Даниїл 5
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Belshazzar the king made a great feast - This chapter is out of its place, and should come in after the seventh and eighth. There are difficulties in the chronology. After the death of Nebuchadnezzar, Evil-merodach his son ascended the throne of Babylon. Having reigned about two years, he was slain by his brother-in-law, Neriglissar. He reigned four years, and was succeeded by his son Laborosoarchod, who reigned only nine months. At his death Belshazzar the son of Evil-merodach, was raised to the throne, and reigned seventeen years, and was slain, as we read here, by Cyrus, who surprised and took the city on the night of this festivity. This is the chronology on which Archbishop Usher, and other learned chronologists, agree; but the Scripture mentions only Nebuchadnezzar, Evil-merodach, and Belshazzar, by name; and Jeremiah, Jer 27:7, expressly says, "All nations shall serve him (Nebuchadnezzar), and his son (Evil-merodach), and his son's son (Belshazzar), until the very time of his land come;" i.e., till the time in which the empire should be seized by Cyrus. Here there is no mention of Neriglissar nor Laborosoarchod; but as they were usurpers, they might have been purposely passed by. But there remains one difficulty still: Belshazzar is expressly called the son of Nebuchadnezzar by the queen mother, Jer 27:11 : "There is a man in thy kingdom, in whom is the spirit of the holy gods: and in the days of Thy Father light and understanding and wisdom, like the wisdom of the gods, was found in him: whom the king Nebuchadnezzar Thy Father, the king, I say, thy father, made master of the magicians." The solution of this difficulty is, that in Scripture the name of son is indifferently given to sons and grandsons, and even to great grandsons. And perhaps the repetition in the…
Відкрити джерело ↗BELSHAZZAR'S IMPIOUS FEAST; THE HANDWRITING ON THE WALL INTERPRETED BY DANIEL OF THE DOOM OF BABYLON AND ITS KING. (Dan. 5:1-31) Belshazzar--RAWLINSON, from the Assyrian inscriptions, has explained the seeming discrepancy between Daniel and the heathen historians of Babylon, BEROSUS and ABYDENUS, who say the last king (Nabonidus) surrendered in Borsippa, after Babylon was taken, and had an honorable abode in Caramania assigned to him. Belshazzar was joint king with his father (called Minus in the inscriptions), but subordinate to him; hence the Babylonian account suppresses the facts which cast discredit on Babylon, namely, that Belshazzar shut himself up in that city and fell at its capture; while it records the surrender of the principal king in Borsippa (see my Introduction to Daniel). The heathen XENOPHON'S description of Belshazzar accords with Daniel's; he calls him "impious," and illustrates his cruelty by mentioning that he killed one of his nobles, merely because, in hunting, the noble struck down the game before him; and unmanned a courtier, Gadates, at a banquet, because one of the king's concubines praised him as handsome. Daniel shows none of the sympathy for him which he had for Nebuchadnezzar. XENOPHON confirms Daniel as to Belshazzar's end. WINER explains the "shazzar" in the name as meaning "fire." made . . . feast--heaven-sent infatuation when his city was at the time being besieged by Cyrus. The fortifications and abundant provisions in the city made the king despise the besiegers. It was a festival day among the Babylonians [XENOPHON]. drank . . . before the thousand--The king, on this extraordinary occasion, departed from his usual way of feasting apart from his nobles (compare Est 1:3).
Відкрити джерело ↗Belshazzar the king made a great feast,.... This king was not the immediate successor of Nebuchadnezzar, but Evilmerodach, Jer 52:31, who, according to Ptolemy's canon, reigned two years; then followed Neriglissar, his sister's husband, by whom he was slain, and who usurped the throne, and reigned four years; he died in the beginning of his fourth year, and left a son called Laborosoarchod, who reigned but nine months, which are placed by Ptolemy to his father's reign, and therefore he himself is not mentioned in the canon; and then followed this king, who by Ptolemy is called Nabonadius; by Berosus, Nabonnedus (t) by Abydenus (u), Nabannidochus; by Herodotus (w), Labynitus; and by Josephus (x), Naboandelus, who, according to him, is the same with Belshazzar; whom some confound with the son of Neriglissar; others take him to be the same with Evilmerodach, because he here immediately follows Nebuchadnezzar, and is called his son, Dan 5:11, and others that he was a younger brother, so Jarchi and Theodoret; but the truth is, that he was the son of Evilmerodach, and grandson of Nebuchadnezzar, which agrees with the prophecy in Jer 27:7, for though Nebuchadnezzar is called his father, and he his son, Dan 5:2 this is said after the manner of the eastern nations, who used to call ancestors fathers, and their more remote posterity sons. He had his name Belshazzar from the idol Bel, and may be rendered, "Bel's treasurer": though, according to Saadiah, the word signifies "a searcher of treasures", of his ancestors, or of the house of God. Hillerus translates it, "Bel hath hidden". This king made a great feast; or "bread" (y), which is put for all provisions; it was great, both on account of plenty of food, variety of dishes, and number of guests, and those of the highest rank and…
Відкрити джерело ↗The verses describe the progress of Belshazzar's magnifying himself against the living Do, whereby the judgment threatened came upon him and his kingdom. A great feast, which the king gave to his officers of state and to his wives, furnished the occasion for this. The name of the king, בּלשׁאצּר, contains in it the two component parts of the name which Daniel had received (Dan 1:7), but without the interposed E, whereby it is distinguished from it. This distinction is not to be overlooked, although the lxx have done so, and have written the two names, as if they were identical, Balta'sar. The meaning of the name is as yet unknown. לחם, meal-time, the festival. The invitation to a thousand officers of state corresponds to the magnificence of Oriental kings. According to Ctesias (Athen. Deipnos. iv. 146), 15, 000 men dined daily from the table of the Persian king (cf. Est 1:4). To account for this large number of guests, it is not necessary to suppose that during the siege of Babylon by Cyrus a multitude of great officers from all parts of the kingdom had fled for refuge to Babylon. The number specified is evidently a round number, i.e., the number of the guests amounted to about a thousand. The words, he drank wine before the thousand (great officers), are not, with Hvernick, to be explained of drinking first, or of preceding them in drinking, or of drinking a toast to them, but are to be understood according to the Oriental custom, by which at great festivals the king sat at a separate table on an elevated place, so that he had the guests before him or opposite to him. The drinking of wine is particularly noticed as the immediate occasion of the wickedness which followed. Dan 5:2 חמרא בּטעם, while he tasted the wine, i.e., when the wine was relished by him; thus "in the…
Відкрити джерело ↗We have here Belshazzar the king very gay, but all of a sudden very gloomy, and in straits in the fulness of his sufficiency. See how he affronts God, and God affrights him; and wait what will be the issue of this contest; and whether he that hardened his heart against God prospered. I. See how the king affronted God, and put contempt upon him. He made a great feast, or banquet of wine; probably it was some anniversary solemnity, in honour off his birthday or coronation-day, or in honour of some of their idols. Historians say that Cyrus, who was now with his army besieging Babylon, knew of this feast, and presuming that they then would be off their guard, somno vinoque sepulti - buried in sleep and wine, took that opportunity to attack the city, and so with the more ease made himself master of it. Belshazzar upon this occasion invited a thousand of his lords to come and drink with him. Perhaps they were such as had signalized themselves in defense of the city against the besiegers; or these were his great council of war, with whom, when they had well drunk, he would advise what was further to be done. And they were to look upon it as a great favour that he drank wine before them, for it was the pride of those eastern kings to be seldom seen. He drank wine before them, for he made this feast, as Ahasuerus did, to show the honour of his majesty. Now in this sumptuous feast, 1. He put an affront upon the providence of God and bade defiance to his judgments. His city was now besieged; a powerful enemy was at his gates; his life and kingdom lay at stake. In all this the hand of the Lord had gone out against him, and by it he called him to weeping, and mourning, and girding with sackcloth. God's voice cried in the city, as Jonah to Nineveh, Yet forty days, or fewer, and Babyl…
Відкрити джерело ↗5:1-30 Earthly kingdoms all pass away. As Nebuchadnezzar’s dream implied, Babylon would pass away and a new sovereign kingdom would take its place (2:39). After Nebuchadnezzar’s death in 562 BC, violence and debauchery increased in the palaces of Babylon until, during Belshazzar’s feast in 539 BC, even God’s holy vessels were polluted and defiled. God’s judgment came with lightning swiftness that night (5:30), and the next kingdom took over (see 2:32, 39; 5:31). 5:1 Many years later: This chapter opens in October 539 BC (see study note on 5:30). • The name Belshazzar means “Bel Protects [the King]” (Bel was a Babylonian god). Nabonidus (556–539 BC) placed his son Belshazzar on the Babylonian throne around 553 BC as ruler in his stead. Then Nabonidus moved to Tema in northwest Arabia, where he stayed for ten years. He returned to Babylon only in the unsuccessful attempt to oppose the Persians (cp. 5:30-31).
Відкрити джерело ↗Мова оригіналу
Єврейські та грецькі слова за цим уривком, із номерами Стронга — від openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר (Bêlshaʼtstsar, H1113) — {Belshatstsar, a Babylonian king} מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king עֲבַד (ʻăbad, H5648) — to do, make, prepare, keep, etc. רַב (rab, H7229) — {abundant} לְחֶם (lᵉchem, H3900) — {(for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)} אֲלַף (ʼălaph, H506) — {hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as… רַבְרְבָן (rabrᵉbân, H7261) — a magnate שְׁתָה (shᵉthâh, H8355) — {to imbibe (literally or figuratively)} חֲמַר (chămar, H2562) — wine קְבֵל (qᵉbêl, H6903) — (adverbially) in front of; usually (with other particles) on account of, so as, since,…
Відкрити джерело ↗בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר (Bêlshaʼtstsar, H1113) — {Belshatstsar, a Babylonian king} טְעֵם (ṭᵉʻêm, H2942) — properly, flavor; figuratively, judgment (both subjective and objective); hence, account… חֲמַר (chămar, H2562) — wine אֲמַר (ʼămar, H560) — {to say (used with great latitude)} אָתָה (ʼâthâh, H858) — {to arrive} דְּהַב (dᵉhab, H1722) — gold כְּסַף (kᵉçaph, H3702) — {silver (from its pale color); by implication, money} מָאן (mâʼn, H3984) — a utensil אַב (ʼab, H2) — {father} נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר (Nᵉbûwkadnetstsar, H5020) — {Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon} נְפַק (nᵉphaq, H5312) — to issue; causatively, to bring out מִן (min, H4481) — {properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of} הֵיכַל (hêykal, H1965) — {a large public building, such as a palace or temple} יְרוּשָׁלֵם (Yᵉrûwshâlêm, H3390) — {Jerusalem}
Відкрити джерело ↗אֱדַיִן (ʼĕdayin, H116) — then (of time) אָתָה (ʼâthâh, H858) — {to arrive} דְּהַב (dᵉhab, H1722) — gold מָאן (mâʼn, H3984) — a utensil נְפַק (nᵉphaq, H5312) — to issue; causatively, to bring out מִן (min, H4481) — {properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of} הֵיכַל (hêykal, H1965) — {a large public building, such as a palace or temple} בַּיִת (bayith, H1005) — {a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)} אֱלָהּ (ʼĕlâhh, H426) — God יְרוּשָׁלֵם (Yᵉrûwshâlêm, H3390) — {Jerusalem} מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king רַבְרְבָן (rabrᵉbân, H7261) — a magnate שֵׁגָל (shêgâl, H7695) — a (legitimate) queen לְחֵנָה (lᵉchênâh, H3904) — a concubine
Відкрити джерело ↗שְׁתָה (shᵉthâh, H8355) — {to imbibe (literally or figuratively)} חֲמַר (chămar, H2562) — wine שְׁבַח (shᵉbach, H7624) — to adulate, i.e. adore אֱלָהּ (ʼĕlâhh, H426) — God דְּהַב (dᵉhab, H1722) — gold כְּסַף (kᵉçaph, H3702) — {silver (from its pale color); by implication, money} נְחָשׁ (nᵉchâsh, H5174) — copper פַּרְזֶל (parzel, H6523) — iron אָע (ʼâʻ, H636) — a tree or wood אֶבֶן (ʼeben, H69) — {a stone}
Відкрити джерело ↗שָׁעָה (shâʻâh, H8160) — properly, a look, i.e. a moment נְפַק (nᵉphaq, H5312) — to issue; causatively, to bring out אֶצְבַּע (ʼetsbaʻ, H677) — {something to sieze with, i.e. a finger; by analogy, a toe} אֱנָשׁ (ʼĕnâsh, H606) — a man יַד (yad, H3028) — {a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)} כְּתַב (kᵉthab, H3790) — {to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)} קְבֵל (qᵉbêl, H6903) — (adverbially) in front of; usually (with other particles) on account of, so as, since,… נֶבְרְשָׁא (nebrᵉshâʼ, H5043) — a light; plural (collectively) a chandelier עַל (ʻal, H5922) — {above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect)… גִּיר (gîyr, H1528) — lime כְּתַל (kᵉthal, H3797) — {a wall (as gathering inmates)} מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king הֵיכַל (hêykal, H1965) — {a large public building, such as a palace or temple} חֲזָא (chăzâʼ, H2370) — to gaze upon; mentally to dream, be usual (i.e. seem)
Відкрити джерело ↗אֱדַיִן (ʼĕdayin, H116) — then (of time) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king זִיו (zîyv, H2122) — (figuratively) cheerfulness שְׁנָא (shᵉnâʼ, H8133) — {to alter} רַעְיוֹן (raʻyôwn, H7476) — a grasp. i.e. (figuratively) mental conception בְּהַל (bᵉhal, H927) — to terrify, hasten קְטַר (qᵉṭar, H7001) — a knot (as tied up), i.e. (figuratively) a riddle; also a vertebra (as if a knot) חֲרַץ (chărats, H2783) — the loin (as the seat of strength) שְׁרֵא (shᵉrêʼ, H8271) — to free, separate; figuratively, to unravel, commence; by implication (of unloading… אַרְכֻבָה (ʼarkubâh, H755) — the knee נְקַשׁ (nᵉqash, H5368) — to knock דָּא (dâʼ, H1668) — this
Відкрити джерело ↗מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king קְרָא (qᵉrâʼ, H7123) — {to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of… חַיִל (chayil, H2429) — an army, or strength עֲלַל (ʻălal, H5954) — to enter; causatively, to introduce אַשָּׁף (ʼashshâph, H826) — {a conjurer} כַּשְׂדַּי (Kasday, H3779) — a Chaldaean or inhabitant of Chaldaea; by implication, a Magian or professional astrologer גְּזַר (gᵉzar, H1505) — to quarry; determine עֲנָה (ʻănâh, H6032) — {properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond;… אֲמַר (ʼămar, H560) — {to say (used with great latitude)} חַכִּים (chakkîym, H2445) — wise, i.e. a Magian בַּבֶל (Babel, H895) — {Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire} אֱנָשׁ (ʼĕnâsh, H606) — a man כֹּל (kôl, H3606) — {properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a… דֵּן (dên, H1836) — this
Відкрити джерело ↗אֱדַיִן (ʼĕdayin, H116) — then (of time) עֲלַל (ʻălal, H5954) — to enter; causatively, to introduce כֹּל (kôl, H3606) — {properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king חַכִּים (chakkîym, H2445) — wise, i.e. a Magian כְּהַל (kᵉhal, H3546) — to be able לָא (lâʼ, H3809) — {not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no;} קְרָא (qᵉrâʼ, H7123) — {to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of… כְּתָב (kᵉthâb, H3792) — {something written, i.e. a writing, record or book} יְדַע (yᵉdaʻ, H3046) — {to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… פְּשַׁר (pᵉshar, H6591) — an interpretation
Відкрити джерело ↗אֱדַיִן (ʼĕdayin, H116) — then (of time) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר (Bêlshaʼtstsar, H1113) — {Belshatstsar, a Babylonian king} שַׂגִּיא (saggîyʼ, H7690) — large (in size, quantity or number, also adverbial) בְּהַל (bᵉhal, H927) — to terrify, hasten זִיו (zîyv, H2122) — (figuratively) cheerfulness שְׁנָא (shᵉnâʼ, H8133) — {to alter} עַל (ʻal, H5922) — {above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect)… רַבְרְבָן (rabrᵉbân, H7261) — a magnate שְׁבַשׁ (shᵉbash, H7672) — to entangle, i.e. perplex
Відкрити джерело ↗מַלְכָּא (malkâʼ, H4433) — a queen קְבֵל (qᵉbêl, H6903) — (adverbially) in front of; usually (with other particles) on account of, so as, since,… מִלָּה (millâh, H4406) — a word, command, discourse, or subject מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king רַבְרְבָן (rabrᵉbân, H7261) — a magnate עֲלַל (ʻălal, H5954) — to enter; causatively, to introduce מִשְׁתֶּה (mishteh, H4961) — a banquet בַּיִת (bayith, H1005) — {a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)} עֲנָה (ʻănâh, H6032) — {properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond;… אֲמַר (ʼămar, H560) — {to say (used with great latitude)} חֲיָא (chăyâʼ, H2418) — to live עָלַם (ʻâlam, H5957) — remote time, i.e. the future or past indefinitely; often adverb, forever אַל (ʼal, H409) — {not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (Job 24:25) as a noun, nothing} רַעְיוֹן (raʻyôwn, H7476) — a grasp. i.e. (figuratively) mental conception
Відкрити джерело ↗אִיתַי (ʼîythay, H383) — properly, entity; used only as aparticle of affirmation, there is גְּבַר (gᵉbar, H1400) — {a person} מַלְכוּ (malkûw, H4437) — dominion (abstractly or concretely) רוּחַ (rûwach, H7308) — {wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively,… קַדִּישׁ (qaddîysh, H6922) — {sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a… אֱלָהּ (ʼĕlâhh, H426) — God יוֹם (yôwm, H3118) — a day אַב (ʼab, H2) — {father} נְהִיר (nᵉhîyr, H5094) — illumination, i.e. (figuratively) wisdom שׇׂכְלְתָנוּ (soklᵉthânûw, H7924) — intelligence חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2452) — wisdom שְׁכַח (shᵉkach, H7912) — to discover (literally or figuratively) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר (Nᵉbûwkadnetstsar, H5020) — {Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon}
Відкрити джерело ↗קְבֵל (qᵉbêl, H6903) — (adverbially) in front of; usually (with other particles) on account of, so as, since,… כֹּל (kôl, H3606) — {properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a… יַתִּיר (yattîyr, H3493) — preeminent; as an adverb, very רוּחַ (rûwach, H7308) — {wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively,… מַנְדַּע (mandaʻ, H4486) — wisdom or intelligence שׇׂכְלְתָנוּ (soklᵉthânûw, H7924) — intelligence פְּשַׁר (pᵉshar, H6590) — to interpret חֵלֶם (chêlem, H2493) — a dream אַחֲוָה (ʼachăvâh, H263) — solution (of riddles) אֲחִידָה (ʼăchîydâh, H280) — an enigma שְׁרֵא (shᵉrêʼ, H8271) — to free, separate; figuratively, to unravel, commence; by implication (of unloading… קְטַר (qᵉṭar, H7001) — a knot (as tied up), i.e. (figuratively) a riddle; also a vertebra (as if a knot) שְׁכַח (shᵉkach, H7912) — to discover (literally or figuratively) דָּנִיֵּאל (Dânîyêʼl, H1841) — Danijel, the Hebrew prophet
Відкрити джерело ↗אֱדַיִן (ʼĕdayin, H116) — then (of time) דָּנִיֵּאל (Dânîyêʼl, H1841) — Danijel, the Hebrew prophet עֲלַל (ʻălal, H5954) — to enter; causatively, to introduce קֳדָם (qŏdâm, H6925) — before מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king עֲנָה (ʻănâh, H6032) — {properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond;… אֲמַר (ʼămar, H560) — {to say (used with great latitude)} אַנְתָּה (ʼantâh, H607) — thou מִן (min, H4481) — {properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of} בֵּן (bên, H1123) — {a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense} גָּלוּת (gâlûwth, H1547) — {captivity; concretely, exiles (collectively)} יְהוּד (Yᵉhûwd, H3061) — properly, Judah, hence, Judaea אַב (ʼab, H2) — {father} אָתָה (ʼâthâh, H858) — {to arrive}
Відкрити джерело ↗שְׁמַע (shᵉmaʻ, H8086) — {to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.;… רוּחַ (rûwach, H7308) — {wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively,… אֱלָהּ (ʼĕlâhh, H426) — God עַל (ʻal, H5922) — {above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect)… נְהִיר (nᵉhîyr, H5094) — illumination, i.e. (figuratively) wisdom שׇׂכְלְתָנוּ (soklᵉthânûw, H7924) — intelligence יַתִּיר (yattîyr, H3493) — preeminent; as an adverb, very חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2452) — wisdom שְׁכַח (shᵉkach, H7912) — to discover (literally or figuratively)
Відкрити джерело ↗Перехресні посилання
Інші уривки, які спільнота найчастіше пов'язує з цим. Торкнись, щоб прочитати.
Третього року свого царюва́ння справив він гости́ну для всіх своїх князі́в та для своїх слуг ві́йська перського та мідійського, старши́х та прави́телів округ,
І відкрив Господь Саваот в мої уші: Напевно не про́ститься вам беззако́нство оце, аж поки ви не помрете́, промовив Господь, Бог Саваот.
І впою́ його зве́рхників та мудреці́в його, намісників його та заступників його, і його ли́царів, — і сном вічним заснуть, і не збу́дяться, каже Цар, Господь Саваот Йому Йме́ння.
І сталося третього дня, у день народження фараона, і вчинив він гостину для всіх своїх рабів. І підняв він голову начальника чашників і голову начальника пекарів серед своїх рабів.
І Господь, Бог Саваот того дня був покликав на плач, і на голосі́ння, і на обстрига́ння воло́сся, і щоб опереза́тись вере́тою.
Як вони порозпа́люються, то зроблю́ їм бенке́та та їх упою́, щоб раділи й заснули сном вічним, — і вже не пробу́дяться, каже Господь!
Бо вони переплу́тані, наче той те́рен, і повпива́лись, немов би вином, — вони будуть пожерті зовсі́м, мов солома суха!