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Now it came to pass - The Ahasuerus of the Romans, the Artaxerxes of the Greeks and Ardsheer of the Persians, are the same. Some think that this Ahasuerus was Darius, the son of Hystaspes; but Prideaux and others maintain that he was Artaxerxes Longimanus. Reigned from India even unto Ethiopia - This is nearly the same account that is given by Xenophon. How great and glorious the kingdom of Cyrus was beyond all the kingdoms of Asia, was evident from this: Ὡρισθῃ μεν πρως ἑῳ τῃ Ερυθρᾳ θαλαττῃ· προς αρκτον δε τῳ Ευξεινῳ ποντῳ· προς ἑσπεραν δε Κυπρῳ και Αιγυπτῳ· προς μεσημβριαν δε Αιθιοπιᾳ. "It was bounded on the east by the Red Sea; on the north by the Euxine Sea; on the west by Cyprus and Egypt; and on the south by Ethiopia." - Cyrop. lib. viii., p. 241, edit. Steph. 1581.
Відкрити джерело ↗AHASUERUS MAKES ROYAL FEASTS. (Est. 1:1-22) Ahasuerus--It is now generally agreed among learned men that the Ahasuerus mentioned in this episode is the Xerxes who figures in Grecian history.
Відкрити джерело ↗Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus,.... Who he was is not easy to say; almost all the kings of Persia are so named by one or another writer. He cannot be the Ahasuerus in Dan 9:1, he was Astyages, the father of Cyaxares or Darius the Mede; but this must be one who had his royal palace in Shushan, which was never the royal city of the Medes, but of the Persians only; nor does he seem to be the Ahasuerus in Ezr 4:6, who is thought to be Cambyses, the son and successor of Cyrus; since, according to the canon of Ptolemy, he reigned but eight years, whereas this Ahasuerus at least reigned twelve, Est 3:7, though indeed some account for it by his reigning in his father's lifetime; besides, Cambyses was always an enemy to the Jews, as this was not; and yet this way go many of the Jewish writers (n) and so a very learned man, Nicolaus Abram (o); according to Bishop Usher (p), this was Darius Hystaspis, who certainly was a friend to the Jewish nation; but he is rather the Artaxerxes of Ezra and Nehemiah; and so says the Midrash (q). Dr. Prideaux (r) thinks Ahasuerus was Artaxerxes Longimanus, which is the sense of Josephus (s), and who is thought by many to be the Artaxerxes in the foresaid books. Capellus (t) is of opinion, that Darius Ochus is meant, to which Bishop Patrick inclines; but I rather think, with Vitringa (u) and others (w), that Xerxes is the Ahasuerus that was the husband of Esther here spoken of; so the Arabic writers (x); and as he was the son and successor of Darius Hystaspis, if he is meant by Artaxerxes in the preceding books, the history of which is carried to the thirty second year of his reign, Neh 13:6 and who reigned but four years more; this book of Esther stands in right order of time to carry on the history of the Jewish affairs in the Pers…
Відкрити джерело ↗The banquet. Est 1:1-3 mark a period. משׁתּה עשׂה, which belongs to ויהי, does not follow till Est 1:3, and even then the statement concerning the feast is again interrupted by a long parenthesis, and not taken up again and completed till Est 1:5. On the use of ויהי in historical narratives at the beginning of relations having, as in the present instance and Rut 1:1, no reference to a preceding narrative, see the remark on Jos 1:1. Even when no express reference to any preceding occurrence takes place, the historian still puts what he has to relate in connection with other historical occurrences by an "and it came to pass." Ahashverosh is, as has already been remarked on Ezra 4, Xerxes, the son of Darius Hystaspis. Not only does the name אחשׁורושׁ point to the Old-Persian name Ks'ayars'a (with א prosthetic), but the statements also concerning the extent of the kingdom (Est 1:1; Est 10:1), the manners and customs of the country and court, the capricious and tyrannical character of Ahashverosh, and the historical allusions are suitable only and completely to Xerxes, so that, after the discussions of Justi in Eichhorn's Repert. xv. pp. 3-38, and Baumgarten, de fide, etc., pp. 122-151, no further doubt on the subject can exist. As an historical background to the occurrences to be delineated, the wide extent of the kingdom ruled by the monarch just named is next described: "He is that Ahashverosh who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces." מדינה ... שׁבע is not an accusative dependent on מלך, he ruled 127 provinces, for מלך, to reign, is construed with על or בּ, but is annexed in the form of a free apposition to the statement: "from India to Cush;" as also in Est 8:9. הדּוּ is in the Old-Persian cuneiform inscriptions, Hidhu; in Zend, Hendu; in Sanscrit, Sindhu,…
Відкрити джерело ↗Which of the kings of Persia this Ahasuerus was the learned are not agreed. Mordecai is said to have been one of those that were carried captive from Jerusalem (Est 2:5, Est 2:6), whence it should seem that this Ahasuerus was one of the first kings of that empire. Dr. Lightfoot thinks that he was that Artaxerxes who hindered the building of the temple, who is called also Ahasuerus (Ezr 4:6, Ezr 4:7), after his great-grandfather of the Medes, Dan 9:1. We have here an account, I. Of the vast extent of his dominion. In the time of Darius and Cyrus there were but 120 princes (Dan 6:1); now there were 127, from India to Ethiopia, Est 1:1. It had become an over-grown kingdom, which in time would sink with its own weight, and, as usual, would lose its provinces as fast as it got them. If such vast power be put into a bad hand, it is able to do so much the more mischief; but, if into a good hand, it is able to do so much the more good. Christ's kingdom is, or shall be, far larger than this, when the kingdoms of the world shall all become his; and it shall be everlasting. II. Of the great pomp and magnificence of his court. When he found himself fixed in his throne, the pride of his heart rising with the grandeur of his kingdom, he made a most extravagant feast, wherein he put himself to vast expense and trouble only to show the riches of his glorious kingdom and the honour of his excellent majesty, Est 1:4. This was vain glory, an affection of pomp to no purpose at all; for none questioned the riches of his kingdom, nor offered to vie with him for honour. If he had shown the riches of his kingdom and the honour of his majesty, as some of his successors did, in contributing largely towards the building of the temple and the maintaining of the temple service (Ezr 6:8, Ezr 7:22),…
Відкрити джерело ↗1:1 The name Xerxes comes from the Greek transliteration of the Persian Xshayarshan, which the Hebrew text renders ’akhashwerosh (Ahasuerus). His father, Darius I (521–486 BC), was king when Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the people of Judah to finish building the Temple in Jerusalem (see Ezra 4:24–6:22; Hag 1:1; Zech 1:1). • 127 provinces: Xerxes reigned over a vast empire stretching from India to Ethiopia.
Відкрити джерело ↗Мова оригіналу
Єврейські та грецькі слова за цим уривком, із номерами Стронга — від openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ (ʼĂchashvêrôwsh, H325) — Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather… מָלַךְ (mâlak, H4427) — to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence… הֹדוּ (Hôdûw, H1912) — Hodu (i.e. Hindustan) כּוּשׁ (Kûwsh, H3568) — Cush (or Ethiopia), the name of a son of Ham, and of his territory; also of an Israelite מֵאָה (mêʼâh, H3967) — a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction שֶׁבַע (shebaʻ, H7651) — seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… עֶשְׂרִים (ʻesrîym, H6242) — twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth מְדִינָה (mᵉdîynâh, H4082) — properly, a judgeship, i.e. jurisdiction; by implication, a district (as ruled by a…
Відкрити джерело ↗יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ (ʼĂchashvêrôwsh, H325) — Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather… יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… כִּסֵּא (kiççêʼ, H3678) — properly, covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied) מַלְכוּת (malkûwth, H4438) — a rule; concretely, a dominion שׁוּשַׁן (Shûwshan, H7800) — Shushan, a place in Persia בִּירָה (bîyrâh, H1002) — a castle or palace
Відкрити джерело ↗שָׁלוֹשׁ (shâlôwsh, H7969) — three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) מָלַךְ (mâlak, H4427) — to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application מִשְׁתֶּה (mishteh, H4960) — drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally)… שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) עֶבֶד (ʻebed, H5650) — a servant חַיִל (chayil, H2428) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue,… פָּרַס (Pâraç, H6539) — Paras (i.e. Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants מָדַי (Mâday, H4074) — Madai, a country of central Asia פַּרְתַּם (partam, H6579) — a grandee מְדִינָה (mᵉdîynâh, H4082) — properly, a judgeship, i.e. jurisdiction; by implication, a district (as ruled by a… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and…
Відкрити джерело ↗רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… עֹשֶׁר (ʻôsher, H6239) — wealth כָּבוֹד (kâbôwd, H3519) — properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness מַלְכוּת (malkûwth, H4438) — a rule; concretely, a dominion יְקָר (yᵉqâr, H3366) — value, i.e. (concretely) wealth; abstractly, costliness, dignity תִּפְאָרָה (tiphʼârâh, H8597) — ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively) גְּדוּלָה (gᵉdûwlâh, H1420) — greatness; (concretely) mighty acts רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… מֵאָה (mêʼâh, H3967) — a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction שְׁמֹנִים (shᵉmônîym, H8084) — eighty, also eightieth
Відкрити джерело ↗יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4390) — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application מִשְׁתֶּה (mishteh, H4960) — drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally)… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… מָצָא (mâtsâʼ, H4672) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or… שׁוּשַׁן (Shûwshan, H7800) — Shushan, a place in Persia בִּירָה (bîyrâh, H1002) — a castle or palace גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent קָטָן (qâṭân, H6996) — abbreviated, i.e. diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in… שֶׁבַע (shebaʻ, H7651) — seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… חָצֵר (châtsêr, H2691) — a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls) גִּנָּה (ginnâh, H1594) — {a garden}
Відкрити джерело ↗חוּר (chûwr, H2353) — white linen כַּרְפַּס (karpaç, H3768) — byssus or fine vegetable wool תְּכֵלֶת (tᵉkêleth, H8504) — the cerulean mussel, i.e. the color (violet) obtained therefrom or stuff dyed therewith אָחַז (ʼâchaz, H270) — to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession) חֶבֶל (chebel, H2256) — a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or… בּוּץ (bûwts, H948) — probably cotton (of some sort) אַרְגָּמָן (ʼargâmân, H713) — purple (the color or the dyed stuff) כֶּסֶף (keçeph, H3701) — silver (from its pale color); by implication, money גָּלִיל (gâlîyl, H1550) — a valve of a folding door (as turning); also a ring (as round) עַמּוּד (ʻammûwd, H5982) — a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e. platform שֵׁשׁ (shêsh, H8336) — bleached stuff, i.e. white linen or (by analogy) marble מִטָּה (miṭṭâh, H4296) — a bed (as extended) forsleeping or eating; by analogy, a sofa, litter or bier זָהָב (zâhâb, H2091) — gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky רִצְפָּה (ritspâh, H7531) — a hot stone; also a tessellated pavement
Відкрити джерело ↗שָׁקָה (shâqâh, H8248) — to quaff, i.e. (causatively) to irrigate or furnish apotion to כְּלִי (kᵉlîy, H3627) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon) זָהָב (zâhâb, H2091) — gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky שָׁנָה (shânâh, H8138) — to fold, i.e. duplicate (literally or figuratively); by implication, to transmute… מַלְכוּת (malkûwth, H4438) — a rule; concretely, a dominion יַיִן (yayin, H3196) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king
Відкрити джерело ↗שְׁתִיָּה (shᵉthîyâh, H8360) — potation דָּת (dâth, H1881) — a royal edict or statute אָנַס (ʼânaç, H597) — to insist מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יָסַד (yâçad, H3245) — to set (literally or figuratively); intensively, to found; reflexively, to sit down… רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… רָצוֹן (râtsôwn, H7522) — delight (especially as shown)
Відкрити джерело ↗וַשְׁתִּי (Vashtîy, H2060) — Vashti, the queen of Xerxes מַלְכָּה (malkâh, H4436) — a queen עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application מִשְׁתֶּה (mishteh, H4960) — drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally)… אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman מַלְכוּת (malkûwth, H4438) — a rule; concretely, a dominion בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ (ʼĂchashvêrôwsh, H325) — Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather…
Відкрити джерело ↗שְׁבִיעִי (shᵉbîyʻîy, H7637) — seventh יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… לֵב (lêb, H3820) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… יַיִן (yayin, H3196) — wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) מְהוּמָן (Mᵉhûwmân, H4104) — Mehuman, a eunuch of Xerxes בִּזְתָא (Bizthâʼ, H968) — Biztha, a eunuch of Xerxes חַרְבוֹנָא (Charbôwnâʼ, H2726) — Charbona or Charbonah, a eunuch of Xerxes בִּגְתָא (Bigthâʼ, H903) — Bigtha, a eunuch of Xerxes אֲבַגְתָא (ʼĂbagthâʼ, H5) — Abagtha, a eunuch of Xerxes זֵתַר (Zêthar, H2242) — Zethar, a eunuch of Xerxes כַּרְכַּס (Karkaç, H3752) — Karkas, a eunuch of Xerxes
Відкрити джерело ↗בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) וַשְׁתִּי (Vashtîy, H2060) — Vashti, the queen of Xerxes מַלְכָּה (malkâh, H4436) — a queen פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king כֶּתֶר (kether, H3804) — properly, a circlet, i.e. a diadem מַלְכוּת (malkûwth, H4438) — a rule; concretely, a dominion רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) יֳפִי (yŏphîy, H3308) — beauty טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… מַרְאֶה (marʼeh, H4758) — a view (the act of seeing); also an appearance (the thing seen), whether (real) a shape…
Відкрити джерело ↗מַלְכָּה (malkâh, H4436) — a queen וַשְׁתִּי (Vashtîy, H2060) — Vashti, the queen of Xerxes מָאֵן (mâʼên, H3985) — to refuse בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), סָרִיס (çârîyç, H5631) — a eunuch; by implication, valet (especially of the female apartments), and thus, a… מְאֹד (mᵉʼôd, H3966) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication,… קָצַף (qâtsaph, H7107) — to crack off, i.e. (figuratively) burst out in rage חֵמָה (chêmâh, H2534) — heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever) בָּעַר (bâʻar, H1197) — to kindle, i.e. consume (by fire or by eating); to be(-come) brutish
Відкрити джерело ↗מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) חָכָם (châkâm, H2450) — wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful) יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… עֵת (ʻêth, H6256) — time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc. דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… דָּת (dâth, H1881) — a royal edict or statute דִּין (dîyn, H1779) — judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or tribunal); by implication also strife
Відкрити джерело ↗קָרוֹב (qârôwb, H7138) — near (in place, kindred or time) כַּרְשְׁנָא (Karshᵉnâʼ, H3771) — Karshena, a courtier of Xerxes שֵׁתָר (Shêthâr, H8369) — Shethar, a Persian satrap אַדְמָתָא (ʼAdmâthâʼ, H133) — Admatha, a Persian nobleman תַּרְשִׁישׁ (Tarshîysh, H8659) — Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence, the ephithet of a merchant vessel (as if… מֶרֶס (Mereç, H4825) — Meres, a Persian מַרְסְנָא (Marçᵉnâʼ, H4826) — Marsena, a Persian מְמוּכָן (Mᵉmûwkân, H4462) — Memucan or Momucan, a Persian satrap שֶׁבַע (shebaʻ, H7651) — seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) פָּרַס (Pâraç, H6539) — Paras (i.e. Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants מָדַי (Mâday, H4074) — Madai, a country of central Asia רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king
Відкрити джерело ↗Перехресні посилання
Інші уривки, які спільнота найчастіше пов'язує з цим. Торкнись, щоб прочитати.
За першого року Дарія, Ахашверо́шового сина, з насіння мі́дян, що зацарював над халдейським царством,
А за царя Ахашвероша, на поча́тку його царюва́ння, написали вони оска́рження на ме́шканців Юдеї та Єрусалиму.
І порозсила́в він листи́ до всіх юдеїв, до ста й двадцяти́ й семи окру́г Ахашверо́шового ца́рства, зо словами миру та правди,
І були покли́кані царські́ писарі́ того ча́су, місяця третього, — він місяць сіван, двадцять і третього дня в ньому, і було написане все, як наказав був Мордеха́й, до юдеїв, і до сатра́пів, і намісників, і зверхників округ, що від Году й аж до Кушу, — сто й двадцять і сім окру́г, і до кожної окру́ги письмо́м її, і до кожного народу мовою його, та до юдеїв їхнім письмо́м та їхньою мовою.
А мі́дянин Да́рій оде́ржав царство в віці шостидесяти́ й двох ро́ків.
I він почув про Тіргаку, царя етіопського, таке: „Він вийшов воювати з тобою!“ І почув вій, і послав послів до Єзекії, говорячи:
Горе тобі, дзвінкокри́лий ти кра́ю, що з дру́гого бо́ку річо́к етіо́пських,