Markus 12
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A certain man planted a vineyard - See this parable explained, Mat 21:33-41 (note).
Quelle öffnen ↗CHRIST'S PROPHECY OF THE DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM, AND WARNINGS SUGGESTED BY IT TO PREPARE FOR HIS SECOND COMING. ( = Mat. 24:1-51; Luke 21:5-36). (Mark 13:1-37) And as he went out of the temple, one of his disciples saith unto him--The other Evangelists are less definite. "As some spake," says Luke (Luk 21:5); "His disciples came to Him," says Matthew (Mat 24:2). Doubtless it was the speech of one, the mouthpiece, likely, of others. Master--Teacher. see what manner of stones and what buildings are here--wondering probably, how so massive a pile could be overthrown, as seemed implied in our Lord's last words regarding it. JOSEPHUS, who gives a minute account of the wonderful structure, speaks of stones forty cubits long [Wars of the Jews, 5.5.1.] and says the pillars supporting the porches were twenty-five cubits high, all of one stone, and that of the whitest marble [Wars of the Jews, 5.5.2]. Six days' battering at the walls, during the siege, made no impression upon them [Wars of the Jews, 6.4.1]. Some of the under-building, yet remaining, and other works, are probably as old as the first temple.
Quelle öffnen ↗And he began to speak unto them by parables,.... As of the two sons the father bid go to work in the vineyard; and of the planting of a vineyard, and letting it out to husbandmen, as here; though the latter is only related by this evangelist, yet both are by Matthew. This was not the first time of his speaking by parables to the people, though it might be the first time he spake in this way to the chief priests and elders, and who are particularly designed in them. A certain man planted a vineyard. The Persic version adds, "with many trees": that is, with vines, though sometimes other trees, as fig trees, were planted in vineyards; see Luk 13:6. This man is, by the Evangelist Matthew, called an "householder": by whom is meant God the Father, as distinguished from his Son, he is afterward said to send: and by the "vineyard", planted by him, is meant the vineyard of the Lord of hosts, the men of Israel, Isa 5:1; and set an hedge about it, or "wall", as the Persic version renders it; meaning either the law, not the Jews oral law, or the traditions of the elders, which were not of God's setting, but the ceremonial and moral law; or the wall of protection by divine power, which was set around the Jewish nation especially when they went up to their solemn feasts. And digged a place for the winefat. The Syriac and Arabic versions add, "in it"; and the Persic version, "in the vineyard"; for this was made in the vineyard, where they, trod and squeezed the grapes when gathered; and may design the altar in the house of the Lord, where the libations, or drink offerings, were poured out; and built a tower. The Syriac, Arabic, and Ethiopic versions add, "in it"; for this also was built in the vineyard, and may intend either the city of Jerusalem; or the temple in it, the watch house…
Quelle öffnen ↗Christ had formerly in parables showed how he designed to set up the gospel church; now he begins in parables to show how he would lay aside the Jewish church, which it might have been grafted into the stock of, but was built upon the ruins of. This parable we had just as we have it here, Mat 21:33. We may observe here, I. They that enjoy the privileges of the visible church, have a vineyard let out to them, which is capable of great improvement, and from the occupiers of which rent is justly expected. When God showed his word unto Jacob, his statutes and judgments unto Israel (Psa 147:19), when he set up his temple among them, his priesthood, and his ordinances, then he let out to them the vineyard he had planted; which he hedged, and in which he built a tower, Mar 12:1. Members of the church are God's tenants, and they have both a good Landlord and a good bargain, and may live well upon it, if it be not their own fault. II. Those whom God lets out his vineyard to, he sends his servants to, to put them in mind of his just expectations from them, Mar 12:2. He was not hasty in his demands, nor high, for he did not send for the rent till they could make it, at the season; nor did he put them to the trouble of making money of it, but was willing to take it in specie. III. It is sad to think what base usage God's faithful ministers have met with, in all ages, from those that have enjoyed the privileges of the church, and have not brought forth fruit answerable. The Old Testament prophets were persecuted even by those that went under the name of the Old Testament church. They beat them, and sent them empty away (Mar 12:3); that was bad: they wounded them, and sent them away shamefully entreated (Mar 12:4); that was worse: nay, at length, they came to such a pitch of wickedne…
Quelle öffnen ↗12:1-12 The events of 11:27–12:44 all take place in the Temple (see 11:27; 13:1). This story (literally parable) is intimately tied to the previous question about Jesus’ authority (11:27-33) by the introductory words, Then Jesus began teaching them. This parable is an extended reply by Jesus to the religious leaders. • Jesus intended his audience to interpret this parable in light of Isa 5:1-7, a similar story of someone planting a vineyard, building a lookout tower, putting a fence around the vineyard, and digging a pit for a wine vat. A similar question is asked: What do you suppose the owner of the vineyard will do? (Mark 12:9; cp. Isa 5:4). Isaiah specifically identifies the vineyard as the people of Israel (Isa 5:7); Jesus’ hearers and Mark’s readers would similarly have understood the present story as an allegory about the Israelites. Other details in the story are also clearly meant to be interpreted allegorically: The tenants represent the leaders of Israel; the owner represents God; the servants represent the Old Testament prophets; the beloved son represents Jesus, the Son of God; the murder of the son represents Jesus’ crucifixion; and the giving of the vineyard to others represents the judgment coming upon Israel (Mark 11:15-17; 13:1-37). The interpretation would have been more clear to Mark’s readers than to Jesus’ original audience, but the religious leaders who were Jesus’ contemporaries understood it clearly enough that they sought to kill him (12:12). 12:1 The antecedent to them is the religious leaders of 11:27 (also in 12:12). • The beginning description of the story comes from Isa 5:1-7. Jesus’ audience knew the book of Isaiah well and would have immediately recalled this allegory of the vineyard.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἄρχομαι (árchomai, G756) — to commence (in order of time) λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. παραβολή (parabolḗ, G3850) — a similitude ("parable"), i.e. (symbolic) fictitious narrative (of common life conveying… ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, G444) — from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)); man-faced, i.e. a human being φυτεύω (phyteúō, G5452) — to set out in the earth, i.e. implant; figuratively, to instil doctrine ἀμπελών (ampelṓn, G290) — a vineyard περιτίθημι (peritíthēmi, G4060) — to place around; by implication, to present φραγμός (phragmós, G5418) — a fence, or inclosing barrier (literally or figuratively) ὀρύσσω (orýssō, G3736) — to "burrow" in the ground, i.e. dig ὑπολήνιον (hypolḗnion, G5276) — vessel or receptacle under the press, i.e. lower wine-vat οἰκοδομέω (oikodoméō, G3618) — to be a house-builder, i.e. construct or (figuratively) confirm
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… καιρός (kairós, G2540) — an occasion, i.e. set or proper time ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… γεωργός (geōrgós, G1092) — a land-worker, i.e. farmer δοῦλος (doûlos, G1401) — a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a… ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) λαμβάνω (lambánō, G2983) — while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent, to seize or remove)) παρά (pará, G3844) — properly, near; i.e. (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with… ἀπό (apó, G575) — "off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation;… καρπός (karpós, G2590) — fruit (as plucked), literally or figuratively ἀμπελών (ampelṓn, G290) — a vineyard
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. λαμβάνω (lambánō, G2983) — while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent, to seize or remove)) δέρω (dérō, G1194) — properly, to flay, i.e. (by implication) to scourge, or (by analogy) to thrash αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… κενός (kenós, G2756) — empty (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… πάλιν (pálin, G3825) — (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally)… ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἄλλος (állos, G243) — "else," i.e. different (in many applications) δοῦλος (doûlos, G1401) — a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a… κἀκεῖνος (kakeînos, G2548) — likewise that (or those) λιθοβολέω (lithoboléō, G3036) — to throw stones, i.e. lapidate κεφαλαιόω (kephalaióō, G2775) — (specially) to strike on the head ἀτιμόω (atimóō, G821) — used like G818 (ἀτιμάζω), to maltreat
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… πάλιν (pálin, G3825) — (adverbially) anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally)… ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… ἄλλος (állos, G243) — "else," i.e. different (in many applications) κἀκεῖνος (kakeînos, G2548) — likewise that (or those) ἀποκτείνω (apokteínō, G615) — to kill outright; figuratively, to destroy πολύς (polýs, G4183) — (singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial,… μέν (mén, G3303) — properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a… δέρω (dérō, G1194) — properly, to flay, i.e. (by implication) to scourge, or (by analogy) to thrash δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc.
Quelle öffnen ↗ἔχω (échō, G2192) — to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote;… ἔτι (éti, G2089) — "yet," still (of time or degree) οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly εἷς (heîs, G1520) — one υἱός (huiós, G5207) — a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively,… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἀγαπητός (agapētós, G27) — beloved ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἔσχατος (éschatos, G2078) — farthest, final (of place or time) πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because ἐντρέπω (entrépō, G1788) — to invert, i.e. (figuratively and reflexively) in a good sense, to respect; or in a bad…
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, G1565) — that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed γεωργός (geōrgós, G1092) — a land-worker, i.e. farmer ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… ἑαυτοῦ (heautoû, G1438) — him- (her-, it-, them-, also (in conjunction with the personal pronoun of the other… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because οὗτος (hoûtos, G3778) — the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated) ἐστί (estí, G2076) — he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are κληρονόμος (klēronómos, G2818) — a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor δεῦτε (deûte, G1205) — come hither! ἀποκτείνω (apokteínō, G615) — to kill outright; figuratively, to destroy αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other…
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… λαμβάνω (lambánō, G2983) — while G138 (αἱρέομαι) is more violent, to seize or remove)) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… ἀποκτείνω (apokteínō, G615) — to kill outright; figuratively, to destroy ἐκβάλλω (ekbállō, G1544) — to eject (literally or figuratively) ἔξω (éxō, G1854) — out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively ἀμπελών (ampelṓn, G290) — a vineyard
Quelle öffnen ↗τίς (tís, G5101) — an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions) ποιέω (poiéō, G4160) — to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct) οὖν (oûn, G3767) — (adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly κύριος (kýrios, G2962) — supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful… ἀμπελών (ampelṓn, G290) — a vineyard ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀπόλλυμι (apóllymi, G622) — to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively γεωργός (geōrgós, G1092) — a land-worker, i.e. farmer δίδωμι (dídōmi, G1325) — to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or… ἄλλος (állos, G243) — "else," i.e. different (in many applications)
Quelle öffnen ↗ἀναγινώσκω (anaginṓskō, G314) — to know again, i.e. (by extension) to read οὐδέ (oudé, G3761) — not however, i.e. neither, nor, not even ταύτῃ (taútēi, G5026) — (towards or of) this γραφή (graphḗ, G1124) — a document, i.e. holy Writ (or its contents or a statement in it) λίθος (líthos, G3037) — a stone (literally or figuratively) ὅς (hós, G3739) — the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that οἰκοδομέω (oikodoméō, G3618) — to be a house-builder, i.e. construct or (figuratively) confirm ἀποδοκιμάζω (apodokimázō, G593) — to disapprove, i.e. (by implication) to repudiate οὗτος (hoûtos, G3778) — the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated) γίνομαι (gínomai, G1096) — to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with… εἰς (eis, G1519) — to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively)… κεφαλή (kephalḗ, G2776) — the head (as the part most readily taken hold of), literally or figuratively γωνία (gōnía, G1137) — an angle
Quelle öffnen ↗οὗτος (hoûtos, G3778) — the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated) γίνομαι (gínomai, G1096) — to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with… κύριος (kýrios, G2962) — supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful… παρά (pará, G3844) — properly, near; i.e. (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with… καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἐστί (estí, G2076) — he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are θαυμαστός (thaumastós, G2298) — wondered at, i.e. (by implication) wonderful ἐν (en, G1722) — "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc. ἡμῶν (hēmōn, G2257) — of (or from) us ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós, G3788) — the eye (literally or figuratively); by implication, vision; figuratively, envy (from the…
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ζητέω (zētéō, G2212) — to seek (literally or figuratively); specially, (by Hebraism) to worship (God), or (in a… κρατέω (kratéō, G2902) — to use strength, i.e. seize or retain (literally or figuratively) αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… φοβέω (phobéō, G5399) — to frighten, i.e. (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e. revere ὄχλος (óchlos, G3793) — a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people;… γάρ (gár, G1063) — properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often… γινώσκω (ginṓskō, G1097) — to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because ἔπω (épō, G2036) — to speak or say (by word or writing) παραβολή (parabolḗ, G3850) — a similitude ("parable"), i.e. (symbolic) fictitious narrative (of common life conveying… πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… ἀφίημι (aphíēmi, G863) — an intensive form of , to go); to send forth, in various applications (as follow) ἀπέρχομαι (apérchomai, G565) — to go off (i.e. depart), aside (i.e. apart) or behind (i.e. follow), literally or…
Quelle öffnen ↗καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, G649) — set apart, i.e. (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or… πρός (prós, G4314) — a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e. toward (with the genitive case, the side of,… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… τὶς (tìs, G5100) — some or any person or object Φαρισαῖος (Pharisaîos, G5330) — a separatist, i.e. exclusively religious; a Pharisean, i.e. Jewish sectary Ἡρωδιανοί (Hērōdianoí, G2265) — Herodians, i.e. partisans of Herod ἵνα (hína, G2443) — compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result) ἀγρεύω (agreúō, G64) — to hunt, i.e. (figuratively) to entrap λόγος (lógos, G3056) — something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse),…
Quelle öffnen ↗δέ (dé, G1161) — but, and, etc. ἔρχομαι (érchomai, G2064) — to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) λέγω (légō, G3004) — properly, to "lay" forth, i.e. (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or… αὐτός (autós, G846) — the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438 (ἑαυτοῦ)) of the… διδάσκαλος (didáskalos, G1320) — an instructor (genitive case or specially) εἴδω (eídō, G1492) — used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700… ὅτι (hóti, G3754) — demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because εἶ (eî, G1488) — thou art ἀληθής (alēthḗs, G227) — true (as not concealing) καί (kaí, G2532) — and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other… σοί (soí, G4671) — to thee οὐ (ou, G3756) — the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not μέλω (mélō, G3199) — to be of interest to, i.e. to concern (only third person singular present indicative used… περί (perí, G4012) — properly, through (all over), i.e. around; figuratively with respect to; used in various…
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Es ist wie bei einem Menschen, der verreiste, sein Haus verließ und seinen Knechten Vollmacht gab, einem jeden sein Werk, und dem Türhüter befahl, daß er wachen solle:
Denn es ist wie bei einem Menschen, der verreisen wollte, seine Knechte rief und ihnen seine Güter übergab;
Und er lehrte sie vieles in Gleichnissen und sagte zu ihnen in seiner Lehre:
Das ist der, welcher in der Gemeinde in der Wüste war mit dem Engel, der auf dem Berge Sinai zu ihm redete und mit unsern Vätern, der lebendige Aussprüche empfing, um sie uns zu geben;
Er sprach nun: Ein Edelmann zog in ein fernes Land, um sich die Königswürde zu holen und alsdann wiederzukommen.
Zu jener Zeit wird jeder Ort, wo tausend Weinstöcke im Wert von tausend Silberlingen standen, zu Hecken und Dornen werden;
Er aber sprach: Euch ist es gegeben, die Geheimnisse des Reiches Gottes zu erkennen, den andern aber in Gleichnissen, auf daß sie sehen und doch nicht sehen, und hören und doch nicht verstehen.
Und doch hatte ich dich gepflanzt als eine Edelrebe von ganz echtem Samen; wie hast du dich mir denn verwandeln können in wilde Ranken eines fremden Weinstocks?
Und nicht lange darnach packte der jüngere Sohn alles zusammen und reiste in ein fernes Land, und dort verschleuderte er sein Vermögen mit liederlichem Leben.
Sie aber sprachen: Wo willst du, daß wir es bereiten?