Luke 22
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Commentaries
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The feast of unleavened bread, etc. - See this largely explained, Exo 23:14 (note); Leviticus 23:2-40 (note), and on Mat 26:2 (note).
Open source ↗CONSPIRACY OF THE JEWISH AUTHORITIES TO PUT JESUS TO DEATH--COMPACT WITH JUDAS. (Luk 22:1-6) (See on Mat 26:1-5.)
Open source ↗Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh,.... Which lasted seven days; during which the Jews eat their bread without leaven, in commemoration of the haste in which they went out of Egypt; being such, that they had not time to leaven their dough, but took it with their kneadingtroughs along with them, as it was; and as figurative of the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth, with which the Gospel feast is to be kept; see Exo 12:34. Which is called the passover; because the Lord passed over the houses of the Israelites, when he slew all the firstborn in Egypt; now the time of this feast drew near, when the conspiracy was formed against the life of Christ: Matthew and Mark are more precise, and suggest, that it was two days before the passover; see Mat 26:2.
Open source ↗The year of the redeemed is now come, which had been from eternity fixed in the divine counsels, and long looked for by them that waited for the consolation of Israel. After the revolutions of many ages, it is at length come, Isa 63:4. And, it is observable, it is in the very first month of that year that the redemption is wrought out, so much in haste was the Redeemer to perform his undertaking, so was he straitened till it was accomplished. It was in the same month, and at the same time of the month (in the beginning of months, Exo 12:2), that God by Moses brought Israel out of Egypt, that the Antitype might answer the type. Christ is here delivered up, when the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, Luk 22:1. About as long before that feast as they began to make preparation for it, here was preparation making for our Passover's being offered for us. Here we have, I. His sworn enemies contriving it (Luk 22:2), the chief priests, men of sanctity, and the scribes, men of learning, seeking how they might kill him, either by force of fraud. Could they have had their will, it had been soon done, but they feared the people, and the more for what they now saw of their diligent attendance upon his preaching. II. A treacherous disciple joining in with them, and coming to their assistance, Judas surnamed Iscariot. He is here said to be of the number of the twelve, that dignified distinguished number. One would wonder that Christ, who knew all men, should take a traitor into that number, and that one of that number, who could not but know Christ, should be so base as to betray him; but Christ had wise and holy ends in taking Judas to be a disciple, and how he who knew Christ so well yet came to betray him we are here told: Satan entered into Judas, Luk 22:3. It was the devil's wor…
Open source ↗22:1-6 The religious leaders who had been plotting against Jesus (see 19:47) found their opportunity when Judas Iscariot approached them with an offer to betray Jesus. 22:1 The Passover meal was held on the 15th of Nisan (March~April) in the Jewish calendar and was immediately followed by the seven-day Festival of Unleavened Bread (Exod 12:1-20; 23:15; 34:18; Deut 16:1-8), sometimes also called Passover.
Open source ↗Original language
The Hebrew and Greek words behind this passage, with Strong's numbers — from openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἑορτή (heortḗ, G1859) — a festival ἄζυμος (ázymos, G106) — unleavened, i.e. (figuratively) uncorrupted; (in the neutral plural) specially (by… ἐγγίζω (engízō, G1448) — to make near, i.e. (reflexively) approach λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… πάσχα (páscha, G3957) — the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀρχιερεύς (archiereús, G749) — the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest γραμματεύς (grammateús, G1122) ζητέω (zētéō, G2212) — to seek (literally or figuratively); specially, (by Hebraism) to worship (God), or (in a… πῶς (pōs, G4459) — an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect,… ἀναιρέω (anairéō, G337) — to take up, i.e. adopt; by implication, to take away (violently), i.e. abolish, murder αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… φοβέω (phobéō, G5399) — to frighten, i.e. (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e. revere λαός (laós, G2992) — a people (in general; thus differing from G1218 (δῆμος), which denotes one's own populace)
Open source ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) Σατανᾶς (Satanâs, G4567) — the accuser, i.e. the devil εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… Ἰούδας (Ioúdas, G2455) — Judas (i.e. Jehudah), the name of ten Israelites; also of the posterity of one of them… ἐπικαλέομαι (epikaléomai, G1941) — to entitle; by implication, to invoke (for aid, worship, testimony, decision, etc.) Ἰσκαριώτης (Iskariṓtēs, G2469) — inhabitant of Kerioth; Iscariotes (i.e. Keriothite), an epithet of Judas the traitor ὤν (ṓn, G5607) — being ἐκ (ek, G1537) — literal or figurative; direct or remote) ἀριθμός (arithmós, G706) — a number (as reckoned up) δώδεκα (dṓdeka, G1427) — two and ten, i.e. a dozen
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀπέρχομαι (apérchomai, G565) — to go off (i.e. depart), aside (i.e. apart) or behind (i.e. follow), literally or… συλλαλέω (syllaléō, G4814) — to talk together, i.e. converse ἀρχιερεύς (archiereús, G749) — the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest στρατηγός (stratēgós, G4755) — a general, i.e. (by implication or analogy) a (military) governor (prætor), the chief… πῶς (pōs, G4459) — an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect,… παραδίδωμι (paradídōmi, G3860) — to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the…
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… χαίρω (chaírō, G5463) — to be "cheer"ful, i.e. calmly happy or well-off; impersonally, especially as salutation… συντίθεμαι (syntíthemai, G4934) — to place jointly, i.e. (figuratively) to consent (bargain, stipulate), concur δίδωμι (dídōmi, G1325) — to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἀργύριον (argýrion, G694) — silvery, i.e. (by implication) cash; specially, a silverling (i.e. drachma or shekel)
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐξομολογέω (exomologéō, G1843) — to acknowledge or (by implication, of assent) agree fully ζητέω (zētéō, G2212) — to seek (literally or figuratively); specially, (by Hebraism) to worship (God), or (in a… εὐκαιρία (eukairía, G2120) — a favorable occasion παραδίδωμι (paradídōmi, G3860) — to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἄτερ (áter, G817) — aloof, i.e. apart from (literally or figuratively) ὄχλος (óchlos, G3793) — a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people;…
Open source ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) ἡμέρα (hēméra, G2250) — day, i.e. (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but… ἄζυμος (ázymos, G106) — unleavened, i.e. (figuratively) uncorrupted; (in the neutral plural) specially (by… ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that πάσχα (páscha, G3957) — the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it) δεῖ (deî, G1163) — also deon deh-on'; neuter active participle of the same; both used impersonally; it is… θύω (thýō, G2380) — properly, to rush (breathe hard, blow, smoke), i.e. (by implication) to sacrifice…
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… Πέτρος (Pétros, G4074) — a (piece of) rock (larger than G3037 (λίθος)); as a name, Petrus, an apostle Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs, G2491) — Joannes (i.e. Jochanan), the name of four Israelites ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) πορεύομαι (poreúomai, G4198) — to traverse, i.e. travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove (figuratively,… ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimázō, G2090) — to prepare ἡμῖν (hēmîn, G2254) — to (or for, with, by) us πάσχα (páscha, G3957) — the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it) ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) φάγω (phágō, G5315) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
Open source ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ποῦ (poû, G4226) — as adverb of place; at (by implication, to) what locality θέλω (thélō, G2309) — to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas G1014 (βούλομαι)… ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimázō, G2090) — to prepare
Open source ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἰδού (idoú, G2400) — used as imperative lo!; ὑμῶν (hymōn, G5216) — of (from or concerning) you εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… πόλις (pólis, G4172) — a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size) συναντάω (synantáō, G4876) — to meet with; figuratively, to occur ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, G444) — from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)); man-faced, i.e. a human being ὑμῖν (hymîn, G5213) — to (with or by) you βαστάζω (bastázō, G941) — to lift, literally or figuratively (endure, declare, sustain, receive, etc.) κεράμιον (kerámion, G2765) — an earthenware vessel, i.e. jar ὕδωρ (hýdōr, G5204) — water (as if rainy) literally or figuratively
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐρέω (eréō, G2046) — an alternate for G2036 (ἔπω) in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say οἰκοδεσπότης (oikodespótēs, G3617) — the head of a family οἰκία (oikía, G3614) — properly, residence (abstractly), but usually (concretely) an abode (literally or… διδάσκαλος (didáskalos, G1320) — an instructor (genitive case or specially) λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… σοί (soí, G4671) — to thee ποῦ (poû, G4226) — as adverb of place; at (by implication, to) what locality ἐστί (estí, G2076) — he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are κατάλυμα (katályma, G2646) — properly, a dissolution (breaking up of a journey), i.e. (by implication) a lodging-place ὅπου (hópou, G3699) — what(-ever) where, i.e. at whichever spot φάγω (phágō, G5315) — to eat (literally or figuratively) πάσχα (páscha, G3957) — the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it) μετά (metá, G3326) — properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according…
Open source ↗κἀκεῖνος (kakeînos, G2548) — likewise that (or those) δεικνύω (deiknýō, G1166) — to show (literally or figuratively) ὑμῖν (hymîn, G5213) — to (with or by) you μέγας (mégas, G3173) — big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application) ἀνώγεον (anṓgeon, G508) — above the ground, i.e. (properly) the second floor of a building; used for a dome or a… στρώννυμι (strṓnnymi, G4766) — to "strew," i.e. spread (as a carpet or couch) ἐκεῖ (ekeî, G1563) — there; by extension, thither ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimázō, G2090) — to prepare
Open source ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἀπέρχομαι (apérchomai, G565) — to go off (i.e. depart), aside (i.e. apart) or behind (i.e. follow), literally or… εὑρίσκω (heurískō, G2147) — to find (literally or figuratively) καθώς (kathṓs, G2531) — just (or inasmuch) as, that ἐρέω (eréō, G2046) — an alternate for G2036 (ἔπω) in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimázō, G2090) — to prepare πάσχα (páscha, G3957) — the Passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)
Open source ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ὅτε (hóte, G3753) — at which (thing) too, i.e. when ὥρα (hṓra, G5610) — an "hour" (literally or figuratively) γίνομαι (gínomai, G1096) — to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with… ἀναπίπτω (anapíptō, G377) — to fall back, i.e. lie down, lean back δώδεκα (dṓdeka, G1427) — two and ten, i.e. a dozen ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, G652) — a delegate; specially, an ambassador of the Gospel; officially a commissioner of Christ… σύν (sýn, G4862) — with or together (but much closer than G3326 (μετά) or G3844 (παρά)), i.e. by… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the…
Open source ↗Cross-references
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