4. Mose 30
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Gracious promises are given to the penitent, Deu 30:1-6. The Lord will circumcise their heart, and put all these curses on their enemies, if they hearken to his voice and keep his testimonies, Deu 30:7-10. The word is near to them, and easy to be understood, Deu 30:11-14. Life and death, a blessing and a curse, are set before them; and they are exhorted to love the Lord, obey his voice, and cleave unto him, that they may inherit the land promised to Abraham, Deu 30:15-20.
Quelle öffnen ↗VOWS ARE NOT TO BE BROKEN. (Num. 30:1-16) This is the thing which the Lord hath commanded--The subject of this chapter relates to vowing, which seems to have been an ancient usage, allowed by the law to remain, and by which some people declared their intention of offering some gift on the altar or abstaining from particular articles of meat or drink, of observing a private fast, or doing something to the honor or in the service of God, over and above what was authoritatively required. In Num 29:39, mention was made of "vows and freewill offerings," and it is probable, from the explanatory nature of the rules laid down in this chapter, that these were given for the removal of doubts and difficulties which conscientious persons had felt about their obligation to perform their vows in certain circumstances that had arisen.
Quelle öffnen ↗And Moses spake unto the heads of the tribes,.... Or the princes of them, who could more easily be convened, and who used to meet on certain occasions, and on whom it lay to see various laws put in execution: concerning the children of Israel; how they ought to conduct and behave in the following case, it being an affair which concerned them all: saying, this is the thing which the Lord hath commanded; relating to vows. Aben Ezra is of opinion that this was delivered after the battle with Midian, of which there is an account in the following chapter, and is occasioned by what was said, to the tribes of Gad and Reuben, Num 32:24. do that which hath proceeded out of your mouth; to which they replied: thy servants will do as my lord commandeth; upon which the nature of a vow, and the manner of keeping it, are observed; but the occasion of it rather seems to be what is said towards the close of the foregoing chapter, Num 29:39, that the various sacrifices there directed were to be offered in their season, besides the vows and freewill offerings; and when these were ratified and confirmed, and when null and void, and to be fulfilled or neglected, is the principal business of this chapter.
Quelle öffnen ↗The rules by which vows were to be legally regulated, so far as their objects and their discharge were concerned, has been already laid down in Lev; but the chapter before us contains instructions with reference to the force of vows and renunciations. These are so far in place in connection with the general rules of sacrifice, that vows related for the most part to the presentation of sacrifices; and even vows of renunciation partook of the character of worship. The instructions in question were addressed (Num 30:1) to "the heads of the tribes," because they entered into the sphere of civil rights, namely, into that of family life.
Quelle öffnen ↗This law was delivered to the heads of the tribes that they might instruct those who were under their charge, explain the law to them, give then necessary cautions, and call them to account, if there were occasion, for the breach of their vows. Perhaps the heads of the tribes had, upon some emergency of this kind, consulted Moses, and desired by him to know the mind of God, and here they are told it: This is the thing which the Lord has commanded concerning vows, and it is a command still in force. 1. The case supposed is that a person vows a vow unto the Lord, making God a party to the promise, and designing his honour and glory in it. The matter of the vow is supposed to be something lawful: no man can be by his own promise bound to do that which he is already by the divine precept prohibited from doing. Yet it is supposed to be something which, in such and such measures and degrees, was not a necessary duty antecedent to the vow. A person might vow to bring such and such sacrifices at certain times, to give such and such a sum or such a proportion in alms, to forbear such meats and drinks which the law allowed, to fast and afflict the soul (which is specified Num 30:13) at other times besides the day of atonement. And many similar vows might be made in an extraordinary heat of holy zeal, in humiliation for some sin committed or for the prevention of sin, in the pursuit of some mercy desired or in gratitude for some mercy received. It is of great use to make such vows as these, provided they be made in sincerity with due caution. Vows (say the Jewish doctors) are the hedge of separation, that is, a fence to religion. He that vows is here said to bind his soul with a bond. It is a vow to God, who is a spirit, and to him the soul, with all its powers, must be bound. A p…
Quelle öffnen ↗30:1-16 Vows were an important way to express devotion or piety, but were sometimes made in haste and were often forgotten. Voluntary pledges were commonly made on special religious occasions or in times of war. Perhaps the reference to vows and voluntary offerings (29:39) prompted the further discussion here (cp. 15:3; see also 6:1-21; Lev 5:4-5; 27:1-34; Deut 23:21-23). These instructions were applied in the case of Hannah and Elkanah (1 Sam 1:1-28). Such practices, which included fasting, continued into the New Testament period (e.g., Matt 6:16; 15:3-9; Acts 18:18; 21:23). Vows of females—young and unmarried or adult and married—were subject to approval by the responsible male who would be a financial partner in the vow. Nobody, male or female, young or old, should make a vow to God and then neglect it. 30:1-2 Vows included promises of offerings (e.g., Hannah’s vow, 1 Sam 1) and pledges of abstinence (e.g., the Nazirite vow, Num 6). Jesus made reference to the instruction regarding vows in the Sermon on the Mount (Matt 5:33).
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
מֹשֶׁה (Môsheh, H4872) — Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… מַטֶּה (maṭṭeh, H4294) — a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God צָוָה (tsâvâh, H6680) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… נָדַר (nâdar, H5087) — to promise (pos., to do or give something to God) נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God שָׁבַע (shâbaʻ, H7650) — to seven oneself, i.e. swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times) שְׁבוּעָה (shᵉbûwʻâh, H7621) — properly, something sworn, i.e. an oath אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) חָלַל (châlal, H2490) — properly, to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane… דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… פֶּה (peh, H6310) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech);…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman נָדַר (nâdar, H5087) — to promise (pos., to do or give something to God) נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) נָעוּר (nâʻûwr, H5271) — (only in plural collectively or emphatic form) youth, the state (juvenility) or the…
Quelle öffnen ↗אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… חָרַשׁ (chârash, H2790) — to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
Quelle öffnen ↗אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application נוּא (nûwʼ, H5106) — to refuse, forbid, dissuade, or neutralize יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God סָלַח (çâlach, H5545) — to forgive
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised מִבְטָא (mibṭâʼ, H4008) — a rash utterance (hasty vow) שָׂפָה (sâphâh, H8193) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a… אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… חָרַשׁ (chârash, H2790) — to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to… יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… נוּא (nûwʼ, H5106) — to refuse, forbid, dissuade, or neutralize יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised מִבְטָא (mibṭâʼ, H4008) — a rash utterance (hasty vow) שָׂפָה (sâphâh, H8193) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a… אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… פָּרַר (pârar, H6565) — to break up (usually figuratively), i.e. to violate, frustrate יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God סָלַח (çâlach, H5545) — to forgive
Quelle öffnen ↗נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised אַלְמָנָה (ʼalmânâh, H490) — a widow; also a desolate place גָּרַשׁ (gârash, H1644) — to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
Quelle öffnen ↗נָדַר (nâdar, H5087) — to promise (pos., to do or give something to God) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) שְׁבוּעָה (shᵉbûwʻâh, H7621) — properly, something sworn, i.e. an oath
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… חָרַשׁ (chârash, H2790) — to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to… נוּא (nûwʼ, H5106) — to refuse, forbid, dissuade, or neutralize נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in…
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… פָּרַר (pârar, H6565) — to break up (usually figuratively), i.e. to violate, frustrate יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… מוֹצָא (môwtsâʼ, H4161) — a going forth, i.e. (the act) an egress, or (the place) an exit; hence, a source or… שָׂפָה (sâphâh, H8193) — the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a… נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God סָלַח (çâlach, H5545) — to forgive
Quelle öffnen ↗נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) שְׁבוּעָה (shᵉbûwʻâh, H7621) — properly, something sworn, i.e. an oath עָנָה (ʻânâh, H6031) — to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various… נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) פָּרַר (pârar, H6565) — to break up (usually figuratively), i.e. to violate, frustrate
Quelle öffnen ↗אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… חָרַשׁ (chârash, H2790) — to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to… יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) נֶדֶר (neder, H5088) — a promise (to God); also (concretely) a thing promised אֱסָר (ʼĕçâr, H632) — an obligation or vow (of abstinence) שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,…
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
da opferten die Fürsten Israels, die Häupter ihrer Vaterhäuser, jene Stammesfürsten, welche der Musterung vorstanden.
Denn er erwählte wackere Männer aus ganz Israel und machte sie zu Häuptern über das Volk, zu Obern über tausend, über hundert, über fünfzig und über zehn,