Galater 2
Eine verständliche Vertiefung zum ganzen Kapitel. Kapitel lesen →
Kommentare
Auszüge aus veröffentlichten Kommentaren, die die Auslegung untermauern.
Then fourteen years after - There is a considerable difference among critics concerning the time specified in this verse; the apostle is however generally supposed to refer to the journey he took to Jerusalem, about the question of circumcision, mentioned in Act 15:4-5, etc. These years, says Dr. Whitby, must be reckoned from the time of his conversion, mentioned here Gal 1:18, which took place a.d. 35 (33); his journey to Peter was a.d. 38 (36), and then between that and the council of Jerusalem, assembled a.d. 49 (52), will be fourteen intervening years. The dates in brackets are according to the chronology which I follow in the Acts of the Apostles. Dr. Whitby has some objections against this chronology, which may be seen in his notes. Others contend that the journey of which the apostle speaks is that mentioned Act 11:27, etc., when Barnabas and Saul were sent by the Church of Antioch with relief to the poor Christians in Judea; there being at that time a great dearth in that land. St. Luke's not mentioning Titus in that journey is no valid objection against it: for he does not mention him in any part of his history, this being the first place in which his name occurs. And it does seem as if St. Paul did intend purposely to supply that defect, by his saying, I went up with Barnabas, and took Titus with me also. The former St. Luke relates, Act 11:30; the latter St. Paul supplies.
Quelle öffnen ↗HIS CO-ORDINATE AUTHORITY AS APOSTLE OF THE CIRCUMCISION RECOGNIZED BY THE APOSTLES. PROVED BY HIS REBUKING PETER FOR TEMPORIZING AT ANTIOCH: HIS REASONING AS TO THE INCONSISTENCY OF JUDAIZING WITH JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH. (Gal. 2:1-21) Translate, "After fourteen years"; namely, from Paul's conversion inclusive [ALFORD]. In the fourteenth year from his conversion [BIRKS]. The same visit to Jerusalem as in Act 15:1-4 (A.D. 50), when the council of the apostles and Church decided that Gentile Christians need not be circumcised. His omitting allusion to that decree is; (1) Because his design here is to show the Galatians his own independent apostolic authority, whence he was not likely to support himself by their decision. Thus we see that general councils are not above apostles. (2) Because he argues the point upon principle, not authoritative decisions. (3) The decree did not go the length of the position maintained here: the council did not impose Mosaic ordinances; the apostle maintains that the Mosaic institution itself is at an end. (4) The Galatians were Judaizing, not because the Jewish law was imposed by authority of the Church as necessary to Christianity, but because they thought it necessary to be observed by those who aspired to higher perfection (Gal 3:3; Gal 4:21). The decree would not at all disprove their view, and therefore would have been useless to quote. Paul meets them by a far more direct confutation, "Christ is of no effect unto you whosoever are justified by the law" (Gal 5:4), [PALEY]. Titus . . . also--specified on account of what follows as to him, in Gal 2:3. Paul and Barnabas, and others, were deputed by the Church of Antioch (Act 15:2) to consult the apostles and elders at Jerusalem on the question of circumcision of Gentile Christians.
Quelle öffnen ↗Then fourteen years after I went up again to Jerusalem,.... That is, either after it pleased God to call him by his grace, and reveal his Son in him; or rather after he had been at Jerusalem to see Peter, with whom he stayed fifteen days, and then went into Syria and Cilicia; so that it was seventeen years after his conversion that he took this journey to Jerusalem he here speaks of; and he seems to refer to the time when he and Barnabas went from the church at Antioch to the apostles and elders about the question, whether circumcision was necessary to salvation, Act 15:1 which entirely agrees with the account the apostle here gives of this journey, and which he went not alone, but with Barnabas: and took Titus with me also; Barnabas is mentioned in Luke's account as going with him at this time, but Titus is not; who, though he was not sent by the church, yet the apostle might judge it proper and prudent to take him with him, who was converted by him, was a minister of the Gospel, and continued uncircumcised; and the rather he might choose to have him along with him, partly that he might be confirmed in the faith the apostle had taught him; and partly that he might be a living testimony of the agreement between the apostle's principles and practice; and that having him and Barnabas, he might have a competent number of witnesses to testify to the doctrines he preached, the miracles he wrought, and the success that attended him among the Gentiles; and to relate, upon their return, what passed between him and the elders at Jerusalem; for by the mouth of two or three witnesses everything is established.
Quelle öffnen ↗It should seem, by the account Paul gives of himself in this chapter, that, from the very first preaching and planting of Christianity, there was a difference of apprehension between those Christians who had first been Jews and those who had first been Gentiles. Many of those who had first been Jews retained a regard to the ceremonial law, and strove to keep up the reputation of that; but those who had first been Gentiles had no regard to the law of Moses, but took pure Christianity as perfective of natural religion, and resolved to adhere to that. Peter was the apostle to them; and the ceremonial law, though dead with Christ, yet not being as yet buried, he connived at the respect kept up for it. But Paul was the apostle of the Gentiles; and, though he was a Hebrew of the Hebrews, yet he adhered to pure Christianity. Now in this chapter he tells us what passed between him and the other apostles, and particularly between him and Peter hereupon. In these verses he informs us of another journey which he took to Jerusalem, and of what passed between him and the other apostles there, Gal 2:1-10. Here he acquaints us, I. With some circumstances relating to this his journey thither. As particularly, 1. With the time of it: that it was not till fourteen years after the former (mentioned Gal 1:18), or, as others choose to understand it, from his conversion, or from the death of Christ. It was an instance of the great goodness of God that so useful a person was for so many years preserved in his work. And it was some evidence that he had no dependence upon the other apostles, but had an equal authority with them, that he had been so long absent from them, and was all the while employed in preaching and propagating pure Christianity, without being called into question by them for…
Quelle öffnen ↗2:1-10 During Paul’s second visit to Jerusalem, the other apostles affirmed his message. Traditionally, this passage has been seen as a description of the church council (Acts 15:1-41), but it is much more likely that Paul was talking about his previous visit to Jerusalem (Acts 11:30; 12:25; see Galatians Book Introduction, “Date of Writing”). 2:1 Counting fourteen years from Paul’s conversion (1:15-17), instead of from his previous visit (1:18), fits well with Acts. • That Barnabas was familiar to the Galatians suggests that the Galatians were evangelized during the first missionary journey (Acts 13:4–14:26; see Galatians Book Introduction, “Recipients”). • Titus: See “Titus” Profile.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
ἔπειτα (épeita, G1899) — thereafter δεκατέσσαρες (dekatéssares, G1180) — ten and four, i.e. fourteen ἔτος (étos, G2094) — a year διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) ἀναβαίνω (anabaínō, G305) — to go up (literally or figuratively) πάλιν (pálin, G3825) — (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally)… εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… Ἱεροσόλυμα (Hierosólyma, G2414) — Hierosolyma (i.e. Jerushalaim), the capitol of Palestine μετά (metá, G3326) — properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according… Βαρνάβας (Barnábas, G921) — son of Nabas (i.e. prophecy); Barnabas, an Israelite συμπαραλαμβάνω (symparalambánō, G4838) — to take along in company Τίτος (Títos, G5103) — Titus, a Christian καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other…
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἀναβαίνω (anabaínō, G305) — to go up (literally or figuratively) κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… ἀποκάλυψις (apokálypsis, G602) — disclosure καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀνατίθεμαι (anatíthemai, G394) — to set forth (for oneself), i.e propound αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, G2098) — a good message, i.e. the gospel ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that κηρύσσω (kērýssō, G2784) — to herald (as a public crier), especially divine truth (the gospel) ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. ἔθνος (éthnos, G1484) — a race (as of the same habit), i.e. a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-Jewish) one… ἴδιος (ídios, G2398) — pertaining to self, i.e. one's own; by implication, private or separate δοκέω (dokéō, G1380) — compare the base of G1166 (δεικνύω)) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to…
Quelle öffnen ↗ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) οὐδέ (oudé, G3761) — not however, i.e. neither, nor, not even Τίτος (Títos, G5103) — Titus, a Christian ὁ (ho, G3588) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom) σύν (sýn, G4862) — with or together (but much closer than G3326 (μετά) or G3844 (παρά)), i.e. by… ἐμοί (emoí, G1698) — to me ὤν (ṓn, G5607) — being Ἕλλην (Héllēn, G1672) — a Hellen (Grecian) or inhabitant of Hellas; by extension a Greek-speaking person,… ἀναγκάζω (anankázō, G315) — to necessitate περιτέμνω (peritémnō, G4059) — to cut around, i.e. (specially) to circumcise
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. διά (diá, G1223) — through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional) ψευδάδελφος (pseudádelphos, G5569) — a spurious brother, i.e. pretended associate παρείσακτος (pareísaktos, G3920) — smuggled in ὅστις (hóstis, G3748) — which some, i.e. any that; also (definite) which same παρεισέρχομαι (pareisérchomai, G3922) — to come in alongside, i.e. supervene additionally or steathily κατασκοπέω (kataskopéō, G2684) — to be a sentinel, i.e. to inspect insidiously ἡμῶν (hēmōn, G2257) — of (or from) us ἐλευθερία (eleuthería, G1657) — freedom (legitimate or licentious, chiefly moral or ceremonial) ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that ἔχω (échō, G2192) — to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote;… ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. Χριστός (Christós, G5547) — anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, G2424) — Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
Quelle öffnen ↗ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that εἴκω (eíkō, G1502) — properly, to be weak, i.e. yield ὑποταγή (hypotagḗ, G5292) — subordination οὐδέ (oudé, G3761) — not however, i.e. neither, nor, not even πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… ὥρα (hṓra, G5610) — an "hour" (literally or figuratively) ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) ἀλήθεια (alḗtheia, G225) — truth εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, G2098) — a good message, i.e. the gospel διαμένω (diaménō, G1265) — to stay constantly (in being or relation) ὑμᾶς (hymâs, G5209) — you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἀπό (apó, G575) — "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation;… δοκέω (dokéō, G1380) — compare the base of G1166 (δεικνύω)) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to… εἶναι (eînai, G1511) — to exist τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object ὁποῖος (hopoîos, G3697) — of what kind that, i.e. how (as) great (excellent) (specially, as an indefinite… ποτέ (poté, G4218) — indefinite adverb, at some time, ever ἦν (ēn, G2258) — I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were) διαφέρω (diaphérō, G1308) — to bear through, i.e. (literally) transport; usually to bear apart, i.e. (objectively) to… οὐδείς (oudeís, G3762) — not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e. none, nobody, nothing μοί (moí, G3427) — to me θεός (theós, G2316) — figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very λαμβάνω (lambánō, G2983) — while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent, to seize or remove)) οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not
Quelle öffnen ↗ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) τοὐναντίον (tounantíon, G5121) — on the contrary εἴδω (eídō, G1492) — used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, G2098) — a good message, i.e. the gospel ἀκροβυστία (akrobystía, G203) — the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate)… πιστεύω (pisteúō, G4100) — to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by… καθώς (kathṓs, G2531) — just (or inasmuch) as, that περιτομή (peritomḗ, G4061) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively) Πέτρος (Pétros, G4074) — a (piece of) rock (larger than G3037 (λίθος)); as a name, Petrus, an apostle
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… ἐνεργέω (energéō, G1754) — to be active, efficient Πέτρος (Pétros, G4074) — a (piece of) rock (larger than G3037 (λίθος)); as a name, Petrus, an apostle εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… ἀποστολή (apostolḗ, G651) — commission, i.e. (specially) apostolate περιτομή (peritomḗ, G4061) — circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐμοί (emoí, G1698) — to me ἔθνος (éthnos, G1484) — a race (as of the same habit), i.e. a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-Jewish) one…
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos, G2385) — Jacobus, the name of three Israelites Κηφᾶς (Kēphâs, G2786) — the Rock; Cephas (i.e. Kepha), a surname of Peter Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs, G2491) — Joannes (i.e. Jochanan), the name of four Israelites ὁ (ho, G3588) — the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom) δοκέω (dokéō, G1380) — compare the base of G1166 (δεικνύω)) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to… εἶναι (eînai, G1511) — to exist στῦλος (stŷlos, G4769) — properly akin to the base of G2476 (ἵστημι)); a post ("style"), i.e. (figuratively)… γινώσκω (ginṓskō, G1097) — to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as… χάρις (cháris, G5485) — graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative… δίδωμι (dídōmi, G1325) — to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or… μοί (moí, G3427) — to me ἐμοί (emoí, G1698) — to me Βαρνάβας (Barnábas, G921) — son of Nabas (i.e. prophecy); Barnabas, an Israelite
Quelle öffnen ↗μόνον (mónon, G3440) — merely ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) μνημονεύω (mnēmoneúō, G3421) — to exercise memory, i.e. recollect; by implication, to punish; also to rehearse πτωχός (ptōchós, G4434) — akin to G4422 (πτοέω) and the alternate of G4098 (πίπτω)); a beggar (as cringing), i.e.… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… τοῦτο (toûto, G5124) — that thing ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that σπουδάζω (spoudázō, G4704) — to use speed, i.e. to make effort, be prompt or earnest καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ποιέω (poiéō, G4160) — to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ὅτε (hóte, G3753) — at which (thing) too, i.e. when Πέτρος (Pétros, G4074) — a (piece of) rock (larger than G3037 (λίθος)); as a name, Petrus, an apostle ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… Ἀντιόχεια (Antiócheia, G490) — Antiochia, a place in Syria ἀνθίστημι (anthístēmi, G436) — to stand against, i.e. oppose αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… κατά (katá, G2596) — (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case… πρόσωπον (prósōpon, G4383) — the front (as being towards view), i.e. the countenance, aspect, appearance, surface; by… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because ἦν (ēn, G2258) — I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were) καταγινώσκω (kataginṓskō, G2607) — to note against, i.e. find fault with
Quelle öffnen ↗γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… πρό (pró, G4253) — "fore", i.e. in front of, prior (figuratively, superior) to τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) ἀπό (apó, G575) — "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation;… Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos, G2385) — Jacobus, the name of three Israelites συνεσθίω (synesthíō, G4906) — to take food in company with μετά (metá, G3326) — properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according… ἔθνος (éthnos, G1484) — a race (as of the same habit), i.e. a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-Jewish) one… δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ὅτε (hóte, G3753) — at which (thing) too, i.e. when ὑποστέλλω (hypostéllō, G5288) — to withhold under (out of sight), i.e. (reflexively) to cower or shrink, (figuratively)… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀφορίζω (aphorízō, G873) — to set off by boundary, i.e. (figuratively) limit, exclude, appoint, etc.
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… λοιποί (loipoí, G3062) — remaining ones Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos, G2453) — Judæan, i.e. belonging to Jehudah συνυποκρίνομαι (synypokrínomai, G4942) — to act hypocritically in concert with αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ὥστε (hṓste, G5620) — so too, i.e. thus therefore (in various relations of consecution, as follow) Βαρνάβας (Barnábas, G921) — son of Nabas (i.e. prophecy); Barnabas, an Israelite συναπάγω (synapágō, G4879) — to take off together, i.e. transport with (seduce, passively, yield) ὑπόκρισις (hypókrisis, G5272) — acting under a feigned part, i.e. (figuratively) deceit ("hypocrisy")
Quelle öffnen ↗ἀλλά (allá, G235) — properly, other things, i.e. (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations) ὅτε (hóte, G3753) — at which (thing) too, i.e. when εἴδω (eídō, G1492) — used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because ὀρθοποδέω (orthopodéō, G3716) — to be straight-footed, i.e. (figuratively) to go directly forward οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… ἀλήθεια (alḗtheia, G225) — truth εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, G2098) — a good message, i.e. the gospel ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) Πέτρος (Pétros, G4074) — a (piece of) rock (larger than G3037 (λίθος)); as a name, Petrus, an apostle ἔμπροσθεν (émprosthen, G1715) — in front of (in place (literally or figuratively) or time) πᾶς (pâs, G3956) — all, any, every, the whole εἰ (ei, G1487) — if, whether, that, etc.
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Es wurde aber nicht einmal mein Begleiter, Titus, obschon er ein Grieche ist, gezwungen, sich beschneiden zu lassen.
Und sie nannten den Barnabas Jupiter, den Paulus aber Merkur, weil er das Wort führte.
Aber die Juden reizten die andächtigen und angesehenen Frauen und die Vornehmsten der Stadt auf und erregten eine Verfolgung gegen Paulus und Barnabas und vertrieben sie aus ihrem Gebiet.
Darauf, nach drei Jahren, zog ich nach Jerusalem hinauf, um Petrus kennen zu lernen, und blieb fünfzehn Tage bei ihm.
Oder haben nur ich und Barnabas keine Vollmacht, die Arbeit zu unterlassen?
Es grüßt euch Aristarchus, mein Mitgefangener, und Markus, der Vetter des Barnabas, betreffs dessen ihr Befehle erhalten habt (wenn er zu euch kommt, so nehmet ihn auf!),
an Titus, den echten Sohn nach dem gemeinsamen Glauben: Gnade, Barmherzigkeit, Friede von Gott, dem Vater und dem Herrn Jesus Christus, unsrem Retter.
Als sie nun dem Herrn dienten und fasteten, sprach der heilige Geist: Sondert mir Barnabas und Saulus aus zu dem Werk, zu welchem ich sie berufen habe!
Barnabas aber und Saulus kehrten von Jerusalem zurück, nachdem sie die Hilfeleistung ausgerichtet hatten, und nahmen auch Johannes mit dem Zunamen Markus mit sich.
Und Barnabas zog aus nach Tarsus, um Saulus aufzusuchen, und als er ihn gefunden hatte, brachte er ihn nach Antiochia.