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Genesis 14:9

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against Chedorlaomer king of Elam, Tidal king of Goiim, Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar—four kings against five.

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Commentaries

Excerpts gathered from published commentaries to ground the reading.

Matthew Henry Bible Commentaryv. 9

We have four things in the story of this chapter. I. A war with the king of Sodom and his allies (Gen 14:1-11). II. The captivity of Lot in that war (Gen 14:12). III. Abram's rescue of Lot from that captivity, with the victory he obtained over the conquerors (Gen 14:13-16). IV. Abram's return from the expedition (Gen 14:17), with an account of what passed, 1. Between him and the king of Salem (Gen 14:18-20). 2. Between him and the king of Sodom (Gen 14:21-24). So that here we have that promise to Abram in part fulfilled, that God would make his name great.

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Original language

The Hebrew and Greek words behind this passage, with Strong's numbers — from openscriptures (CC BY-SA).

Strong's Concordancev. 9

כְּדׇרְלָעֹמֶר (Kᵉdorlâʻômer, H3540) — Kedorlaomer, an early Persian king מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king עֵילָם (ʻÊylâm, H5867) — Elam, a son of Shem and his descendants, with their country; also of six Israelites תִּדְעָל (Tidʻâl, H8413) — Tidal, a Canaanite גּוֹי (gôwy, H1471) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight… אַמְרָפֶל (ʼAmrâphel, H569) — Amraphel, a king of Shinar שִׁנְעָר (Shinʻâr, H8152) — Shinar, a plain in Babylonia אֲרְיוֹךְ (ʼĂryôwk, H746) — Arjok, the name of two Babylonians אֶלָּסָר (ʼEllâçâr, H495) — Ellasar, an early country of Asia אַרְבַּע (ʼarbaʻ, H702) — four חָמֵשׁ (châmêsh, H2568) — five

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