3. Mose 12
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Ordinances concerning the purification of women after child-birth, Lev 12:1; after the birth of a son, who is to be circumcised the eighth day, Lev 12:2, Lev 12:3. The mother to be considered unclean for forty days, Lev 12:4. After the birth of a daughter, fourscore days, Lev 12:5. When the days of her purifying were ended, she was to bring a lamb for a burnt-offering, and a young pigeon or a turtle-dove for a sin-offering, Lev 12:6, Lev 12:7. If poor, and not able to bring a lamb, she was to bring either two turtle-doves or two young pigeons, Lev 12:8.
Quelle öffnen ↗WOMAN'S UNCLEANNESS BY CHILDBIRTH. (Lev 12:1-8) If a woman, &c.--The mother of a boy was ceremonially unclean for a week, at the end of which the child was circumcised (Gen 17:12; Rom 4:11-13); the mother of a girl for two weeks (Lev 12:5) --a stigma on the sex (Ti1 2:14-15) for sin, which was removed by Christ; everyone who came near her during that time contracted a similar defilement. After these periods, visitors might approach her though she was still excluded from the public ordinances of religion [Lev 12:4].
Quelle öffnen ↗And the Lord spake unto Moses,.... The laws in the preceding chapter were delivered both to Moses and Aaron, but what follows in this only to Moses; but inasmuch as the priest had a concern in it, it being his business to offer the sacrifices required by the following law, it was no doubt given to Moses, to be delivered to Aaron, as well as to the people. R. Semlai remarks, that as the creation of man was after that of the beasts, fowls, fishes, &c. so the laws concerning the uncleanness of men are after those relating to beasts, &c, and they begin with the uncleanness of a new mother, because, as Aben Ezra observes, the birth is the beginning of man: saying: as follows.
Quelle öffnen ↗Uncleanness and Purification after Child-Birth. - Lev 12:2-4. "If a woman bring forth (תּזריע) seed and bear a boy, she shall be unclean seven days as in the days of the uncleanness of her (monthly) sickness." נדּה, from נדד to flow, lit., that which is to flow, is applied more especially to the uncleanness of a woman's secretions (Lev 15:19). דּותהּ, inf. of דּוה, to be sickly or ill, is applied here and in Lev 15:33; Lev 20:18, to the suffering connected with an issue of blood.
Quelle öffnen ↗The law here pronounces women lying-in ceremonially unclean. The Jews say, "The law extended even to an abortion, if the child was so formed as that the sex was distinguishable." 1. There was some time of strict separation immediately after the birth, which continued seven days for a son and fourteen for a daughter, Lev 12:2, Lev 12:5. During these days she was separated from her husband and friends, and those that necessarily attended her were ceremonially unclean, which was one reason why the males were not circumcised till the eighth day, because they participated in the mother's pollution during the days of her separation. 2. There was also a longer time appointed for their purifying; thirty-three days more (forty in all) if the birth were a male, and double that time if a female, Lev 12:4, Lev 12:5. During this time they were only separated from the sanctuary and forbidden to eat of the passover, or peace-offerings, or, if a priest's wife, to eat of any thing that was holy to the Lord. Why the time of both those was double for a female to what it was for a male I can assign no reason but the will of the Law-maker; in Christ Jesus no difference is made of male and female, Gal 3:28; Col 3:11. But this ceremonial uncleanness which the law laid women in child-bed under was to signify the pollution of sin which we are all conceived and born in, Psa 51:5. For, if the root be impure, so is the branch, Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? If sin had not entered, nothing but purity and honour had attended all the productions of that great blessing, Be fruitful and multiply; but now that the nature of man is degenerated the propagation of that nature is laid under these marks of disgrace, because of the sin and corruption that are propagated with it, and in remembr…
Quelle öffnen ↗12:1-8 These verses detail the regulations pertaining to childbirth. Any bodily discharge, even blood, was considered “abnormal” because it reduced the vitality of the individual and rendered the person ceremonially unclean (see study notes on 5:3; 11:1–15:33). Accordingly, not childbirth but the discharge accompanying it is addressed in these verses (12:2, 5, 7). The uncleanness was not sinful in itself, but only if it was neglected and allowed to come into contact with what is holy (see 5:2-3).
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… מֹשֶׁה (Môsheh, H4872) — Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude)
Quelle öffnen ↗דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman זָרַע (zâraʻ, H2232) — to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify יָלַד (yâlad, H3205) — to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show… זָכָר (zâkâr, H2145) — properly, remembered, i.e. a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex) טָמֵא (ṭâmêʼ, H2930) — to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated) שֶׁבַע (shebaʻ, H7651) — seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… נִדָּה (niddâh, H5079) — properly, rejection; by implication, impurity, especially personal (menstruation) or… דָּוָה (dâvâh, H1738) — to be sick (as if in menstruation)
Quelle öffnen ↗שְׁמִינִי (shᵉmîynîy, H8066) — eight יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… בָּשָׂר (bâsâr, H1320) — flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the… עׇרְלָה (ʻorlâh, H6190) — the prepuce מוּל (mûwl, H4135) — to cut short, i.e. curtail (specifically the prepuce, i.e. to circumcise); by…
Quelle öffnen ↗יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… טׇהֳרָה (ṭohŏrâh, H2893) — ceremonial purification; moral purity שָׁלוֹשׁ (shâlôwsh, H7969) — three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice שְׁלוֹשִׁים (shᵉlôwshîym, H7970) — thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… נָגַע (nâgaʻ, H5060) — properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with… קֹדֶשׁ (qôdesh, H6944) — a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) מִקְדָּשׁ (miqdâsh, H4720) — a consecrated thing or place, especially, a palace, sanctuary (whether of Jehovah or of… טֹהַר (ṭôhar, H2892) — literally brightness; ceremonially purification מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4390) — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗יָלַד (yâlad, H3205) — to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show… נְקֵבָה (nᵉqêbâh, H5347) — female (from the sexual form) טָמֵא (ṭâmêʼ, H2930) — to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated) שָׁבוּעַ (shâbûwaʻ, H7620) — literally, sevened, i.e. a week (specifically, of years) נִדָּה (niddâh, H5079) — properly, rejection; by implication, impurity, especially personal (menstruation) or… יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… טׇהֳרָה (ṭohŏrâh, H2893) — ceremonial purification; moral purity שִׁשִּׁים (shishshîym, H8346) — sixty שֵׁשׁ (shêsh, H8337) — six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ord. sixth יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to…
Quelle öffnen ↗יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… טֹהַר (ṭôhar, H2892) — literally brightness; ceremonially purification מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4390) — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) כֶּבֶשׂ (kebes, H3532) — a ram (just old enough to butt) שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) עֹלָה (ʻôlâh, H5930) — a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke) יוֹנָה (yôwnâh, H3123) — a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating) תּוֹר (tôwr, H8449) — a ring-dove, often (figuratively) as a term of endearment חַטָּאָה (chaṭṭâʼâh, H2403) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or… פֶּתַח (pethach, H6607) — an opening (literally), i.e. door (gate) or entrance way אֹהֶל (ʼôhel, H168) — a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
Quelle öffnen ↗קָרַב (qârab, H7126) — to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God כָּפַר (kâphar, H3722) — to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or… טָהֵר (ṭâhêr, H2891) — to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated; Levitically, uncontaminated; morally,… מָקוֹר (mâqôwr, H4726) — properly, something dug, i.e. a (general) source (of water, even when naturally flowing;… דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… תּוֹרָה (tôwrâh, H8451) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch יָלַד (yâlad, H3205) — to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show… זָכָר (zâkâr, H2145) — properly, remembered, i.e. a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex) נְקֵבָה (nᵉqêbâh, H5347) — female (from the sexual form)
Quelle öffnen ↗מָצָא (mâtsâʼ, H4672) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or… דַּי (day, H1767) — enough (as noun or adverb), used chiefly with preposition in phrases יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), שֶׂה (seh, H7716) — a member of a flock, i.e. a sheep or goat לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) שְׁנַיִם (shᵉnayim, H8147) — two; also (as ordinal) twofold תּוֹר (tôwr, H8449) — a ring-dove, often (figuratively) as a term of endearment בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יוֹנָה (yôwnâh, H3123) — a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating) אֶחָד (ʼechâd, H259) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first עֹלָה (ʻôlâh, H5930) — a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke) חַטָּאָה (chaṭṭâʼâh, H2403) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or… כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… כָּפַר (kâphar, H3722) — to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or…
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