II Chronicles 23
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Commentaries
Excerpts gathered from published commentaries to ground the reading.
And in the seventh year - See on Kg2 11:4 (note), etc.
Open source ↗JEHOIADA MAKES JOASH KING. (Ch2 23:1-11) in the seventh year Jehoiada . . . took the captains of hundreds, &c.--(See on Kg2 11:4; Kg2 11:17). The five officers mentioned here had been probably of the royal guard, and were known to be strongly disaffected to the government of Athaliah.
Open source ↗The contents of this chapter are the same with Kg2 11:4 and need no other explanation than what may be found in the notes there, to which the reader is referred.See Gill on Kg2 11:4. See Gill on Kg2 11:5. See Gill on Kg2 11:6. See Gill on Kg2 11:7. See Gill on Kg2 11:8. See Gill on Kg2 11:9. See Gill on Kg2 11:10. See Gill on Kg2 11:11. See Gill on Kg2 11:12. See Gill on Kg2 11:13. See Gill on Kg2 11:14. See Gill on Kg2 11:15. See Gill on Kg2 11:16. See Gill on Kg2 11:17. See Gill on Kg2 11:18. See Gill on Kg2 11:19. See Gill on Kg2 11:20. Next: 2 Chronicles Chapter 24
Open source ↗The reign of Joash; cf. 2 Kings 12. - In both accounts only two main events in Joash's reign of forty years are narrated at any length, - the repair of the temple, and the campaign of the Syrian king Hazael against Jerusalem. Besides this, at the beginning, we have a statement as to the duration and spirit of his reign; and in conclusion, the murder of Joash in consequence of a conspiracy is mentioned. Both accounts agree in all essential points, but are shown to be extracts containing the most important part of a more complete history of Joash, by the fact that, on the one hand, in 2 Kings 12 single circumstances are communicated in a more detailed and more exact form than that in which the Chronicle states them; while, on the other hand, the account of the Chronicle supplements the account in 2 Kings 12 in many respects. To these latter belong the account of the marriage of Joash, and his many children, the account of the death of Jehoiada at the age of 130 years, and his honourable burial with the kings, etc.; see on Ch2 24:15.
Open source ↗We may well imagine the bad posture of affairs in Jerusalem during Athaliah's six years' usurpation, and may wonder that God permitted it and his people bore it so long; but after such a dark and tedious night the returning day in this revolution was the brighter and the more welcome. The continuance of David's seed and throne was what God had sworn by his holiness (Psa 89:35), and an interruption was no defeasance; the stream of government here runs again in the right channel. The instrument and chief manager of the restoration is Jehoiada, who appears to have been, 1. A man of great prudence, who reserved the young prince for so many years till he was fit to appear in public, and till the nation had grown weary of the usurper, who prepared his work beforehand, and then effected it with admirable secresy and expedition. When God has work to do he will qualify and animate men for it. 2. A man of great interest. The captains joined with him, Ch2 23:1. The Levites and the chief of the fathers of Israel came at his call to Jerusalem (Ch2 23:2) and were there ready to receive his orders. See what a command wisdom and virtue will give men. The Levites and all Judah did as Jehoiada commanded (Ch2 23:8), and, which is strange, all that were entrusted with the secret kept their own counsel till it was executed. Thus the words of the wise are heard in quiet, Ecc 9:17. 3. A man of great faith. It was not only common equity (much less his wife's relation to the royal family) that put him upon this undertaking, but a regard to the word of God, and the divine entail of the crown (Ch2 23:3): The king's son shall reign, must reign, as the Lord hath said. His eye to the promise, and dependence upon that, added a great deal of glory to this undertaking. 4. A man of great religion. This…
Open source ↗23:1-3 Jehoiada . . . made a pact or covenant with key military officers, who solicited broad popular support among the Levites and clan leaders. The content of the people’s pact with Joash was expressed in Jehoiada’s declaration that the son of the king must become king.
Open source ↗Original language
The Hebrew and Greek words behind this passage, with Strong's numbers — from openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
שְׁבִיעִי (shᵉbîyʻîy, H7637) — seventh שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) יְהוֹיָדָע (Yᵉhôwyâdâʻ, H3077) — Jehojada, the name of three Israelites חָזַק (châzaq, H2388) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively… לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) מֵאָה (mêʼâh, H3967) — a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction עֲזַרְיָה (ʻĂzaryâh, H5838) — Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יְרֹחָם (Yᵉrôchâm, H3395) — Jerocham, the name of seven or eight Israelites יִשְׁמָעֵאל (Yishmâʻêʼl, H3458) — Jishmael, the name of Abraham's oldest son, and of five Israelites יְהוֹחָנָן (Yᵉhôwchânân, H3076) — Jehochanan, the name of eight Israelites עוֹבֵד (ʻÔwbêd, H5744) — Obed, the name of five Israelites מַעֲשֵׂיָה (Maʻăsêyâh, H4641) — Maasejah, the name of sixteen Israelites
Open source ↗סָבַב (çâbab, H5437) — to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… קָבַץ (qâbats, H6908) — to grasp, i.e. collect לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
Open source ↗קָהָל (qâhâl, H6951) — assemblage (usually concretely) כָּרַת (kârath, H3772) — to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to… בְּרִית (bᵉrîyth, H1285) — a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… מָלַךְ (mâlak, H4427) — to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse
Open source ↗דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application שְׁלִישִׁי (shᵉlîyshîy, H7992) — third; feminine athird (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a… בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) שַׁבָּת (shabbâth, H7676) — intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi שׁוֹעֵר (shôwʻêr, H7778) — a janitor סַף (çaph, H5592) — a vestibule (as a limit); also a dish (for holding blood or wine)
Open source ↗שְׁלִישִׁי (shᵉlîyshîy, H7992) — third; feminine athird (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) שַׁעַר (shaʻar, H8179) — an opening, i.e. door or gate יְסוֹד (yᵉçôwd, H3247) — a foundation (literally or figuratively) עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… חָצֵר (châtsêr, H2691) — a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God
Open source ↗בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… שָׁרַת (shârath, H8334) — to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi קֹדֶשׁ (qôdesh, H6944) — a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… שָׁמַר (shâmar, H8104) — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to,… מִשְׁמֶרֶת (mishmereth, H4931) — watch, i.e. the act (custody), or (concretely) the sentry, the post; objectively…
Open source ↗לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi נָקַף (nâqaph, H5362) — to strike with more or less violence (beat, fell, corrode); by implication (of attack) to… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king סָבִיב (çâbîyb, H5439) — (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… כְּלִי (kᵉlîy, H3627) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon) יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and…
Open source ↗לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application יְהוֹיָדָע (Yᵉhôwyâdâʻ, H3077) — Jehojada, the name of three Israelites כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… צָוָה (tsâvâh, H6680) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) שַׁבָּת (shabbâth, H7676) — intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… פָּטוּר (pâṭûwr, H6358) — opened, i.e. (as noun) a bud מַחֲלֹקֶת (machălôqeth, H4256) — a section (of Levites, people or soldiers)
Open source ↗יְהוֹיָדָע (Yᵉhôwyâdâʻ, H3077) — Jehojada, the name of three Israelites כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) מֵאָה (mêʼâh, H3967) — a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction חֲנִית (chănîyth, H2595) — a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent) מָגֵן (mâgên, H4043) — a shield (i.e. the small one or buckler); figuratively, a protector; also the scaly hide… שֶׁלֶט (sheleṭ, H7982) — probably a shield (as controlling, i.e. protecting the person) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with…
Open source ↗עָמַד (ʻâmad, H5975) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… שֶׁלַח (shelach, H7973) — a missile of attack, i.e. spear; also (figuratively) a shoot of growth; i.e. branch יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), יְמָנִי (yᵉmânîy, H3233) — right (i.e. at the right hand) כָּתֵף (kâthêph, H3802) — the shoulder (proper, i.e. upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments… בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) שְׂמָאלִי (sᵉmâʼlîy, H8042) — situated on the left side מִזְבֵּחַ (mizbêach, H4196) — an altar מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king סָבִיב (çâbîyb, H5439) — (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without…
Open source ↗יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) נֶזֶר (nezer, H5145) — properly, something set apart, i.e. (abstractly) dedication (of a priet or Nazirite);… עֵדוּת (ʻêdûwth, H5715) — testimony מָלַךְ (mâlak, H4427) — to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence… יְהוֹיָדָע (Yᵉhôwyâdâʻ, H3077) — Jehojada, the name of three Israelites מָשַׁח (mâshach, H4886) — to rub with oil, i.e. to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) חָיָה (châyâh, H2421) — to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
Open source ↗עֲתַלְיָה (ʻĂthalyâh, H6271) — Athaljah, the name of an Israelitess and two Israelites שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… קוֹל (qôwl, H6963) — a voice or sound עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… רוּץ (rûwts, H7323) — to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush) הָלַל (hâlal, H1984) — to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make ashow, to… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God
Open source ↗רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king עָמַד (ʻâmad, H5975) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) עַמּוּד (ʻammûwd, H5982) — a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e. platform מָבוֹא (mâbôwʼ, H3996) — an entrance (the place or the act); specifically sunset or the west; also (adverb with… שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) חֲצֹצְרָה (chătsôtsᵉrâh, H2689) — a trumpet (from its sundered or quavering note) עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) שָׂמֵחַ (sâmêach, H8056) — blithe or gleeful תָּקַע (tâqaʻ, H8628) — to clatter, i.e. slap (the hands together), clang (an instrument); by analogy, to drive… שִׁיר (shîyr, H7891) — to sing כְּלִי (kᵉlîy, H3627) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon) שִׁיר (shîyr, H7892) — a song; abstractly, singing
Open source ↗יְהוֹיָדָע (Yᵉhôwyâdâʻ, H3077) — Jehojada, the name of three Israelites כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) מֵאָה (mêʼâh, H3967) — a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction פָּקַד (pâqad, H6485) — to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care… חַיִל (chayil, H2428) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue,… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) שְׂדֵרָה (sᵉdêrâh, H7713) — a row, i.e. rank (of soldiers), story (of rooms) בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill חֶרֶב (chereb, H2719) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or…
Open source ↗Cross-references
Other passages the community most often connects to this one. Tap to read.
Then they entered into a covenant to seek the LORD, the God of their fathers, with all their heart and soul.
In view of all this, we make a binding agreement, putting it in writing and sealing it with the names of our leaders, Levites, and priests.”
Then Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself.