Josua 10
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Adoni-zedec - This name signifies the Lord of justice or righteousness; and it has been conjectured that the Canaanitish kings assumed this name in imitation of that of the ancient patriarchal king of this city, Melchizedek, whose name signifies king of righteousness, or my righteous king: a supposition that is not improbable, when the celebrity of Melchizedek is considered. Jerusalem - ירושלם Yerushalam. This word has been variously explained; if it be compounded of שלם shalam, peace, perfection, etc., and ראה raah, he saw, it may signify the vision of peace - or, he shall see peace or perfection.
Quelle öffnen ↗FIVE KINGS WAR AGAINST GIBEON. (Jos 10:1-5) Adoni-zedek--"lord of righteousness"--nearly synonymous with Melchizedek, "king of righteousness." These names were common titles of the Jebusite kings. Jerusalem--The original name, "Salem" (Gen 14:18; Psa 76:2), was superseded by that here given, which signifies "a peaceful possession," or "a vision of peace," in allusion, as some think, to the strikingly symbolic scene (Gen 22:14) represented on the mount whereon that city was afterwards built. inhabitants of Gibeon had made peace with Israel, and were among them--that is, the Israelites; had made an alliance with that people, and acknowledging their supremacy, were living on terms of friendly intercourse with them.
Quelle öffnen ↗Now it came to pass, when Adonizedek king of Jerusalem,.... So called, perhaps by anticipation, Jerusalem, since it seems to have had this name given it by the Israelites, when they had got possession of it: and Jerusalem signifies "the possession of Salem" (w), and in memory of this its ancient name, the Jews say (x), they do not put "jod" in Jerusalem between "lamed" and "mem"; though some make the signification of it, "they shall see peace" (y); and others, nearer to its old name, and with respect to it, "fear Salem", O ye enemies. Now the king of this place had heard how Joshua had taken Ai, and had utterly destroyed it; which, being nearer to him than Jericho, the more alarmed him: as he had done to Jericho and her king, so he had done to Ai and her king; burnt the one, and slew the other; and this terrified him, lest he and his city should undergo the same fate: and how the inhabitants of Gibeon had made peace with Israel, and were among them; which as it weakened the interest of the kings of Canaan, might set an example to other places to do the like. Abarbinel suggests, that the Gibeonites making peace with Israel secretly, without the knowledge of their king, as he supposes, made Adonizedek fearful, lest his subjects should do the like; the Jewish chronologers say (z), that these three acts respecting Jericho, Ai, and Gibeon, were all finished within three months. (w) Reland, p. 833. (x) Gloss. in T. Bab. Taanith, fol. 16. 1. (y) Vid. Stockium, p. 480. (z) Seder Olam Rabba, c. 11. p. 31.
Quelle öffnen ↗The report that Joshua had taken Ai, and put it, like Jericho, under the ban, and that the Gibeonites had concluded a treaty with Israel, filled Adonizedek the king of Jerusalem with alarm, as Gibeon was a large town, like one of the king's towns, even larger than Ai, and its inhabitants were brave men. He therefore joined with the kings of Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon, to make a common attack upon Gibeon, and punish it for its alliance with the Israelites, and at the same time to put a check upon the further conquests of Israel. Adonizedek, i.e., lord of righteousness, is synonymous with Melchizedek (king of righteousness), and was a title of the Jebusite kings, as Pharaoh was of the Egyptian. Jerusalem, i.e., the founding or possession of peace, called Salem in the time of Abraham (Gen 14:18), was the proper name of the town, which was also frequently called by the name of its Canaanitish inhabitants Jebus (Jdg 19:10-11; Ch1 11:4), or "city of the Jebusite" (Ir-Jebusi, Jdg 19:11), sometimes also in a contracted form, Jebusi (היבוּסי, Jos 18:16, Jos 18:28; Jos 15:8; Sa2 5:8). (Note: In our English version, we have the Hebrew word itself simply transposed in Jos 18:16, Jos 18:28; whilst it is rendered "the Jebusite" in Jos 15:8, and "the Jebusites" in Sa2 5:8. - Tr.) On the division of the land it was allotted to the tribe of Benjamin (Jos 18:28); but being situated upon the border of Judah (Jos 15:8), it was conquered, and burned by the sons of Judah after the death of Joshua (Jdg 1:8). It was very soon taken again and rebuilt by the Jebusites, whom the sons of Judah were unable to destroy (Jos 15:63; Jdg 19:10-12), so that both Benjaminites and Judahites lived there along with the Jebusites (Jdg 1:21; Jos 15:63); and the upper town especially, upon the summit o…
Quelle öffnen ↗Joshua and the hosts of Israel had now been a good while in the land of Canaan, and no great matters were effected; they were made masters of Jericho by a miracle, of Ai by stratagem, and of Gibeon by surrender, and that was all; hitherto the progress of their victories had not seemed proportionable to the magnificence of their entry and the glory of their beginnings. Those among them that were impatient of delays, it is probable, complained of Joshua's slowness, and asked why they did not immediately penetrate into the heart of the country, before the enemy could rally their forces to make head against them, why they stood trifling, while they were so confident both of their title and of their success. Thus Joshua's prudence, perhaps, was censured as slothfulness, cowardice, and want of spirit. But, 1. Canaan was not to be conquered in a day. God had said that by little and little he would drive out the Canaanites, Exo 23:30. He that believeth will not make haste, or conclude that the promise will never be performed because it is not performed so soon as he expected. 2. Joshua waited for the Canaanites to be the aggressors; let them first make an onset upon Israel, or the allies of Israel, and then their destruction will be, or at least will appear to be, the more just and more justifiable. Joshua had warrant sufficient to set upon them, yet he stays till they strike the first stroke, that he might provide for honest things in the sight, not only of God, but of men; and they would be the more inexcusable in their resistance, now that they had seen what favour the Gibeonites found with Israel. 3. It was for the advantage of Israel to sit still awhile, that the forces of these little kings might unite in one body, and so might the more easily be cut off at one blow. This…
Quelle öffnen ↗7:1–12:24 This second major section of the book includes a record of Joshua’s southern and northern campaigns against two coalitions of Canaanite kings. Joshua’s victories enabled Israel to settle the hill country from Galilee in the north to the Negev in the south. 10:1-43 Gibeon and its neighboring cities occupied a plateau north of Jerusalem (see study note on 7:2). With Gibeon now allied to Israel, control of the plateau and of the central hill country in the vicinity of Gibeon belonged to Israel. Throughout history, whoever has controlled the plateau has, in general, also controlled the hill country. The Canaanite kings had to conquer Gibeon or their cause was lost. 10:1 Adoni-zedek means “master of righteousness” or “my master is righteous.” An earlier king of Jerusalem named Melchizedek (“king of righteousness” or “my king is righteous”) had been “a priest of God Most High” and a friend of Abraham (Gen 14:18-20). However, Adoni-zedek was not a friend to Joshua or a believer in the Lord.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
אֲדֹנִי־צֶדֶק (ʼĂdônîy-Tsedeq, H139) — Adoni-Tsedek, a Canaanitish king מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… כִּי (kîy, H3588) — (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often… יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader לָכַד (lâkad, H3920) — to catch (in a net, trap or pit); generally, to capture or occupy; also to choose (by… עַי (ʻAy, H5857) — Ai, Aja or Ajath, a place in Palestine חָרַם (châram, H2763) — to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction);… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application יְרִיחוֹ (Yᵉrîychôw, H3405) — Jericho or Jerecho, a place in Palestine יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine שָׁלַם (shâlam, H7999) — to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed;…
Quelle öffnen ↗יָרֵא (yârêʼ, H3372) — to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to frighten מְאֹד (mᵉʼôd, H3966) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication,… גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… אֶחָד (ʼechâd, H259) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first מַמְלָכָה (mamlâkâh, H4467) — dominion, i.e. (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm) עַי (ʻAy, H5857) — Ai, Aja or Ajath, a place in Palestine אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) גִּבּוֹר (gibbôwr, H1368) — powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
Quelle öffnen ↗אֲדֹנִי־צֶדֶק (ʼĂdônîy-Tsedeq, H139) — Adoni-Tsedek, a Canaanitish king מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) הוֹהָם (Hôwhâm, H1944) — Hoham, a Canaanitish king חֶבְרוֹן (Chebrôwn, H2275) — Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites פִּרְאָם (Pirʼâm, H6502) — Piram, a Canaanite יַרְמוּת (Yarmûwth, H3412) — Jarmuth, the name of two places in Palestine יָפִיעַ (Yâphîyaʻ, H3309) — Japhia, the name of a Canaanite, an Israelite, and a place in Palestine לָכִישׁ (Lâkîysh, H3923) — Lakish, a place in Palestine דְּבִיר (Dᵉbîyr, H1688) — Debir, the name of an Amoritish king and of two places in Palestine עֶגְלוֹן (ʻEglôwn, H5700) — Eglon, the name of a place in Palestine and of a Moabitish king אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude)
Quelle öffnen ↗עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… עָזַר (ʻâzar, H5826) — to surround, i.e. protect or aid נָכָה (nâkâh, H5221) — to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively) גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine שָׁלַם (shâlam, H7999) — to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed;… יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Quelle öffnen ↗חָמֵשׁ (châmêsh, H2568) — five מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אֱמֹרִי (ʼĔmôrîy, H567) — an Emorite, one of the Canaanitish tribes יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine חֶבְרוֹן (Chebrôwn, H2275) — Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites יַרְמוּת (Yarmûwth, H3412) — Jarmuth, the name of two places in Palestine לָכִישׁ (Lâkîysh, H3923) — Lakish, a place in Palestine עֶגְלוֹן (ʻEglôwn, H5700) — Eglon, the name of a place in Palestine and of a Moabitish king אָסַף (ʼâçaph, H622) — to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave… עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… מַחֲנֶה (machăneh, H4264) — an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or… חָנָה (chânâh, H2583) — properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening);… גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine לָחַם (lâcham, H3898) — to feed on; figuratively, to consume; by implication, to battle (as destruction)
Quelle öffnen ↗אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader מַחֲנֶה (machăneh, H4264) — an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or… גִּלְגָּל (Gilgâl, H1537) — Gilgal, the name of three places in Palestine אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) רָפָה (râphâh, H7503) — to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative) יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), עֶבֶד (ʻebed, H5650) — a servant עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… מְהֵרָה (mᵉhêrâh, H4120) — properly, a hurry; hence (adverbially) promptly יָשַׁע (yâshaʻ, H3467) — properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e. (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to… עָזַר (ʻâzar, H5826) — to surround, i.e. protect or aid
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… גִּלְגָּל (Gilgâl, H1537) — Gilgal, the name of three places in Palestine עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… מִלְחָמָה (milchâmâh, H4421) — a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare) גִּבּוֹר (gibbôwr, H1368) — powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant חַיִל (chayil, H2428) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue,…
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader יָרֵא (yârêʼ, H3372) — to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to frighten נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… עָמַד (ʻâmad, H5975) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and…
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) פִּתְאוֹם (pithʼôwm, H6597) — instantly עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… גִּלְגָּל (Gilgâl, H1537) — Gilgal, the name of three places in Palestine לַיִל (layil, H3915) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God הָמַם (hâmam, H2000) — properly, to put in commotion; by implication, to disturb, drive, destroy פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity נָכָה (nâkâh, H5221) — to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively) גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent מַכָּה (makkâh, H4347) — a wound; figuratively, carnage, also pestilence גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine רָדַף (râdaph, H7291) — to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by) דֶּרֶךְ (derek, H1870) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb מַעֲלֶה (maʻăleh, H4608) — an elevation, i.e. (concretely) acclivity or platform; abstractly (the relation or state)… בֵּית חוֹרוֹן (Bêyth Chôwrôwn, H1032) — Beth-Choron, the name of two adjoining places in Palestine עֲזֵקָה (ʻĂzêqâh, H5825) — Azekah, a place in Palestine מַקֵּדָה (Maqqêdâh, H4719) — Makkedah, a place in Palestine
Quelle öffnen ↗נוּס (nûwç, H5127) — to flit, i.e. vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver) פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity מוֹרָד (môwrâd, H4174) — a descent; as architecture, an ornamental appendage, perhaps a festoon בֵּית חוֹרוֹן (Bêyth Chôwrôwn, H1032) — Beth-Choron, the name of two adjoining places in Palestine יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God שָׁלַךְ (shâlak, H7993) — to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively) גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent אֶבֶן (ʼeben, H68) — a stone שָׁמַיִם (shâmayim, H8064) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds… עֲזֵקָה (ʻĂzêqâh, H5825) — Azekah, a place in Palestine מוּת (mûwth, H4191) — to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) בָּרָד (bârâd, H1259) — hail
Quelle öffnen ↗דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ, H3091) — Jehoshua (i.e. Joshua), the Jewish leader יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) אֱמֹרִי (ʼĔmôrîy, H567) — an Emorite, one of the Canaanitish tribes פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) עַיִן (ʻayin, H5869) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) שֶׁמֶשׁ (shemesh, H8121) — the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (architectural) a notched… דָּמַם (dâmam, H1826) — to be dumb; by implication, to be astonished, to stop; also to perish גִּבְעוֹן (Gibʻôwn, H1391) — Gibon, a place in Palestine
Quelle öffnen ↗שֶׁמֶשׁ (shemesh, H8121) — the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (architectural) a notched… דָּמַם (dâmam, H1826) — to be dumb; by implication, to be astonished, to stop; also to perish יָרֵחַ (yârêach, H3394) — the moon עָמַד (ʻâmad, H5975) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) גּוֹי (gôwy, H1471) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight… נָקַם (nâqam, H5358) — to grudge, i.e. avenge or punish אֹיֵב (ʼôyêb, H341) — hating; an adversary הוּא (hûwʼ, H1931) — he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self,… כָּתַב (kâthab, H3789) — to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe) סֵפֶר (çêpher, H5612) — properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book יָשָׁר (yâshâr, H3477) — straight (literally or figuratively) חֵצִי (chêtsîy, H2677) — the half or middle שָׁמַיִם (shâmayim, H8064) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds… אוּץ (ʼûwts, H213) — to press; (by implication) to be close, hurry, withdraw
Quelle öffnen ↗יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… קוֹל (qôwl, H6963) — a voice or sound אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… לָחַם (lâcham, H3898) — to feed on; figuratively, to consume; by implication, to battle (as destruction) יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Aber Melchisedek, der König von Salem, brachte Brot und Wein herbei. Und er war ein Priester Gottes, des Allerhöchsten.
Und du sollst mit Ai und ihrem König tun, wie du mit Jericho getan hast, außer daß ihr die Beute und ihr Vieh unter euch teilen sollt; aber lege dir einen Hinterhalt hinter der Stadt.
Denn dieser Melchisedek (König zu Salem, Priester Gottes, des Allerhöchsten, der Abraham entgegenkam, als er von der Niederwerfung der Könige zurückkehrte, und ihn segnete,
Und sie vollstreckten den Bann an allem, was in der Stadt war, mit der Schärfe des Schwertes, an Männern und Weibern, Jungen und Alten, Ochsen, Schafen und Eseln.