Titus 3
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Put them in mind to be subject to principalities, etc. - By principalities, αρχαις, we are to understand the Roman emperors, or the supreme civil powers in any place. By powers, εξουσιαις, we are to understand the deputies of the emperors, such as proconsuls, etc., and all such as are in authority - under the supreme powers wherever we dwell. See the doctrine of obedience to the civil powers discussed at large in the notes on Rom 13:1-7. This doctrine of obedience to the civil powers was highly necessary for the Cretans, who were reputed a people exceedingly jealous of their civil privileges, and ready to run into a state of insurrection when they suspected any attempt on the part of their rulers to infringe their liberties. Suidas, under the word ανεσειον, they stirred up, gives the following fragment: Οἱ δε Κρητες, φοβουμενοι μη τι τιμωριας τυχωσιν, ανεσειον τα πληθη, παρακαλουντες την εξ αιωνος παραδεδομενην ελευθεριαν διαφυλαττειν. "But the Cretans, fearing lest they should be punished, stirred up the populace, exhorting them that they should carefully preserve that liberty which they had received from their ancestors." What part of the history of Crete this refers to I cannot tell; the words stand thus insulated in Suidas, without introduction or connection. To be jealous of our civil rights and privileges, and most strenuously to preserve them, is highly praiseworthy; but to raise a public tumult to avoid merited chastisement, under pretense that our civil privileges are in danger, is not the part of patriots but insurgents. For such advice as that given here the known character of the Cretans is a sufficient reason: "They were ever liars, ferocious wild beasts, and sluggish gluttons." Such persons would feel little disposition to submit to the wholesome restrain…
Quelle öffnen ↗WHAT TITUS IS TO TEACH CONCERNING CHRISTIANS' BEHAVIOR TOWARDS THE WORLD: HOW HE IS TO TREAT HERETICS: WHEN AND WHERE HE IS TO MEET PAUL. SALUTATION. CONCLUSION. (Tit 3:1-15) Put them in mind--as they are in danger of forgetting their duty, though knowing it. The opposition of Christianity to heathenism, and the natural disposition to rebellion of the Jews under the Roman empire (of whom many lived in Crete), might lead many to forget practically what was a recognized Christian principle in theory, submission to the powers that be. DIODORUS SICULUS mentions the tendency of the Cretans to riotous insubordination. to be subject--"willingly" (so the Greek). principalities . . . powers--Greek, "magistracies . . . authorities." to obey--the commands of "magistrates"; not necessarily implying spontaneous obedience. Willing obedience is implied in "ready to every good work." Compare Rom 13:3, as showing that obedience to the magistracy would tend to good works, since the magistrate's aim generally is to favor the good and punish the bad. Contrast "disobedient" (Tit 3:3).
Quelle öffnen ↗Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers,.... Not angels, good or bad, which are sometimes so called, but men in high places; the higher powers ordained of God, as the apostle elsewhere calls them; and which the Apostle Peter distinguishes into the king as supreme, and into governors under him: the Roman emperor and senate, the consuls, and proconsuls, deputies and governors of provinces and islands, are here meant; particularly such who were appointed over the island of Crete. Now the reasons why the apostle exhorts Titus to put in remembrance those that were under his care, to yield a cheerful subjection to their superiors, were, because the Jews, from whom the Christians were not distinguished by the Romans, were reckoned a turbulent and seditious people; which character they obtained, partly through the principles of the Scribes and Pharisees, which they at least privately entertained, as not to give tribute to Caesar, or be under any Heathen yoke; and partly through the insurrections that had been made by Judas of Galilee, and Theudas, and others; and besides, there were many Jews in the island of Crete, and the Cretians themselves were prone to mutiny and rebellion: to which may be added, that the false teachers, and judaizing preachers, that had got among them, despised dominion, and were not afraid to speak evil of dignities, according to the characters which both Peter and Jude give of them, and taught the saints to abuse their Christian liberty, and use it for a cloak of maliciousness, to the great scandal of the Christian religion. To obey magistrates; inferior ones; in all things that are according to the laws of God, and right reason, that do not contradict what God has commanded, or break in upon the rights and dictates of conscience; in…
Quelle öffnen ↗Here is the fourth thing in the matter of the epistle. The apostle had directed Titus in reference to the particular and special duties of several sorts of persons; now he bids him exhort to what concerned them more in common, namely, to quietness and submission to rulers, and readiness to do good, and to equitable and gentle behaviour towards all men - things comely and ornamental of religion; he must therefore put them in mind of such things. Ministers are people's remembrancers of their duty. As they are remembrancers for the people to God in prayers (Isa 62:6), so are they from God to them in preaching: I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance, Pe2 1:12. Forgetfulness of duty is a common frailty; there is need therefore of reminding and quickening them thereto. Here are the duties themselves, and the reasons of them. I. The duties themselves, which they were to be reminded of. 1. Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, to obey magistrates. Magistracy is God's ordinance for the good of all, and therefore must be regarded and submitted to by all; not for wrath and by force only, but willingly and for conscience' sake. Principalities, and powers, and magistrates, that is, all civil rulers, whether supreme and chief or subordinate, in the government under which they live, of whatever form it be; that they be subject to them and obey them in things lawful and honest, and which it belongs to their office to require. The Christian religion was misrepresented by its adversaries as prejudicial to the rights of princes and civil powers, and tending to faction and sedition, and to rebellion against lawful authority; therefore to put to silence the ignorance of foolish men, and stop the mouths of malicious enemies, Christians must be reminde…
Quelle öffnen ↗3:1-11 The emphasis on wholesome teaching (1:9; 2:1) continues; Paul turns now to the relationship of the Christian community with society at large (cp. 1 Tim 2:2-4). As in Titus 2:1-15, God’s instructions for his people (3:1-2) are based on his dealings with them (3:3-7; cp. study note on 2:11-15). Paul then instructs Titus to avoid fruitless disputes and to insist on beneficial teaching (3:8-11). 3:1 Paul might be telling the believers to make a clear distinction between themselves and the unruly common masses. Alternatively, the troublemakers (1:10-15; 3:10) might have adopted unruly behaviors that stemmed from their erroneous teachings (as is likely the case in 1 Tim 2:1-7). • On relations to government . . . officers, see 1 Tim 2:2; Rom 13:1-7.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
ὑπομιμνήσκω (hypomimnḗskō, G5279) — to remind quietly, i.e. suggest to the (middle voice, one's own) memory αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ὑποτάσσω (hypotássō, G5293) — to subordinate; reflexively, to obey ἀρχή (archḗ, G746) — (properly abstract) a commencement, or (concretely) chief (in various applications of… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐξουσία (exousía, G1849) — privilege, i.e. (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedom, or (objectively)… πειθαρχέω (peitharchéō, G3980) — to be persuaded by a ruler, i.e. (genitive case) to submit to authority; by analogy, to… εἶναι (eînai, G1511) — to exist ἕτοιμος (hétoimos, G2092) — adjusted, i.e. ready πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole ἀγαθός (agathós, G18) — "good" (in any sense, often as noun) ἔργον (érgon, G2041) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
Quelle öffnen ↗βλασφημέω (blasphēméō, G987) — to vilify; specially, to speak impiously μηδείς (mēdeís, G3367) — not even one (man, woman, thing) εἶναι (eînai, G1511) — to exist ἄμαχος (ámachos, G269) — peaceable ἐπιεικής (epieikḗs, G1933) — appropriate, i.e. (by implication) mild ἐνδείκνυμι (endeíknymi, G1731) — to indicate (by word or act) πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole πρᾳότης (praiótēs, G4236) — gentleness, by implication, humility πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, G444) — from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)); man-faced, i.e. a human being
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… ἡμεῖς (hēmeîs, G2249) — we (only used when emphatic) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἦν (ēn, G2258) — I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were) ἀνόητος (anóētos, G453) — unintelligent; by implication, sensual ποτέ (poté, G4218) — indefinite adverb, at some time, ever ἀπειθής (apeithḗs, G545) — unpersuadable, i.e. contumacious πλανάω (planáō, G4105) — to (properly, cause to) roam (from safety, truth, or virtue) δουλεύω (douleúō, G1398) — to be a slave to (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary) ποικίλος (poikílos, G4164) — motley, i.e. various in character ἐπιθυμία (epithymía, G1939) — a longing (especially for what is forbidden) ἡδονή (hēdonḗ, G2237) — sensual delight; by implication, desire διάγω (diágō, G1236) — to pass time or life ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ὅτε (hóte, G3753) — at which (thing) too, i.e. when χρηστότης (chrēstótēs, G5544) — usefulness, i.e. morally, excellence (in character or demeanor) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… φιλανθρωπία (philanthrōpía, G5363) — fondness of mankind, i.e. benevolence ("philanthropy") θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very ἡμῶν (hēmōn, G2257) — of (or from) us σωτήρ (sōtḗr, G4990) — a deliverer, i.e. God or Christ ἐπιφαίνω (epiphaínō, G2014) — to shine upon, i.e. become (literally) visible or (figuratively) known
Quelle öffnen ↗οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not ἐκ (ek, G1537) — literal or figurative; direct or remote) ἔργον (érgon, G2041) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosýnē, G1343) — equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that ἡμεῖς (hēmeîs, G2249) — we (only used when emphatic) ποιέω (poiéō, G4160) — to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct) ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἔλεος (éleos, G1656) — compassion (human or divine, especially active) σώζω (sṓzō, G4982) — to save, i.e. deliver or protect (literally or figuratively) ἡμᾶς (hēmâs, G2248) — us
Quelle öffnen ↗ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that ἐκχέω (ekchéō, G1632) — to pour forth; figuratively, to bestow ἐπί (epí, G1909) — properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of… ἡμᾶς (hēmâs, G2248) — us πλουσίως (plousíōs, G4146) — copiously διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, G2424) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites Χριστός (Christós, G5547) — anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus ἡμῶν (hēmōn, G2257) — of (or from) us σωτήρ (sōtḗr, G4990) — a deliverer, i.e. God or Christ
Quelle öffnen ↗ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) δικαιόω (dikaióō, G1344) — to render (i.e. show or regard as) just or innocent ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, G1565) — that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed χάρις (cháris, G5485) — graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative… γίνομαι (gínomai, G1096) — to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with… κληρονόμος (klēronómos, G2818) — a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… ἐλπίς (elpís, G1680) — expectation (abstractly or concretely) or confidence αἰώνιος (aiṓnios, G166) — perpetual (also used of past time, or past and future as well) ζωή (zōḗ, G2222) — life (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗πιστός (pistós, G4103) — objectively, trustworthy; subjectively, trustful λόγος (lógos, G3056) — something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse),… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… περί (perí, G4012) — properly, through (all over), i.e. around; figuratively with respect to; used in various… τούτων (toútōn, G5130) — of (from or concerning) these (persons or things) βούλομαι (boúlomai, G1014) — to "will," i.e. (reflexively) be willing σέ (sé, G4571) — thee διαβεβαιόομαι (diabebaióomai, G1226) — to confirm thoroughly (by words), i.e. asseverate ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) πιστεύω (pisteúō, G4100) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by… θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very φροντίζω (phrontízō, G5431) — to exercise thought, i.e. be anxious προΐστημι (proḯstēmi, G4291) — to stand before, i.e. (in rank) to preside, or (by implication) to practise καλός (kalós, G2570)
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. περιΐστημι (periḯstēmi, G4026) — to stand all around, i.e. (near) to be a bystander, or (aloof) to keep away from μωρός (mōrós, G3474) — dull or stupid (as if shut up), i.e. heedless, (morally) blockhead, (apparently) absurd ζήτησις (zḗtēsis, G2214) — a searching (properly, the act), i.e. a dispute or its theme καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… γενεαλογία (genealogía, G1076) — tracing by generations, i.e. "genealogy" ἔρις (éris, G2054) — a quarrel, i.e. (by implication) wrangling μάχη (máchē, G3163) — a battle, i.e. (figuratively) controversy νομικός (nomikós, G3544) — according (or pertaining) to law, i.e. legal (ceremonially); as noun, an expert in the… γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… εἰσί (eisí, G1526) — they are ἀνωφελής (anōphelḗs, G512) — useless or (neuter) inutility μάταιος (mátaios, G3152) — empty, i.e. (literally) profitless, or (specially), an idol
Quelle öffnen ↗ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, G444) — from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)); man-faced, i.e. a human being αἱρετικός (hairetikós, G141) — a schismatic μετά (metá, G3326) — properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according… μία (mía, G3391) — one or first καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… δεύτερος (deúteros, G1208) — (ordinal) second (in time, place, or rank; also adverb) νουθεσία (nouthesía, G3559) — calling attention to, i.e. (by implication) mild rebuke or warning παραιτέομαι (paraitéomai, G3868) — to beg off, i.e. deprecate, decline, shun
Quelle öffnen ↗εἴδω (eídō, G1492) — used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because τοιοῦτος (toioûtos, G5108) — truly this, i.e. of this sort (to denote character or individuality) ἐκστρέφω (ekstréphō, G1612) — to pervert (figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἁμαρτάνω (hamartánō, G264) — properly, to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), i.e. (figuratively) to err,… ὤν (ṓn, G5607) — being αὐτοκατάκριτος (autokatákritos, G843) — self-condemned
Quelle öffnen ↗ὅταν (hótan, G3752) — whenever (implying hypothesis or more or less uncertainty); also causatively… πέμπω (pémpō, G3992) — to dispatch (from the subjective view or point of departure, whereas (as a stronger form… Ἀρτεμάς (Artemás, G734) — gift of Artemis; Artemas (or Artemidorus), a Christian πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… σέ (sé, G4571) — thee ἤ (ḗ, G2228) — disjunctive, or; comparative, than Τυχικός (Tychikós, G5190) — fortuitous, i.e. fortunate; Tychicus, a Christian σπουδάζω (spoudázō, G4704) — to use speed, i.e. to make effort, be prompt or earnest ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) μέ (mé, G3165) — me εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… Νικόπολις (Nikópolis, G3533) — victorious city; Nicopolis, a place in Macedonia γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… κρίνω (krínō, G2919) — by implication, to try, condemn, punish
Quelle öffnen ↗προπέμπω (propémpō, G4311) — to send forward, i.e. escort or aid in travel Ζηνᾶς (Zēnâs, G2211) — Jove-given; Zenas, a Christian νομικός (nomikós, G3544) — according (or pertaining) to law, i.e. legal (ceremonially); as noun, an expert in the… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… Ἀπολλῶς (Apollōs, G625) — Apollos, an Israelite σπουδαίως (spoudaíōs, G4709) — earnestly, promptly ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) μηδείς (mēdeís, G3367) — not even one (man, woman, thing) λείπω (leípō, G3007) — to leave, i.e. (intransitively or passively) to fail or be absent αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the…
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. μανθάνω (manthánō, G3129) — to learn (in any way) ἡμέτερος (hēméteros, G2251) — our καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… προΐστημι (proḯstēmi, G4291) — to stand before, i.e. (in rank) to preside, or (by implication) to practise καλός (kalós, G2570) ἔργον (érgon, G2041) — toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… ἀναγκαῖος (anankaîos, G316) — necessary; by implication, close (of kin) χρεία (chreía, G5532) — employment, i.e. an affair; also (by implication) occasion, demand, requirement or… ἵνα μή (hína mḗ, G3363) — in order (or so) that not ὦ (ō, G5600) — (may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with G1487 (εἰ) and its… ἄκαρπος (ákarpos, G175) — barren (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Wenn der Zorn des Herrschers gegen dich entbrennt, so verlaße deinen Posten nicht; denn Gelassenheit verhütet große Sünden.
Fürchte den HERRN, mein Sohn, und den König, und laß dich nicht mit Neuerungssüchtigen ein!
Sie sprachen zu ihm: Des Kaisers. Da spricht er zu ihnen: So gebet dem Kaiser, was des Kaisers ist, und Gott, was Gottes ist!
und ein Zeugnis guter Werke hat; wenn sie Kinder auferzogen, Gastfreundschaft geübt, der Heiligen Füße gewaschen, Bedrängten ausgeholfen hat, jedem guten Werk nachgekommen ist.
Wenn nun jemand sich von solchen reinigt, wird er ein Gefäß zur Ehre sein, geheiligt und dem Hausherrn nützlich, zu jedem guten Werke zubereitet.
Aus diesem Grunde erinnere ich dich daran, die Gabe Gottes anzufachen, die durch Auflegung meiner Hände in dir ist;
der rüste euch mit allem Guten aus, seinen Willen zu tun, indem er selbst in euch schafft, was vor ihm wohlgefällig ist, durch Jesus Christus. Ihm sei die Ehre von Ewigkeit zu Ewigkeit! Amen.
Darum, meine geliebten Brüder, seid fest, unbeweglich, nehmet immer zu in dem Werke des Herrn, weil ihr wisset, daß eure Arbeit nicht vergeblich ist in dem Herrn!
Wenn du den Brüdern solches vorhältst, wirst du ein guter Diener Jesu Christi sein, genährt mit den Worten des Glaubens und der guten Lehre, welcher du nachgefolgt bist.
der sich selbst für uns dahingegeben hat, um uns von aller Ungerechtigkeit zu erlösen und für ihn selbst ein Volk zu reinigen zum Eigentum, das fleißig sei zu guten Werken.