Hebräer 4
Eine verständliche Vertiefung zum ganzen Kapitel. Kapitel lesen →
Kommentare
Auszüge aus veröffentlichten Kommentaren, die die Auslegung untermauern.
Let us therefore fear - Seeing the Israelites lost the rest of Canaan, through obstinacy and unbelief, let us be afraid lest we come short of the heavenly rest, through the same cause. Should seem to come short of it - Lest any of us should actually come short of it; i.e. miss it. See the note on the verb δοκειν, to seem, Luk 8:18 (note). What the apostle had said before, relative to the rest, might be considered as an allegory; here he explains and applies that allegory, showing that Canaan was a type of the grand privileges of the Gospel of Christ, and of the glorious eternity to which they lead. Come short - The verb ὑστερειν is applied here metaphorically; it is an allusion, of which there are many in this epistle, to the races in the Grecian games: he that came short was he who was any distance, no matter how small, behind the winner. Will it avail any of us how near we get to heaven, if the door be shut before we arrive? How dreadful the thought, to have only missed being eternally saved! To run well, and yet to permit the devil, the world, or the flesh, to hinder in the few last steps! Reader, watch and be sober.
Quelle öffnen ↗THE PROMISE OF GOD'S REST IS FULLY REALIZED THROUGH CHRIST: LET US STRIVE TO OBTAIN IT BY HIM, OUR SYMPATHIZING HIGH PRIEST. (Heb. 4:1-16) Let us . . . fear--not with slavish terror, but godly "fear and trembling" (Phi 2:12). Since so many have fallen, we have cause to fear (Heb 3:17-19). being left us--still remaining to us after the others have, by neglect, lost it. his rest--God's heavenly rest, of which Canaan is the type. "To-day" still continues, during which there is the danger of failing to reach the rest. "To-day," rightly used, terminates in the rest which, when once obtained, is never lost (Rev 3:12). A foretaste of the rest Is given in the inward rest which the believer's soul has in Christ. should seem to come short of it--Greek, "to have come short of it"; should be found, when the great trial of all shall take place [ALFORD], to have fallen short of attaining the promise. The word "seem" is a mitigating mode of expression, though not lessening the reality. BENGEL and OWEN take it, Lest there should be any semblance or appearance of falling short.
Quelle öffnen ↗Let us therefore fear,.... Not with a fear of wrath and damnation; nor with a fear of diffidence and distrust of the power, grace, and goodness of God; but with a cautious fear, a godly jealousy, a careful circumspection, and watchfulness: lest a promise being left us of entering into his rest; not the land of Canaan, the type of heaven, but rather heaven itself, the ultimate glory: there is a rest of the body in the grave, from work, service, and labour, and from distempers and diseases, where it rests under the guardianship of the Spirit, until the resurrection morn; and there is a rest of the soul before the resurrection, in the arms of Christ, with whom it immediately is, upon its departure from the body; and there is a rest both of soul and body after the resurrection, from sin, from afflictions, from Satan's temptations, from unbelief, doubts, and fears, and from all enemies: and this may be called the rest of God, because he is the author and giver of it; and it will lie much in communion with him; and besides, heaven is the place of God's rest, Isa 66:1 and the possession and enjoyment of the heavenly glory is often signified by an entering into it: and there is a promise of this, which is left in Christ's hands, and shall never fail; though some who have hoped for it may come short of it, or at least seem to do so: but rather a rest under the Gospel dispensation is here intended, since it is a rest believers enter into now, Heb 4:3 and since the Gospel church is represented as a state of peace and rest, Isa 11:6 and which lies in a more clear and comfortable application of the blood and righteousness of Christ to the saints; in a freedom from a spirit of bondage to fear, and from the yoke of carnal ordinances, and in the enjoyment of Gospel privileges and ordin…
Quelle öffnen ↗Here, I. The apostle declares that our privileges by Christ under the gospel are not only as great, but greater than those enjoyed under the Mosaic law. He specifies this, that we have a promise left us of entering into his rest; that is, of entering into a covenant-relation to Christ, and a state of communion with God through Christ, and of growing up therein, till we are made perfect in glory. We have discoveries of this rest, and proposals, and the best directions how we may attain unto it. This promise of spiritual rest is a promise left us by the Lord Jesus Christ in his last will and testament, as a precious legacy. Our business is to see to it that we be the legatees, that we lay our claim to that rest and freedom from the dominion of sin, Satan, and the flesh, by which the souls of men are kept in servitude and deprived of the true rest of the soul, and may be also set free from the yoke of the law and all the toilsome ceremonies and services of it, and may enjoy peace with God in his ordinances and providences, and in our own consciences, and so have the prospect and earnest of perfect and everlasting rest in heaven. II. He demonstrates the truth of his assertion, that we have as great advantages as they. For says he (Heb 4:2), To us was the gospel preached as well as unto them; the same gospel for substance was preached under both Testaments, though not so clearly; not in so comfortable a manner under the Old as under the New. The best privileges the ancient Jews had were their gospel privileges; the sacrifices and ceremonies of the Old Testament were the gospel of that dispensation; and, whatever was excellent in it, was the respect it had to Christ. Now, if this was their highest privilege, we are not inferior to them; for we have the gospel as well as they,…
Quelle öffnen ↗4:1-2 The author transitions to the promise that the faithful will enter God’s rest and exhorts his listeners to take this promise seriously. Hearing is not enough: It must be combined with faith. 4:1 To fear God means to experience an appropriate reverence, even awe, for God and his will. It would be the worst of tragedies to fail to experience what God has promised.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
φοβέω (phobéō, G5399) — to frighten, i.e. (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e. revere οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly μήποτε (mḗpote, G3379) — not ever; also if (or lest) ever (or perhaps) ἐπαγγελία (epangelía, G1860) — an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good) καταλείπω (kataleípō, G2641) — to leave down, i.e. behind; by implication, to abandon, have remaining εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… κατάπαυσις (katápausis, G2663) — reposing down, i.e. (by Hebraism) abode τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object ἐκ (ek, G1537) — literal or figurative; direct or remote) ὑμῶν (hymōn, G5216) — of (from or concerning) you δοκέω (dokéō, G1380) — compare the base of G1166 (δεικνύω)) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to… ὑστερέω (hysteréō, G5302) — to be later, i.e. (by implication) to be inferior; generally, to fall short (be deficient)
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… ἐσμέν (esmén, G2070) — we are εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō, G2097) — to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel καθάπερ (katháper, G2509) — exactly as κἀκεῖνος (kakeînos, G2548) — likewise that (or those) ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) λόγος (lógos, G3056) — something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse),… ἀκοή (akoḗ, G189) — hearing (the act, the sense or the thing heard) ὠφελέω (ōpheléō, G5623) — to be useful, i.e. to benefit οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, G1565) — that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed μή (mḗ, G3361) — (adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer… συγκεράννυμι (synkeránnymi, G4786) — to commingle, i.e. (figuratively) to combine or assimilate
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… ὁ (ho, G3588) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom) πιστεύω (pisteúō, G4100) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by… εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… κατάπαυσις (katápausis, G2663) — reposing down, i.e. (by Hebraism) abode καθώς (kathṓs, G2531) — just (or inasmuch) as, that ἐρέω (eréō, G2046) — an alternate for G2036 (ἔπω) in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say ὡς (hōs, G5613) — which how, i.e. in that manner (very variously used, as follows) ὀμνύω (omnýō, G3660) — to swear, i.e. take (or declare on) oath ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. μοῦ (moû, G3450) — of me ὀργή (orgḗ, G3709) — properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e. (by analogy),… εἰ (ei, G1487) — if, whether, that, etc.
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… ἐρέω (eréō, G2046) — an alternate for G2036 (ἔπω) in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say πού (poú, G4225) — as adverb of place, somewhere, i.e. nearly περί (perí, G4012) — properly, through (all over), i.e. around; figuratively with respect to; used in various… ἕβδομος (hébdomos, G1442) — seventh οὕτω (hoútō, G3779) — in this way (referring to what precedes or follows) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very καταπαύω (katapaúō, G2664) — to settle down, i.e. (literally) to colonize, or (figuratively) to (cause to) desist ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. ἡμέρα (hēméra, G2250) — day, i.e. (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but… ἀπό (apó, G575) — "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation;… πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the…
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. τούτῳ (toútōi, G5129) — to (in, with or by) this (person or thing) πάλιν (pálin, G3825) — (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally)… εἰ (ei, G1487) — if, whether, that, etc. εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… μοῦ (moû, G3450) — of me κατάπαυσις (katápausis, G2663) — reposing down, i.e. (by Hebraism) abode
Quelle öffnen ↗ἐπεί (epeí, G1893) — thereupon, i.e. since (of time or cause) οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly ἀπολείπω (apoleípō, G620) — to leave behind (passively, remain); by implication, to forsake τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… πρότερον (próteron, G4386) — previously εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō, G2097) — to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) ἀπείθεια (apeítheia, G543) — disbelief (obstinate and rebellious)
Quelle öffnen ↗πάλιν (pálin, G3825) — (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally)… ὁρίζω (horízō, G3724) — to mark out or bound ("horizon"), i.e. (figuratively) to appoint, decree, specify τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object ἡμέρα (hēméra, G2250) — day, i.e. (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but… λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. Δαβίδ (Dabíd, G1138) — Dabid (i.e. David), the Israelite king σήμερον (sḗmeron, G4594) — on the (i.e. this) day (or night current or just passed); generally, now (i.e. at… μετά (metá, G3326) — properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according… τοσοῦτος (tosoûtos, G5118) — apparently from G3588 (ὁ) and G3739 (ὅς)) and G3778 (οὗτος) (including its variations);… χρόνος (chrónos, G5550) — a space of time (in general, and thus properly distinguished from G2540 (καιρός), which… καθώς (kathṓs, G2531) — just (or inasmuch) as, that ἐρέω (eréō, G2046) — an alternate for G2036 (ἔπω) in certain tenses; to utter, i.e. speak or say ἐάν (eán, G1437) — a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other…
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… εἰ (ei, G1487) — if, whether, that, etc. Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, G2424) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites καταπαύω (katapaúō, G2664) — to settle down, i.e. (literally) to colonize, or (figuratively) to (cause to) desist αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἄν (án, G302) οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not μετά (metá, G3326) — properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according… ταῦτα (taûta, G5023) — these things λαλέω (laléō, G2980) — to talk, i.e. utter words περί (perí, G4012) — properly, through (all over), i.e. around; figuratively with respect to; used in various… ἄλλος (állos, G243) — "else," i.e. different (in many applications) ἡμέρα (hēméra, G2250) — day, i.e. (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but…
Quelle öffnen ↗ἀπολείπω (apoleípō, G620) — to leave behind (passively, remain); by implication, to forsake ἄρα (ára, G686) — a particle denoting an inference more or less decisive (as follows) σαββατισμός (sabbatismós, G4520) — a "sabbatism", i.e. (figuratively) the repose of Christianity (as a type of heaven) λαός (laós, G2992) — a people (in general; thus differing from G1218 (δῆμος), which denotes one's own populace) θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… κατάπαυσις (katápausis, G2663) — reposing down, i.e. (by Hebraism) abode καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… καταπαύω (katapaúō, G2664) — to settle down, i.e. (literally) to colonize, or (figuratively) to (cause to) desist ἀπό (apó, G575) — "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation;… ἔργον (érgon, G2041) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act ὥσπερ (hṓsper, G5618) — just as, i.e. exactly like θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very ἴδιος (ídios, G2398) — pertaining to self, i.e. one's own; by implication, private or separate
Quelle öffnen ↗σπουδάζω (spoudázō, G4704) — to use speed, i.e. to make effort, be prompt or earnest οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly εἰσέρχομαι (eisérchomai, G1525) — to enter (literally or figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, G1565) — that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed κατάπαυσις (katápausis, G2663) — reposing down, i.e. (by Hebraism) abode ἵνα μή (hína mḗ, G3363) — in order (or so) that not τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object πίπτω (píptō, G4098) — to fall (literally or figuratively) ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ὑπόδειγμα (hypódeigma, G5262) — an exhibit for imitation or warning (figuratively, specimen, adumbration) ἀπείθεια (apeítheia, G543) — disbelief (obstinate and rebellious)
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… λόγος (lógos, G3056) — something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse),… θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very ζάω (záō, G2198) — to live (literally or figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐνεργής (energḗs, G1756) — active, operative τομώτερος (tomṓteros, G5114) — more comprehensive or decisive than G2875 (κόπτω), as if by a single stroke; whereas that… ὑπέρ (hypér, G5228) — "over", i.e. (with the genitive case) of place, above, beyond, across, or causal, for the… πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole δίστομος (dístomos, G1366) — double-edged μάχαιρα (máchaira, G3162) — a knife, i.e. dirk; figuratively, war, judicial punishment διϊκνέομαι (diïknéomai, G1338) — to reach through, i.e. penetrate ἄχρι (áchri, G891) — (of time) until or (of place) up to μερισμός (merismós, G3311) — a separation or distribution
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not ἐστί (estí, G2076) — he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are κτίσις (ktísis, G2937) — original formation (properly, the act; by implication, the thing, literally or… ἀφανής (aphanḗs, G852) — non-apparent) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἐνώπιον (enṓpion, G1799) — in the face of (literally or figuratively) δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole γυμνός (gymnós, G1131) — nude (absolute or relative, literal or figurative) τραχηλίζω (trachēlízō, G5136) — to seize by the throat or neck, i.e. to expose the gullet of a victim for killing… ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós, G3788) — the eye (literally or figuratively); by implication, vision; figuratively, envy (from the… πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
Quelle öffnen ↗ἔχω (échō, G2192) — to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote;… οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly μέγας (mégas, G3173) — big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application) ἀρχιερεύς (archiereús, G749) — the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest διέρχομαι (diérchomai, G1330) — to traverse (literally) οὐρανός (ouranós, G3772) — the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of God); by implication, happiness, power,… Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, G2424) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites υἱός (huiós, G5207) — a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively,… θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very κρατέω (kratéō, G2902) — to use strength, i.e. seize or retain (literally or figuratively) ὁμολογία (homología, G3671) — acknowledgment
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Und sehet darauf, daß nicht jemand die Gnade Gottes versäume, daß nicht etwa eine bittere Wurzel aufwachse und Störungen verursache und viele dadurch befleckt werden,
Also bleibt dem Volke Gottes noch eine Sabbatruhe vorbehalten;
Wohl dem Menschen, der sich immer fürchtet; wer aber trotzigen Herzens ist, wird in Sünde fallen.
So wollen wir uns denn befleißigen, in jene Ruhe einzugehen, damit nicht jemand als gleiches Beispiel des Unglaubens zu Fall komme.
Darum, wer sich dünkt, er stehe, der sehe wohl zu, daß er nicht falle!
Gedenket eurer Führer, die euch das Wort Gottes gesagt haben; schauet das Ende ihres Wandels an und ahmet ihren Glauben nach!
Gut! Um ihres Unglaubens willen sind sie ausgebrochen worden; du aber stehst durch den Glauben. Sei nicht stolz, sondern fürchte dich!
sind wir untreu, so bleibt er treu; denn er kann sich selbst nicht verleugnen.
Denn es ist kein Unterschied: Alle haben gesündigt und ermangeln der Herrlichkeit Gottes,
nach der Zahl der vierzig Tage, in denen ihr das Land erkundet habt (so daß je ein Tag ein Jahr gilt) sollt ihr vierzig Jahre lang eure Missetat tragen, damit ihr erfahret, was es sei, wenn ich die Hand abziehe!