2-а Самуїлова 10
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The king of Ammon being dead, David sends ambassadors to comfort his son Hanun, Sa2 10:1, Sa2 10:2. Hanun, misled by his courtiers, treats the messengers of David with great indignity, Sa2 10:3-5. The Ammonites, justly dreading David's resentment, send, and hire the Syrians to make war upon him, Sa2 10:6. Joab and Abishai meet them at the city of Medeba, and defeat them, Sa2 10:7-14. The Syrians collect another army, but are defeated by David with great slaughter, and make with him a separate peace, Sa2 10:15-19.
Відкрити джерело ↗DAVID'S MESSENGERS, SENT TO COMFORT HANUN, ARE DISGRACEFULLY TREATED. (Sa2 10:1-5) Then said David, I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me--It is probable that this was the Nahash against whom Saul waged war at Jabesh-gilead (Sa1 11:11). David, on leaving Gath, where his life was exposed to danger, found an asylum with the king of Moab; and as Nahash, king of the Ammonites, was his nearest neighbor, it may be that during the feud between Saul and David, he, through enmity to the former, was kind and hospitable to David.
Відкрити джерело ↗And it came to pass after this,.... After the wars with the Moabites, Syrians, and Edomites, being friendly with the children of Ammon, David sent an embassy to their king, after related; by which it appears what is said concerning the spoils of the children of Ammon, Sa2 8:12, is by anticipation; for these spoils were not taken until the following war with them, the occasion of which is here told: that the king of the children of Ammon died; whose name was Nahash, as is clear from Sa2 10:2, and probably might be the same that came against Jabeshgilead, from whom Saul delivered the inhabitants of that place, Sa1 11:1, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead; who, being his son, was heir to his crown, and succeeded him in his kingdom.
Відкрити джерело ↗This war, the occasion and early success of which are described in the present chapter and the parallel passage in 1 Chron 19, was the fiercest struggle, and, so far as the Israelitish kingdom of God was concerned, the most dangerous, that it ever had to sustain during the reign of David. The amount of distress which fell upon Israel in consequence of this war, and still more because the first successful battles with the Syrians of the south were no sooner over than the Edomites invaded the land, and went about plundering and devastating, in the hope of destroying the people of God, is shown very clearly in the two psalms which date from this period (the 44th and 60th), in which a pious Korahite and David himself pour out their lamentations before the Lord on account of the distress of their nation, and pray for His assistance; and not less clearly in Ps 68, in which David foretels the victory of the God of Israel over all the hostile powers of the world. Sa2 10:1-2 Occasion of the war with the Ammonites. - Sa2 10:1. On the expression "it came to pass after this," see the remarks on Sa2 8:1. When Nahash, the king of the Ammonites, died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead, David thought that he would show him the same kindness that Nahash had formerly shown to him. We are not told in what the love shown to David by Nahash consisted. He had most likely rendered him some assistance during the time of his flight from Saul. Nahash was no doubt the king of the Ammonites mentioned in Sa1 11:1, whom Saul had smitten at Jabesh. David therefore sent an embassy to Hanun, "to comfort him for his father," i.e., to show his sympathy with him on the occasion of his father's death, and at the same time to congratulate him upon his ascent of the throne. Sa2 10:3 On the arrival of Da…
Відкрити джерело ↗Here is, I. The great respect David paid to his neighbour, the king of the Ammonites, Sa2 10:1, Sa2 10:2. 1. The inducement to it was some kindness he had formerly received from Nahash the deceased king. He showed kindness to me, says David (Sa2 10:2), and therefore (having lately had satisfaction in showing kindness to Mephibosheth for his father's sake) he resolves to show kindness to his son, and to keep up a friendly correspondence with him. Thus the pleasure of doing one kind and generous action should excite us to another. Nahash had been an enemy to Israel, a cruel enemy (Sa1 11:2), and yet had shown kindness to David, perhaps only in contradiction to Saul, who was unkind to him: however, if David receives kindness, he is not nice in examining the grounds and principles of it, but resolves gratefully to return it. If a Pharisee give alms in pride, though God will not reward him, yet he that receives the alms ought to return thanks for it. God knows the heart, but we do not. 2. The particular instance of respect was sending an embassy to condole with him on his father's death, as is common among princes in alliance with each other: David sent to comfort him. Note, It is a comfort to children, when their parents are dead, to find that their parents' friends are theirs, and that they intend to keep up an acquaintance with them. It is a comfort to mourners to find that there are those who mourn with them, are sensible of their loss and share with them in it. It is a comfort to those who are honouring the memory of their deceased relations to find there are others who likewise honour it and who had a value for those whom they valued. II. The great affront which Hanun the king of the Ammonites put upon David in his ambassadors. 1. He hearkened to the spiteful suggestio…
Відкрити джерело ↗10:1-19 Following the interlude of ch 9, the narrative returns to David’s military feats. The Ammonites were likely the dominant political power in Transjordan (the area east of the Jordan) during Saul’s reign and the early years of David’s reign. 10:1-5 The king of Ammon insulted David’s ambassadors, which led to two battles between Israel and Ammon (10:6–12:31). 10:1 Some time after this: King Hadadezer appears in 10:1-19 as David’s active and capable foe (10:16), yet in 8:1-18 David had defeated him (8:3) and plundered his city (8:7, 12). Either Hadadezer was still alive, had regrouped, and revolted in 10:1-19; or possibly 10:1-19 unpacks the events of 8:1-18 as a prelude to 11:1-27.
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Єврейські та грецькі слова за цим уривком, із номерами Стронга — від openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill חָנוּן (Chânûwn, H2586) — Chanun, the name of an Ammonite and of two Israelites מָלַךְ (mâlak, H4427) — to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence…
Відкрити джерело ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application חֵסֵד (chêçêd, H2617) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or… חָנוּן (Chânûwn, H2586) — Chanun, the name of an Ammonite and of two Israelites בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… נָחָשׁ (Nâchâsh, H5176) — Nachash, the name of two persons apparently non-Israelite אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) נָחַם (nâcham, H5162) — properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a… יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), עֶבֶד (ʻebed, H5650) — a servant בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
Відкрити джерело ↗שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) חָנוּן (Chânûwn, H2586) — Chanun, the name of an Ammonite and of two Israelites אָדוֹן (ʼâdôwn, H113) — sovereign, i.e. controller (human or divine) עַיִן (ʻayin, H5869) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse כָּבַד (kâbad, H3513) — to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous,… אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) נָחַם (nâcham, H5162) — properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a… עֶבֶד (ʻebed, H5650) — a servant עָבוּר (ʻâbûwr, H5668) — properly, crossed, i.e. (abstractly) transit; used only adverbially, on account of, in…
Відкрити джерело ↗חָנוּן (Chânûwn, H2586) — Chanun, the name of an Ammonite and of two Israelites לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse עֶבֶד (ʻebed, H5650) — a servant גָּלַח (gâlach, H1548) — properly, to be bald, i.e. (causatively) to shave; figuratively to lay waste חֵצִי (chêtsîy, H2677) — the half or middle זָקָן (zâqân, H2206) — the beard (as indicating age) כָּרַת (kârath, H3772) — to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to… מֶדֶו (medev, H4063) — properly, extent, i.e. measure; by implication, a dress (as measured) שֵׁתָה (shêthâh, H8357) — the seat (of the person) שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
Відкрити джерело ↗נָגַד (nâgad, H5046) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to… דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) קִרְאָה (qirʼâh, H7125) — an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite) אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) מְאֹד (mᵉʼôd, H3966) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication,… כָּלַם (kâlam, H3637) — properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… יְרִיחוֹ (Yᵉrîychôw, H3405) — Jericho or Jerecho, a place in Palestine זָקָן (zâqân, H2206) — the beard (as indicating age) צָמַח (tsâmach, H6779) — to sprout (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative) שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not…
Відкрити джерело ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… בָּאַשׁ (bâʼash, H887) — to smell bad; figuratively, to be offensive morally דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) שָׂכַר (sâkar, H7936) — to hire אֲרָם (ʼĂrâm, H758) — Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of… בֵּית רְחוֹב (Bêyth Rᵉchôwb, H1050) — Beth-Rechob, a place in Palestine צוֹבָא (Tsôwbâʼ, H6678) — Zoba or Zobah, a region of Syria עֶשְׂרִים (ʻesrîym, H6242) — twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth אֶלֶף (ʼeleph, H505) — hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as… רַגְלִי (raglîy, H7273) — a footman (soldier) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king
Відкрити джерело ↗דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) יוֹאָב (Yôwʼâb, H3097) — Joab, the name of three Israelites צָבָא (tsâbâʼ, H6635) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized forwar (an army);… גִּבּוֹר (gibbôwr, H1368) — powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
Відкрити джерело ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… מִלְחָמָה (milchâmâh, H4421) — a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare) עָרַךְ (ʻârak, H6186) — to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications) פֶּתַח (pethach, H6607) — an opening (literally), i.e. door (gate) or entrance way שַׁעַר (shaʻar, H8179) — an opening, i.e. door or gate אֲרָם (ʼĂrâm, H758) — Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of… צוֹבָא (Tsôwbâʼ, H6678) — Zoba or Zobah, a region of Syria רְחֹב (Rᵉchôb, H7340) — Rechob, the name of a place in Syria, also of a Syrian and an Israelite אִישׁ־טוֹב (ʼÎysh-Ṭôwb, H382) — Ish-Tob, a place in Palestine מַעֲכָה (Maʻăkâh, H4601) — Maakah (or Maakath), the name of a place in Syria, also of a Mesopotamian, of three… בַּד (bad, H905) — properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of atree, bar… שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat)
Відкрити джерело ↗יוֹאָב (Yôwʼâb, H3097) — Joab, the name of three Israelites רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… מִלְחָמָה (milchâmâh, H4421) — a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare) אָחוֹר (ʼâchôwr, H268) — the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the West בָּחַר (bâchar, H977) — properly, to try, i.e. (by implication) select יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity עָרַךְ (ʻârak, H6186) — to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications) קִרְאָה (qirʼâh, H7125) — an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite) אֲרָם (ʼĂrâm, H758) — Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of…
Відкрити джерело ↗יֶתֶר (yether, H3499) — properly, an overhanging, i.e. (by implication) an excess, superiority, remainder; also a… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), אֲבִישַׁי (ʼĂbîyshay, H52) — Abishai, an Israelite אָח (ʼâch, H251) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or… עָרַךְ (ʻârak, H6186) — to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications) קִרְאָה (qirʼâh, H7125) — an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country
Відкрити джерело ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) אֲרָם (ʼĂrâm, H758) — Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of… חָזַק (châzaq, H2388) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively… יְשׁוּעָה (yᵉshûwʻâh, H3444) — something saved, i.e. (abstractly) deliverance; hence, aid, victory, prosperity בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country הָלַךְ (hâlak, H1980) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) יָשַׁע (yâshaʻ, H3467) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to…
Відкрити джерело ↗חָזַק (châzaq, H2388) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application עַיִן (ʻayin, H5869) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the…
Відкрити джерело ↗יוֹאָב (Yôwʼâb, H3097) — Joab, the name of three Israelites נָגַשׁ (nâgash, H5066) — to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… מִלְחָמָה (milchâmâh, H4421) — a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare) אֲרָם (ʼĂrâm, H758) — Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of… נוּס (nûwç, H5127) — to flit, i.e. vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver) פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and…
Відкрити джерело ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… עַמּוֹן (ʻAmmôwn, H5983) — Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… אֲרָם (ʼĂrâm, H758) — Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of… נוּס (nûwç, H5127) — to flit, i.e. vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver) פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… אֲבִישַׁי (ʼĂbîyshay, H52) — Abishai, an Israelite בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… יוֹאָב (Yôwʼâb, H3097) — Joab, the name of three Israelites שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
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