Richter 19
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A LEVITE GOING TO BETHLEHEM TO FETCH HIS WIFE. (Jdg 19:1-15) it came to pass in those days--The painfully interesting episode that follows, together with the intestine commotion the report of it produced throughout the country, belongs to the same early period of anarchy and prevailing disorder. a certain Levite . . . took to him a concubine--The priests under the Mosaic law enjoyed the privilege of marrying as well as other classes of the people. It was no disreputable connection this Levite had formed; for a nuptial engagement with a concubine wife (though, as wanting in some outward ceremonies, it was reckoned a secondary or inferior relationship) possessed the true essence of marriage; it was not only lawful, but sanctioned by the example of many good men.
Quelle öffnen ↗And it came to pass in those days, when there was no king in Israel,.... The same is observed in Jdg 17:6 and refers to the same times, the times before the judges, between them and the death of Joshua, during which time there was no supreme magistrate or ruler in Israel, which is meant; and this is observed, as before, to account for wickedness being committed with impunity, such as adultery, sodomy, murder, &c. afterwards related: that there was a certain Levite sojourning on the side of Mount Ephraim; in a city that was on one side of that mountain; it seems not to have been a Levitical city, because he was only a sojourner in it; perhaps he chose to reside there, as being near to the tabernacle of Shiloh, which was in that tribe; who took to him a concubine out of Bethlehemjudah; the same place from whence the wicked Levite came, spoken of in the preceding chapters, and who was the means of spreading idolatry in Israel; and here a wicked concubine of a Levite comes from the same, and was the cause of great effusion of blood in Israel; which two instances may seem to reflect dishonour and disgrace on Bethlehem, which were wiped off by the birth of some eminent persons in it, as Boaz, Jesse, David, and especially the Messiah. The woman the Levite took from hence is in the Hebrew called, "a wife, a concubine" (h); for a concubine was a secondary wife, taken without espousals and a dowry: some think they were espoused, though there was no dowry, and were reckoned truly wives, though they had not all the honour and privilege as others; and that this woman was accounted the wife of the Levite, appears from his being called her husband frequently; and her father is said to be his father-in-law, and he his son-in-law; nor could she have been chargeable with adultery otherwi…
Quelle öffnen ↗Infamous Crime of the Inhabitants of Gibeah. - Jdg 19:1-14. At the time when there was no king in Israel, a Levite, who sojourned (i.e., lived outside a Levitical town) in the more remote parts of the mountains of Ephraim, took to himself a concubine out of Bethlehem in Judah, who proved unfaithful to him, and then returned to her father's house. הר־אפרים ירכּתי, the hinder or outermost parts of the mountains of Ephraim, are the northern extremity of these mountains; according to Jdg 19:18, probably the neighbourhood of Shiloh. עליו תּזנה, "she played the harlot out beyond him," i.e., was unfaithful to her husband, and then went away from him," back to her father's house.
Quelle öffnen ↗The domestic affairs of this Levite would not have been related thus largely but to make way for the following story of the injuries done him, in which the whole nation interested themselves. Bishop Hall's first remark upon this story is, That there is no complain of a public ordered state but there is a Levite at one end of it, either as an agent or as a patient. In Micah's idolatry a Levite was active; in the wickedness of Gibeah a Levite was passive; no tribe shall sooner feel the want of government than that of Levi; and, in all the book of Judges, no mention is made of any of that tribe, but of these two. This Levite was of Mount Ephraim, Jdg 19:1. He married a wife of Bethlehem-Judah. She is called his concubine, because she was not endowed, for perhaps he had nothing to endow her with, being himself a sojourner and not settled; but it does not appear that he had any other wife, and the margin calls her a wife, a concubine, Jdg 19:1. She came from the same city that Micah's Levite came from, as if Bethlehem-Judah owed a double ill turn to Mount Ephraim, for she was as bad for a Levite's wife as the other for a Levite. I. This Levite's concubine played the whore and eloped from her husband, Jdg 19:2. The Chaldee reads it only that she carried herself insolently to him, or despised him, and, he being displeased at it, she went away from him, and (which was not fair) was received and entertained at her father's house. Had her husband turned her out of doors unjustly, her father ought to have pitied her affliction; but, when she treacherously departed from her husband to embrace the bosom of a stranger, her father ought not to have countenanced her sin. Perhaps she would not have violated her duty to her husband if she had not known too well where she should be kindly…
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi גּוּר (gûwr, H1481) — properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn… יְרֵכָה (yᵉrêkâh, H3411) — properly, the flank; but used only figuratively, the rear or recess הַר (har, H2022) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively) אֶפְרַיִם (ʼEphrayim, H669) — Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman פִּילֶגֶשׁ (pîylegesh, H6370) — a concubine; also (masculine) a paramour בֵּית לֶחֶם (Bêyth Lechem, H1035) — Beth-Lechem, a place in Palestine יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the…
Quelle öffnen ↗פִּילֶגֶשׁ (pîylegesh, H6370) — a concubine; also (masculine) a paramour זָנָה (zânâh, H2181) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) בֵּית לֶחֶם (Bêyth Lechem, H1035) — Beth-Lechem, a place in Palestine יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… אַרְבַּע (ʼarbaʻ, H702) — four חֹדֶשׁ (chôdesh, H2320) — the new moon; by implication, a month יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… לֵב (lêb, H3820) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the… שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… נַעַר (naʻar, H5288) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a… צֶמֶד (tsemed, H6776) — hence, an acre (i.e. day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough) חֲמוֹר (chămôwr, H2543) — a male ass (from its dun red) בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) נַעֲרָה (naʻărâh, H5291) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence)
Quelle öffnen ↗חָתַן (châthan, H2859) — to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage נַעֲרָה (naʻărâh, H5291) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application חָזַק (châzaq, H2388) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively… יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… שָׁלוֹשׁ (shâlôwsh, H7969) — three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) שָׁתָה (shâthâh, H8354) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively) לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)…
Quelle öffnen ↗רְבִיעִי (rᵉbîyʻîy, H7243) — fourth; also (fractionally) a fourth יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… שָׁכַם (shâkam, H7925) — literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e. to start early in the morning בֹּקֶר (bôqer, H1242) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) נַעֲרָה (naʻărâh, H5291) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) חָתָן (châthân, H2860) — a relative by marriage (especially through the bride); figuratively, a circumcised child… סָעַד (çâʻad, H5582) — to suport (mostly figurative) לֵב (lêb, H3820) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the… פַּת (path, H6595) — a bit לֶחֶם (lechem, H3899) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
Quelle öffnen ↗יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) שָׁתָה (shâthâh, H8354) — to imbibe (literally or figuratively) שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold יַחַד (yachad, H3162) — properly, a unit, i.e. (adverb) unitedly נַעֲרָה (naʻărâh, H5291) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… יָאַל (yâʼal, H2974) — properly, to yield, especially assent; hence (pos.) to undertake as an act of volition לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)… לֵב (lêb, H3820) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the… יָטַב (yâṭab, H3190) — to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy,…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) חָתַן (châthan, H2859) — to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage פָּצַר (pâtsar, H6484) — to peck at, i.e. (figuratively) stun or dull לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)… שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not…
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁכַם (shâkam, H7925) — literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e. to start early in the morning בֹּקֶר (bôqer, H1242) — properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning חֲמִישִׁי (chămîyshîy, H2549) — fifth; also a fifth יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) נַעֲרָה (naʻărâh, H5291) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) סָעַד (çâʻad, H5582) — to suport (mostly figurative) לֵבָב (lêbâb, H3824) — the heart (as the most interior organ); מָהַהּ (mâhahh, H4102) — properly, to question or hesitate, i.e. (by implication) to be reluctant נָטָה (nâṭâh, H5186) — to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used… אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) פִּילֶגֶשׁ (pîylegesh, H6370) — a concubine; also (masculine) a paramour נַעַר (naʻar, H5288) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a… חָתַן (châthan, H2859) — to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage נַעֲרָה (naʻărâh, H5291) — a girl (from infancy to adolescence) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… רָפָה (râphâh, H7503) — to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative) עָרַב (ʻârab, H6150) — to grow dusky at sundown לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)… חָנָה (chânâh, H2583) — properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening);…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אָבָה (ʼâbâh, H14) — to breathe after, i.e. (figuratively) to be acquiescent לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) נֹכַח (nôkach, H5227) — properly, the front part; used adverbially (especially with preposition), opposite, in… יְבוּס (Yᵉbûwç, H2982) — Jebus, the original name of Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine צֶמֶד (tsemed, H6776) — hence, an acre (i.e. day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough) חֲמוֹר (chămôwr, H2543) — a male ass (from its dun red) חָבַשׁ (châbash, H2280) — to wrap firmly (especially a turban, compress, or saddle); figuratively, to stop, to rule פִּילֶגֶשׁ (pîylegesh, H6370) — a concubine; also (masculine) a paramour
Quelle öffnen ↗יְבוּס (Yᵉbûwç, H2982) — Jebus, the original name of Jerusalem יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… מְאֹד (mᵉʼôd, H3966) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication,… רָדַד (râdad, H7286) — to tread in pieces, i.e. (figuratively) to conquer, or (specifically) to overlay נַעַר (naʻar, H5288) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) אָדוֹן (ʼâdôwn, H113) — sovereign, i.e. controller (human or divine) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) סוּר (çûwr, H5493) — to turn off (literal or figurative) עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… יְבוּסִי (Yᵉbûwçîy, H2983) — a Jebusite or inhabitant of Jebus לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)…
Quelle öffnen ↗אָדוֹן (ʼâdôwn, H113) — sovereign, i.e. controller (human or divine) אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) סוּר (çûwr, H5493) — to turn off (literal or figurative) עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… נׇכְרִי (nokrîy, H5237) — strange, in a variety of degrees and applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous,… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity עָבַר (ʻâbar, H5674) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive,… גִּבְעָה (Gibʻâh, H1390) — Gibah; the name of three places in Palestine
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) נַעַר (naʻar, H5288) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) קָרַב (qârab, H7126) — to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose אֶחָד (ʼechâd, H259) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first מָקוֹם (mâqôwm, H4725) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific);… לוּן (lûwn, H3885) — to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense)… גִּבְעָה (Gibʻâh, H1390) — Gibah; the name of three places in Palestine רָמָה (Râmâh, H7414) — Ramah, the name of four places in Palestine
Quelle öffnen ↗עָבַר (ʻâbar, H5674) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive,… יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) שֶׁמֶשׁ (shemesh, H8121) — the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (architectural) a notched… בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אֵצֶל (ʼêtsel, H681) — a side; (as a preposition) near גִּבְעָה (Gibʻâh, H1390) — Gibah; the name of three places in Palestine בִּנְיָמִין (Binyâmîyn, H1144) — Binjamin, youngest son of Jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Zu jener Zeit war kein König in Israel. Und zu jener Zeit suchte sich der Stamm der Daniter ein Erbteil, wo sie wohnen könnten; denn bis dahin war ihm unter den Stämmen Israels kein Erbe zugefallen.
»Und du, Bethlehem im Lande Juda, bist keineswegs die geringste unter den Fürsten Judas; denn aus dir wird ein Herrscher hervorgehen, der mein Volk Israel weiden soll!«
Zu jener Zeit war kein König in Israel; jedermann tat, was ihn recht dünkte. w
Er zog aber aus der Stadt Bethlehem-Juda, um sich niederzulassen, wo es sich träfe. Als er so seines Weges ging, kam er auf das Gebirge Ephraim zum Hause Michas.
Und hat er sie nicht eins gemacht und geistesverwandt mit ihm? Und wonach soll das eine trachten? Nach göttlichem Samen! So hütet euch denn in eurem Geiste, und niemand werde dem Weibe seiner Jugend untreu!
Und man begrub ihn im Gebiet seines Erbteils, zu Timnat-Serach, das auf dem Gebirge Ephraim liegt, nördlich vom Berge Gaasch.
Zu jener Zeit war kein König in Israel; und ein jeder tat, was ihn recht dünkte.
Eleasar, der Sohn Aarons, starb auch, und sie begruben ihn zu Gibea, der Stadt seines Sohnes Pinehas, die ihm auf dem Gebirge Ephraim gegeben worden war.
Aber Rehabeam hatte Maacha, die Tochter Absaloms, lieber als alle seine andern Frauen und Nebenfrauen und zeugte achtundzwanzig Söhne und sechzig Töchter.
Der König aber hatte sein Angesicht verhüllt und schrie laut: Mein Sohn Absalom! Absalom, mein Sohn, mein Sohn!