Rut 1
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When the judges ruled - We know not under what judge this happened; some say under Ehud, others under Shamgar. See the preface. There was a famine - Probably occasioned by the depredations of the Philistines, Ammonites, etc., carrying off the corn as soon as it was ripe, or destroying it on the field. The Targum says: "God has decreed ten grievous famines to take place in the world, to punish the inhabitants of the earth, before the coming of Messiah the king. The first in the days of Adam; the second in the days of Lamech; the third in the days of Abraham; the fourth in the days of Isaac; the fifth in the days of Jacob; the sixth in the days of Boaz, who is called Abstan, (Ibzan), the just, of Beth-lehem-judah; the seventh in the days of David, king of Israel; the eighth in the days of Elijah the prophet; the ninth in the days of Elisha, in Samaria; the tenth is yet to come, and it is not a famine of bread or of water but of hearing the word of prophecy from the mouth of the Lord; and even now this famine is grievous in the land of Israel."
Quelle öffnen ↗ELIMELECH, DRIVEN BY FAMINE INTO MOAB, DIES THERE. (Rut 1:1-5) in the days when the judges ruled--The beautiful and interesting story which this book relates belongs to the early times of the judges. The precise date cannot be ascertained.
Quelle öffnen ↗Now it came to pass, in the days when the judges ruled,.... So that it appears that this history is of time and things after the affair of Micah, and of the concubine of the Levite, and of the war between Israel and Benjamin; for in those times there was no king nor judge in Israel; but to what time of the judges, and which government of theirs it belongs to, is not agreed on. Josephus (o) places it in the government of Eli, but that is too late for Boaz, the grandfather of Jesse, the father of David, to live. Some Jewish writers, as Jarchi, say it was in the times of Ibzan, who they say (p) is the same with Boaz, but without proof, and which times are too late also for this history. The Jewish chronology (q) comes nearer the truth, which carries it up as high as the times of Eglon, king of Moab, when Ehud was judge; and with which Dr. Lightfoot (r) pretty much agrees, who puts this history between the third and fourth chapters of Judges, and so must belong to the times of Ehud or Shamgar. Junius refers it to the times of Deborah and Barak; and others (s), on account of the famine, think it began in the times the Midianites oppressed Israel, and carried off the fruits of the earth, which caused it, when Gideon was raised up to be their judge; Alting (t) places it in the time of Jephthah; such is the uncertainty about the time referred to: that there was a famine in the land; the land of Canaan, that very fruitful country. The Targum says this was the sixth famine that had been in the world, and it was in the days of Boaz, who is called Ibzan the just, and who was of Bethlehemjudah; but it is more probable that it was in the days of Gideon, as before observed, than in the days of Ibzan and a certain man of Bethlehemjudah; so called to distinguish it from another Bethlehe…
Quelle öffnen ↗Elimelech's Emigration (Rut 1:1, Rut 1:2). - By the word ויהי the following account is attached to other well-known events (see at Jos 1:1); and by the definite statement, "in the days when judges judged," it is assigned to the period of the judges generally. "A famine in the land," i.e., in the land of Israel, and not merely in the neighbourhood of Bethlehem. The time of this famine cannot be determined with certainty, although it seems very natural to connect it, as Seb. Schmidt and others do, with the devastation of the land by the Midianites (Judg 6); and there are several things which favour this. For example, the famine must have been a very serious one, and not only have extended over the whole of the land of Israel, but have lasted several years, since it compelled Elimelech to emigrate into the land of the Moabites; and it was not till ten years had elapsed, that his wife Naomi, who survived him, heard that Jehovah had given His people bread again, and returned to her native land (Rut 1:4, Rut 1:5).Now the Midianites oppressed Israel for seven years, and their invasions were generally attended by a destruction of the produce of the soil (Jdg 6:3-4), from which famine must necessarily have ensued. Moreover, they extended their devastations as far as Gaza (Jdg 6:4). And although it by no means follows with certainty from this, that they also came into the neighbourhood of Bethlehem, it is still less possible to draw the opposite conclusion, as Bertheau does, from the fact they encamped in the valley of Jezreel (Jdg 6:33), and were defeated there by Gideon, namely, that they did not devastate the mountains of Judah, because the road from the plain of Jezreel to Gaza did not lie across those mountains. There is just as little force in the other objection raised by…
Quelle öffnen ↗The first words give all the date we have of this story. It was in the days when the judges ruled (Rut 1:1), not in those disorderly times when there was no king in Israel; but under which of the judges these things happened we are not told, and the conjectures of the learned are very uncertain. It must have been towards the beginning of the judges' time, for Boaz, who married Ruth, was born of Rahab, who received the spies in Joshua's time. Some think it was in the days of Ehud, others of Deborah; the learned bishop Patrick inclines to think it was in the days of Gideon, because in his days only we read of a famine by the Midianites' invasion, Jdg 6:3, Jdg 6:4. While the judges were ruling, some one city and some another, Providence takes particular cognizance of Bethlehem, and has an eye to a King, to Messiah himself, who should descend from two Gentile mothers, Rahab and Ruth. Here is, I. A famine in the land, in the land of Canaan, that land flowing with milk and honey. This was one of the judgments which God had threatened to bring upon them for their sins, Lev 26:19, Lev 26:20. He has many arrows in his quiver. In the days of the judges they were oppressed by their enemies; and, when by that judgment they were not reformed, God tried this, for when he judges he will overcome. When the land had rest, yet it had not plenty; even in Bethlehem, which signifies the house of bread, there was scarcity. A fruitful land is turned into barrenness, to correct and restrain the luxury and wantonness of those that dwell therein. II. An account of one particular family distressed in the famine; it is that of Elimelech. His name signifies my God a king, agreeable to the state of Israel when the judges ruled, for the Lord was their King, and comfortable to him and his family in th…
Quelle öffnen ↗1:1 The judges ruled from the death of Joshua (about 1376 or 1200 BC) to the beginning of Saul’s reign as king (about 1050 BC). The events in Ruth occurred around 1100 BC. • Famine in Israel’s hill country was usually caused by drought. • Bethlehem was a small town in the hill country of northern Judah. • Moab, the land southeast of Judah, sometimes received sufficient rain when Judah did not.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… שָׁפַט (shâphaṭ, H8199) — to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or… רָעָב (râʻâb, H7458) — hunger (more or less extensive) אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… בֵּית לֶחֶם (Bêyth Lechem, H1035) — Beth-Lechem, a place in Palestine יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) גּוּר (gûwr, H1481) — properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn… שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat) מוֹאָב (Môwʼâb, H4124) — Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative…
Quelle öffnen ↗שֵׁם (shêm, H8034) — an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority,… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (ʼĔlîymelek, H458) — Elimelek, an Israelite אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman נׇעֳמִי (Noʻŏmîy, H5281) — Noomi, an Israelitess שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… מַחְלוֹן (Machlôwn, H4248) — Machlon, an Israelite כִּלְיוֹן (Kilyôwn, H3630) — Kiljon, an Israelite אֶפְרָתִי (ʼEphrâthîy, H673) — an Ephrathite or an Ephraimite בֵּית לֶחֶם (Bêyth Lechem, H1035) — Beth-Lechem, a place in Palestine יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat)
Quelle öffnen ↗אֱלִימֶלֶךְ (ʼĔlîymelek, H458) — Elimelek, an Israelite נׇעֳמִי (Noʻŏmîy, H5281) — Noomi, an Israelitess אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill שָׁאַר (shâʼar, H7604) — properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative…
Quelle öffnen ↗נָשָׂא (nâsâʼ, H5375) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman מוֹאָבִי (Môwʼâbîy, H4125) — a Moabite or Moabitess, i.e. a descendant from Moab שֵׁם (shêm, H8034) — an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority,… אֶחָד (ʼechâd, H259) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first עׇרְפָּה (ʻOrpâh, H6204) — Orpah, a Moabites שֵׁנִי (shênîy, H8145) — properly, double, i.e. second; also adverbially, again רוּת (Rûwth, H7327) — Ruth, a Moabitess יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… עֶשֶׂר (ʻeser, H6235) — ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits) שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time)
Quelle öffnen ↗מַחְלוֹן (Machlôwn, H4248) — Machlon, an Israelite כִּלְיוֹן (Kilyôwn, H3630) — Kiljon, an Israelite מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman שָׁאַר (shâʼar, H7604) — properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant יֶלֶד (yeled, H3206) — something born, i.e. a lad or offspring אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term…
Quelle öffnen ↗קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) כַּלָּה (kallâh, H3618) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat) מוֹאָב (Môwʼâb, H4124) — Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God פָּקַד (pâqad, H6485) — to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) לֶחֶם (lechem, H3899) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
Quelle öffnen ↗יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… מָקוֹם (mâqôwm, H4725) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific);… שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold כַּלָּה (kallâh, H3618) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) דֶּרֶךְ (derek, H1870) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the…
Quelle öffnen ↗נׇעֳמִי (Noʻŏmîy, H5281) — Noomi, an Israelitess אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold כַּלָּה (kallâh, H3618) — a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman אֵם (ʼêm, H517) — a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively… בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application חֵסֵד (chêçêd, H2617) — kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or… מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) מָצָא (mâtsâʼ, H4672) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or… מְנוּחָה (mᵉnûwchâh, H4496) — repose or (adverbially) peacefully; figuratively, consolation (specifically, matrimony);… אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… נָשַׁק (nâshaq, H5401) — to kiss, literally or figuratively (touch); also (as a mode of attachment), to equip with… נָשָׂא (nâsâʼ, H5375) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative קוֹל (qôwl, H6963) — a voice or sound בָּכָה (bâkâh, H1058) — to weep; generally to bemoan
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence…
Quelle öffnen ↗נׇעֳמִי (Noʻŏmîy, H5281) — Noomi, an Israelitess אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… מֵעֶה (mêʻeh, H4578) — used only in plural the intestines, or (collectively) the abdomen, figuratively,… אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively)
Quelle öffnen ↗שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) זָקֵן (zâqên, H2204) — to be old אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) יֵשׁ (yêsh, H3426) — there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection) תִּקְוָה (tiqvâh, H8615) — literally a cord (as an attachment); figuratively, expectancy לַיִל (layil, H3915) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity יָלַד (yâlad, H3205) — to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative…
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׂבַר (sâbar, H7663) — to scrutinize; by implication (of watching) to expect (with hope and patience) לָהֵן (lâhên, H3860) — popularly for if; hence, therefore גָּדַל (gâdal, H1431) — to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor,… עָגַן (ʻâgan, H5702) — to debar, i.e. from marriage אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… מָרַר (mârar, H4843) — to be (causatively, make) bitter (literally or figuratively) מְאֹד (mᵉʼôd, H3966) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication,… יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and…
Quelle öffnen ↗נָשָׂא (nâsâʼ, H5375) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative קוֹל (qôwl, H6963) — a voice or sound בָּכָה (bâkâh, H1058) — to weep; generally to bemoan עׇרְפָּה (ʻOrpâh, H6204) — Orpah, a Moabites נָשַׁק (nâshaq, H5401) — to kiss, literally or figuratively (touch); also (as a mode of attachment), to equip with… חֲמוֹת (chămôwth, H2545) — a mother-in-law רוּת (Rûwth, H7327) — Ruth, a Moabitess דָּבַק (dâbaq, H1692) — properly, to impinge, i.e. cling or adhere; figuratively, to catch by pursuit
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Da aber Hungersnot im Lande herrschte, reiste Abram nach Ägypten hinab, um sich daselbst aufzuhalten; denn die Hungersnot lastete auf dem Land.
Es kam aber eine Teuerung in das Land; außer der vorigen Teuerung, die zu Abrahams Zeiten gewesen. Und Isaak zog gen Gerar zu Abimelech, dem König der Philister.
Menschensohn, wenn ein Land wider mich sündigt und einen Treubruch begeht und ich meine Hand dawider ausstrecke und ihm den Stab des Brots zerbreche und eine Hungersnot hineinsende und Menschen und Vieh daraus vertilge,
daß ich euren harten Stolz breche. Ich will euren Himmel machen wie Eisen und eure Erde wie Erz,
Aber die Hungersnot drückte das Land.
Er zog aber aus der Stadt Bethlehem-Juda, um sich niederzulassen, wo es sich träfe. Als er so seines Weges ging, kam er auf das Gebirge Ephraim zum Hause Michas.
Du wirst viel Samen auf das Feld hinausführen und wenig einsammeln; denn die Heuschrecken werden es abfressen.
Dafür habe ich euch auch müßige Zähne gegeben in allen euren Städten und Mangel an Brot an allen euren Orten; dennoch seid ihr nicht zu mir umgekehrt, spricht der HERR.
Und er rief eine Hungersnot herbei über das Land und zerschlug jegliche Stütze an Brot.
fruchtbares Land wurde zur Salzwüste wegen der Bosheit derer, die es bewohnten.