομαι (ergázomai, G2038) — to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with,… λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) μισθός (misthós, G3408) — pay for service (literally or figuratively), good or bad οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… χάρις (cháris, G5485) — graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative… ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) ὀφείλημα (opheílēma, G3783) — something owed, i.e. (figuratively) a due; morally, a fault
Відкрити джерело ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἐργάζομαι (ergázomai, G2038) — to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with,… μή (mḗ, G3361) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer… πιστεύω (pisteúō, G4100) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by… ἐπί (epí, G1909) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of… δικαιόω (dikaióō, G1344) — to render (i.e. show or regard as) just or innocent ἀσεβής (asebḗs, G765) — irreverent, i.e. (by extension) impious or wicked αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… πίστις (pístis, G4102) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of… λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosýnē, G1343) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
Відкрити джерело ↗καθάπερ (katháper, G2509) — exactly as Δαβίδ (Dabíd, G1138) — Dabid (i.e. David), the Israelite king καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… μακαρισμός (makarismós, G3108) — beatification, i.e. attribution of good fortune ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, G444) — from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)); man-faced, i.e. a human being ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosýnē, G1343) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification χωρίς (chōrís, G5565) — at a space, i.e. separately or apart from (often as preposition) ἔργον (érgon, G2041) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
Відкрити джерело ↗μακάριος (makários, G3107) — supremely blest; by extension, fortunate, well off ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that ἀνομία (anomía, G458) — illegality, i.e. violation of law or (genitive case) wickedness ἀφίημι (aphíēmi, G863) — an intensive form of , to go); to send forth, in various applications (as follow) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἁμαρτία (hamartía, G266) — a sin (properly abstract) ἐπικαλύπτω (epikalýptō, G1943) — to conceal, i.e. (figuratively) forgive
Відкрити джерело ↗μακάριος (makários, G3107) — supremely blest; by extension, fortunate, well off ἀνήρ (anḗr, G435) — a man (properly as an individual male) ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that κύριος (kýrios, G2962) — supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful… λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) οὐ μή (ou mḗ, G3364) — a double negative strengthening the denial; not at all ἁμαρτία (hamartía, G266) — a sin (properly abstract)
Відкрити джерело ↗οὗτος (hoûtos, G3778) — the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated) μακαρισμός (makarismós, G3108) — beatification, i.e. attribution of good fortune οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly ἐπί (epí, G1909) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of… περιτομή (peritomḗ, G4061) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively) ἤ (ḗ, G2228) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than ἀκροβυστία (akrobystía, G203) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate)… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because πίστις (pístis, G4102) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of… λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) Ἀβραάμ (Abraám, G11) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch
Відкрити джерело ↗πῶς (pōs, G4459) — an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect,… λογίζομαι (logízomai, G3049) — to take an inventory, i.e. estimate (literally or figuratively) οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly ὤν (ṓn, G5607) — being ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. περιτομή (peritomḗ, G4061) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively) ἤ (ḗ, G2228) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than ἀκροβυστία (akrobystía, G203) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate)… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
Відкрити джерело ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… λαμβάνω (lambánō, G2983) — while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent, to seize or remove)) σημεῖον (sēmeîon, G4592) — an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally περιτομή (peritomḗ, G4061) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively) σφραγίς (sphragís, G4973) — a signet (as fencing in or protecting from misappropriation); by implication, the stamp… δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosýnē, G1343) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification πίστις (pístis, G4102) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of… ὁ (ho, G3588) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom) ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. ἀκροβυστία (akrobystía, G203) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate)… εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… εἶναι (eînai, G1511) — to exist πατήρ (patḗr, G3962) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
Відкрити джерело ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… πατήρ (patḗr, G3962) — a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote) περιτομή (peritomḗ, G4061) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively) οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not ἐκ (ek, G1537) — literal or figurative; direct or remote) μόνον (mónon, G3440) — merely ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) στοιχέω (stoichéō, G4748) — to march in (military) rank (keep step), i.e. (figuratively) to conform to virtue and… ἴχνος (íchnos, G2487) — compare G2240 (ἥκω)); a track (figuratively) πίστις (pístis, G4102) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of… ἡμῶν (hēmōn, G2257) — of (or from) us Ἀβραάμ (Abraám, G11) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. ἀκροβυστία (akrobystía, G203) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate)…
Відкрити джерело ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… ἐπαγγελία (epangelía, G1860) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good) εἶναι (eînai, G1511) — to exist αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… κληρονόμος (klēronómos, G2818) — a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor κόσμος (kósmos, G2889) — orderly arrangement, i.e. decoration; by implication, the world (in a wide or narrow… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not Ἀβραάμ (Abraám, G11) — Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch ἤ (ḗ, G2228) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than σπέρμα (spérma, G4690) — something sown, i.e. seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring;… διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) νόμος (nómos, G3551) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of… ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosýnē, G1343) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification
Відкрити джерело ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… εἰ (ei, G1487) — if, whether, that, etc. ἐκ (ek, G1537) — literal or figurative; direct or remote) νόμος (nómos, G3551) — law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of… κληρονόμος (klēronómos, G2818) — a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor πίστις (pístis, G4102) — persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of… κενόω (kenóō, G2758) — to make empty, i.e. (figuratively) to abase, neutralize, falsify καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐπαγγελία (epangelía, G1860) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good) καταργέω (katargéō, G2673) — to be (render) entirely idle (useless), literally or figuratively
Відкрити джерело ↗Перехресні посилання
Інші уривки, які спільнота найчастіше пов'язує з цим. Торкнись, щоб прочитати.
Гляньте на Авраама, ба́тька свого́, та на Сарру, що вас породила, бо тільки одно́го його Я покликав, але благословив був його та розмно́жив його.
Через це з віри, щоб було з милости, щоб обі́тниця певна була всім нащадкам, не тільки тому́, хто з Закону, але й тому́, хто з віри Авраама, що отець усім нам,
Євреї вони? — То й я. Ізра́їльтяни вони? — То й я. Насіння вони Авраамове? — То й я!
Мужі-браття, сини роду Авраамового, та хто богобоя́зний із вас! Для вас було по́слане слово спасі́ння цього́.
Отець ваш Авраам прагнув із радістю, щоб побачити день Мій, — і він бачив, і тішився“.
Отож, учиніть гідний плід покая́ння. І не починайте казати в собі: „Маємо ба́тька Авраама“. Бо кажу вам, що Бог може підне́сти дітей Авраамові з цьо́го каміння.
І не ду́майте говорити в собі: „Ми маємо отця Авраама“. Кажу́ бо я вам, що Бог може піднести дітей Авраамові з цього камі́ння!
Що ж скажемо? Чи Зако́н — то гріх? Зо́всім ні! Але я не пізнав гріха, як тільки через Зако́н, бо я не знав би пожадливости, коли б Закон не наказував: „Не пожада́й“.
Що ж скажем на це? Коли за нас Бог, то хто проти нас?
Чи ж Ти більший, аніж отець наш Авраам, що помер? Та повмирали й пророки. Ким Ти робиш Само́го Себе?“