3. Mose 25
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The law concerning the Sabbatical or seventh year repeated, Lev 25:1-7. The law relative to the jubilee, or fiftieth year, and the hallowing of the fiftieth, Lev 25:8-12. In the year of jubilee every one to return unto his possessions, Lev 25:13. None to oppress another in buying and selling, Lev 25:14. Purchases to be rated from jubilee to jubilee, according to the number of years unexpired, Lev 25:15-17. Promises to obedience, Lev 25:18, Lev 25:19. Promises relative to the Sabbatical year, Lev 25:20-22. No inheritance must be finally alienated, Lev 25:23, Lev 25:24. No advantage to be taken of a man's poverty in buying his land, Lev 25:25-28. Ordinances relative to the selling of a house in a walled city, Lev 25:29, Lev 25:30; in a village, Lev 25:31. Houses of the Levites may be redeemed at any time, Lev 25:32, Lev 25:33. The fields of the Levites in the suburbs must not be sold, Lev 25:34. No usury to be taken from a poor brother, Lev 25:35-38. If an Israelite be sold to an Israelite, he must not be obliged to serve as a slave, Lev 25:39, but be as a hired servant or as a sojourner, till the year of jubilee, Lev 25:40, when he and his family shall have liberty to depart, Lev 25:41; because God claims all Israelites as his servants, having redeemed them from bondage in Egypt, Lev 25:42, Lev 25:43. The Israelites are permitted to have bond-men and bond-women of the heathens, who, being bought with their money, shall be considered as their property, Lev 25:44-46. If an Israelite, grown poor, be sold to a sojourner who has waxed rich, he may be redeemed by one of his relatives, an uncle or uncle's son, Lev 25:47-49. In the interim between the jubilees, he may be redeemed; but if not redeemed, he shall go free in the jubilee, Lev 25:50-54. Obedience enforced by God's rig…
Quelle öffnen ↗SABBATH OF THE SEVENTH YEAR. (Lev 25:1-7) When ye come into the land which I give you--It has been questioned on what year, after the occupation of Canaan, the sabbatic year began to be observed. Some think it was the seventh year after their entrance. But others, considering that as the first six years were spent in the conquest and division of the land (Jos 5:12), and that the sabbatical year was to be observed after six years of agriculture, maintain that the observance did not commence till the fourteenth year. the land keep a sabbath unto the Lord--This was a very peculiar arrangement. Not only all agricultural processes were to be intermitted every seventh year, but the cultivators had no right to the soil. It lay entirely fallow, and its spontaneous produce was the common property of the poor and the stranger, the cattle and game. This year of rest was to invigorate the productive powers of the land, as the weekly Sabbath was a refreshment to men and cattle. It commenced immediately after the feast of ingathering, and it was calculated to teach the people, in a remarkable manner, the reality of the presence and providential power of God.
Quelle öffnen ↗And the Lord spake unto Moses in Mount Sinai,.... Not when Moses was with the Lord on that mount forty days, but after he came down from thence, even after the tabernacle was set up, while the children of Israel where encamped about that mountain, and before they took their journey from thence; for they continued some time in the wilderness of Sinai, and here it was the Lord spoke to Moses; for the words may be rendered "by" or "near Mount Sinai" (g); and so Josephus (h) says, the following laws were delivered to Moses, when Israel was encamped under Mount Sinai: saying; as follows. (g) "apud seu juxta montem", Piscator; so Ainsworth, Patrick, &c. (h) Antiqu. l. 3. c. 12. sect. 3.
Quelle öffnen ↗The law for the sabbatical and jubilee years brings to a close the laws given to Moses by Jehovah upon Mount Sinai. This is shown by the words of the heading (Lev 25:1), which point back to Exo 34:32, and bind together into an inward unity the whole round of laws that Moses received from God upon the mountain, and then gradually announced to the people. The same words are repeated, not only in Lev 7:38 at the close of the laws of sacrifice, but also at Lev 26:46, at the close of the promises and threats which follow the law for the sabbatical and jubilee years, and lastly, at Lev 27:34, after the supplementary law concerning vows. The institution of the jubilee years corresponds to the institution of the day of atonement (ch. 16). Just as all the sins and uncleannesses of the whole congregation, which had remained unatoned for and uncleansed in the course of the year, were to be wiped away by the all-embracing expiation of the yearly recurring day of atonement, and an undisturbed relation to be restored between Jehovah and His people; so, by the appointment of the year of jubilee, the disturbance and confusion of the divinely appointed relations, which had been introduced in the course of time through the inconstancy of all human or earthly things, were to be removed by the appointment of the year of jubilee, and the kingdom of Israel to be brought back to its original condition. The next chapter (ch. 26) bears the same relation to the giving of the law upon Sinai as Exo 23:20-33 to the covenant rights in Ex 20:22-23:19.
Quelle öffnen ↗The law of Moses laid a great deal of stress upon the sabbath, the sanctification of which was the earliest and most ancient of all divine institutions, designed for the keeping up of the knowledge and worship of the Creator among men; that law not only revived the observance of the weekly sabbath, but, for the further advancement of the honour of them, added the institution of a sabbatical year: In the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, Lev 25:4. And hence the Jews collect that vulgar tradition that after the world has stood six thousand years (a thousand years being to God as one day) it shall cease, and the eternal sabbath shall succeed - a weak foundation on which to build the fixing of that day and hour which it is God's prerogative to know. This sabbatical year began in September, at the end of harvest, the seventh month of their ecclesiastical year: and the law was, 1. That at the seed-time, which immediately followed the end of their in-gathering, they should sow no corn in their land, and that they should not in the spring dress their vineyards, and consequently that they should not expect either harvest or vintage the next year. 2. That what their ground did produce of itself they should not claim any property or use in, otherwise than from hand to mouth, but leave it for the poor, servants, strangers, and cattle, Lev 25:5-7. It must be a sabbath of rest to the land; they must neither do any work about it, nor expect any fruit from it; all annual labours must be intermitted in the seventh year, as much as daily labours on the seventh day. The Jews say they "began not to reckon for the sabbatical year till they had completed the conquest of Canaan, which was in the eighth year of Joshua; the seventh year after that was the first sabbatical y…
Quelle öffnen ↗25:1-55 Just as seven days equaled a week ending in a Sabbath day, each seven years ended with a Sabbath year. Likewise, after seven Sabbath years (i.e., 49 years total) came a special year, the Year of Jubilee. Like so many holidays, these occasions were times of reflection on Israel’s corporate identity and how they were shaped by their relationship with God. Because every Israelite, bond or free, had a part in God’s kingdom, those bound in servitude were freed in the Year of Jubilee (25:39-43). In order to curb economic hardship and foster well-being, land sales were limited to a maximum term of fifty years. The land was then to be returned to the original owner’s family or clan. The land belonged to the Lord; the Israelites were merely tenants (25:23). It is unlikely, however, that these laws saw much use; the best land fell into the hands of rich landowners (Isa 5:8-10; cp. Amos 5:11).
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
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יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… מֹשֶׁה (Môsheh, H4872) — Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver הַר (har, H2022) — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively) סִינַי (Çîynay, H5514) — Sinai, mountain of Arabia אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude)
Quelle öffnen ↗דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) שָׁבַת (shâbath, H7673) — to repose, i.e. desist from exertion; used in many implied relations (causative,… שַׁבָּת (shabbâth, H7676) — intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God
Quelle öffnen ↗שֵׁשׁ (shêsh, H8337) — six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ord. sixth שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) זָרַע (zâraʻ, H2232) — to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat) זָמַר (zâmar, H2168) — to trim (a vine) כֶּרֶם (kerem, H3754) — a garden or vineyard אָסַף (ʼâçaph, H622) — to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave… תְּבוּאָה (tᵉbûwʼâh, H8393) — income, i.e. produce (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗שְׁבִיעִי (shᵉbîyʻîy, H7637) — seventh שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) שַׁבָּת (shabbâth, H7676) — intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath שַׁבָּתוֹן (shabbâthôwn, H7677) — a sabbatism or special holiday אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God זָרַע (zâraʻ, H2232) — to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat) זָמַר (zâmar, H2168) — to trim (a vine) כֶּרֶם (kerem, H3754) — a garden or vineyard
Quelle öffnen ↗סָפִיחַ (çâphîyach, H5599) — something (spontaneously) falling off, i.e. a self-sown crop; figuratively, a freshet קָצִיר (qâtsîyr, H7105) — severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also… קָצַר (qâtsar, H7114) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially… בָּצַר (bâtsar, H1219) — to gather grapes; also to be isolated (i.e. inaccessible by height or fortification) עֵנָב (ʻênâb, H6025) — a grape נָזִיר (nâzîyr, H5139) — separate, i.e. consecrated (as prince, a Nazirite); hence (figuratively from the latter)… שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) שַׁבָּתוֹן (shabbâthôwn, H7677) — a sabbatism or special holiday אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
Quelle öffnen ↗שַׁבָּת (shabbâth, H7676) — intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) אׇכְלָה (ʼoklâh, H402) — food עֶבֶד (ʻebed, H5650) — a servant אָמָה (ʼâmâh, H519) — a maidservant or female slave שָׂכִיר (sâkîyr, H7916) — a man at wages by the day or year תּוֹשָׁב (tôwshâb, H8453) — resident alien גּוּר (gûwr, H1481) — properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn…
Quelle öffnen ↗בְּהֵמָה (bᵉhêmâh, H929) — properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective) חַי (chay, H2416) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially… אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) תְּבוּאָה (tᵉbûwʼâh, H8393) — income, i.e. produce (literally or figuratively) אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗סָפַר (çâphar, H5608) — properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe,… שֶׁבַע (shebaʻ, H7651) — seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… שַׁבָּת (shabbâth, H7676) — intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) פַּעַם (paʻam, H6471) — a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow) יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… אַרְבָּעִים (ʼarbâʻîym, H705) — forty תֵּשַׁע (têshaʻ, H8672) — nine or (ordinal) ninth
Quelle öffnen ↗שׁוֹפָר (shôwphâr, H7782) — a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved horn תְּרוּעָה (tᵉrûwʻâh, H8643) — clamor, i.e. acclamation of joy or a battle-cry; especially clangorof trumpets, as an… עָבַר (ʻâbar, H5674) — to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive,… עָשׂוֹר (ʻâsôwr, H6218) — ten; by abbreviated form ten strings, and so a decachord שְׁבִיעִי (shᵉbîyʻîy, H7637) — seventh חֹדֶשׁ (chôdesh, H2320) — the new moon; by implication, a month יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… כִּפֻּר (kippur, H3725) — expiation (only in plural) אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
Quelle öffnen ↗קָדַשׁ (qâdash, H6942) — to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally) חֲמִשִּׁים (chămishshîym, H2572) — fifty שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) קָרָא (qârâʼ, H7121) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of… דְּרוֹר (dᵉrôwr, H1865) — freedom; hence, spontaneity of outflow, and so clear אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… יוֹבֵל (yôwbêl, H3104) — the blast of a horn (from its continuous sound); specifically, the signal of the silver… שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אֲחֻזָּה (ʼăchuzzâh, H272) — something seized, i.e. a possession (especially of land) מִשְׁפָּחָה (mishpâchâh, H4940) — a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of…
Quelle öffnen ↗יוֹבֵל (yôwbêl, H3104) — the blast of a horn (from its continuous sound); specifically, the signal of the silver… חֲמִשִּׁים (chămishshîym, H2572) — fifty שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) זָרַע (zâraʻ, H2232) — to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify קָצַר (qâtsar, H7114) — to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially… סָפִיחַ (çâphîyach, H5599) — something (spontaneously) falling off, i.e. a self-sown crop; figuratively, a freshet בָּצַר (bâtsar, H1219) — to gather grapes; also to be isolated (i.e. inaccessible by height or fortification) נָזִיר (nâzîyr, H5139) — separate, i.e. consecrated (as prince, a Nazirite); hence (figuratively from the latter)…
Quelle öffnen ↗יוֹבֵל (yôwbêl, H3104) — the blast of a horn (from its continuous sound); specifically, the signal of the silver… קֹדֶשׁ (qôdesh, H6944) — a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) תְּבוּאָה (tᵉbûwʼâh, H8393) — income, i.e. produce (literally or figuratively) שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat)
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) יוֹבֵל (yôwbêl, H3104) — the blast of a horn (from its continuous sound); specifically, the signal of the silver… שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אֲחֻזָּה (ʼăchuzzâh, H272) — something seized, i.e. a possession (especially of land)
Quelle öffnen ↗מָכַר (mâkar, H4376) — to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or… מִמְכָּר (mimkâr, H4465) — merchandise; abstractly, a selling עָמִית (ʻâmîyth, H5997) — companionship; hence (concretely) a comrade or kindred man קָנָה (qânâh, H7069) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively,… יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), יָנָה (yânâh, H3238) — to rage or be violent; by implication, to suppress, to maltreat אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אָח (ʼâch, H251) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or…
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
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Und der HERR redete mit Mose in der Wüste Sinai in der Stiftshütte am ersten Tag des zweiten Monats im zweiten Jahr, nachdem sie aus dem Lande Ägypten gezogen waren, und sprach:
Im dritten Monat nach dem Auszug der Kinder Israel aus Ägypten kamen sie an demselben Tag in die Wüste Sinai.