Nahum 3
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Wo to the bloody city! - Nineveh: the threatenings against which are continued in a strain of invective, astonishing for its richness, variety, and energy. One may hear and see the whip crack, the horses prancing, the wheels rumbling, the chariots bounding after the galloping steeds; the reflection from the drawn and highly polished swords; and the hurled spears, like gashes of lightning, dazzling the eyes; the slain lying in heaps, and horses and chariots stumbling over them! O what a picture, and a true representation of a battle, when one side is broken, and all the cavalry of the conqueror fall in upon them, hewing them down with their swords, and trampling them to pieces under the hoofs of their horses! O! infernal war! Yet sometimes thou art the scourge of the Lord.
Quelle öffnen ↗REPETITION OF NINEVEH'S DOOM, WITH NEW FEATURES; THE CAUSE IS HER TYRANNY, RAPINE, AND CRUELTY: NO-AMMON'S FORTIFICATIONS DID NOT SAVE HER; IT IS VAIN, THEREFORE, FOR NINEVEH TO THINK HER DEFENSES WILL SECURE HER AGAINST GOD'S SENTENCE. (Nah. 3:1-19) the bloody city!--literally, "city of blood," namely, shed by Nineveh; just so now her own blood is to be shed. robbery--violence [MAURER]. Extortion [GROTIUS]. the prey departeth not--Nineveh never ceases to live by rapine. Or, the Hebrew verb is transitive, "she (Nineveh) does not make the prey depart"; she ceases not to plunder.
Quelle öffnen ↗Woe to the bloody city,.... Nineveh, in which many murders were daily committed; innocent blood shed; the lives of men taken away, under the colour of justice, by false witnesses, and other unlawful methods; and which was continually making war with neighbouring nations, and shedding their blood, which it stuck not at, to enlarge its wealth and dominions; and therefore "woe" is denounced against it; and it is threatened with the righteous judgments of God, with all sorts of calamity and distress: or, "O bloody city", as the Septuagint; for the word used is vocative, and expressive of calling, as Aben Ezra and Kimchi observe: it is all full of lies and robbery; the palace and court; the houses of noblemen and common persons were full of flattery and deceit; men of high degree were a lie, and men of low degree vanity; no man could trust another, or believe what he said; there were no truth, honesty, and faithfulness, in conversation or commerce; their warehouses were full of goods, got by rapine and violence; and their streets full of robbers and robberies: the prey departeth not; they go on in making a prey of their neighbours, in pillaging and plundering their substance; they repent not of such evil practices, nor desist from them; or because of the above sins they shall fall a prey to the enemy, who will not cease plundering them till he has utterly stripped them of all they have; and who is represented in the next verse Nah 3:2 as just at hand.
Quelle öffnen ↗The city of blood will have the shame, which it has inflicted upon the nations, repaid to it by a terrible massacre. The prophet announces this with the woe which opens the last section of this threatening prophecy. Nah 3:1. "Woe to the city of blood! She all full of deceit and murder; the prey departs not." ‛Ir dâmı̄m, city of drops of blood, i.e., of blood shed, or of murders. This predicate is explained in the following clauses: she all full of lying and murder. Cachash and pereq are asyndeton, and accusatives dependent upon מלאה. Cachash, lying and deceit: this is correctly explained by Abarbanel and Strauss as referring to the fact that "she deceived the nations with vain promises of help and protection." Pereq, tearing in pieces for murder, - a figure taken from the lion, which tears its prey in pieces (Psa 7:3). לא ימישׁ, the prey does not depart, never fails. Mūsh: in the hiphil here, used intransitively, "to depart," as in Exo 13:22; Psa 55:12, and not in a transitive sense, "to cause to depart," to let go; for if ‛ı̄r (the city) were the subject, we should have tâmı̄sh.
Quelle öffnen ↗Here is, I. Nineveh arraigned and indicted. It is a high charge that is here drawn up against that great city, and neither her numbers nor her grandeur shall secure her from prosecution. 1. It is a city of blood, in which a great deal of innocent blood is shed by unrighteous war, or under colour and pretence of public justice, or by suffering barbarous murders to go unpunished; for this the righteous God will make inquisition. 2. It is all full of lies; truth is banished from among them; there is no such thing as honesty; one knows not whom to believe nor whom to trust. 3. It is all full of robbery and rapine; no man cares what mischief he does, nor to whom he does it: The prey departs not, that is, they never know when they have got enough by spoil and oppression. They shed blood, and told lies, in pursuit of the prey, that they might enrich themselves. 4. There is a multitude of whoredoms in it, that is, idolatries, spiritual whoredoms, by which she defiled herself, and to which she seduced the neighbouring nations, as a well-favoured harlot, and sold and ruined nations through her whoredoms. 5. She is a mistress of witchcrafts, and by them she sells families, Nah 3:4. That which Nineveh aimed at was a universal monarchy, to be the metropolis of the world, and to have all her neighbours under her feet; to compass this, she used not only arms, but arts, compelling some, deluding others, into subjection to her, and wheedling them as a harlot by her charms to lay their necks under her yoke, suggesting to them that it would be for their advantage. She courted them to join with her in her idolatrous rites, to tie them the faster to her interests, and made use of her wealth, power, and greatness, to draw people into alliances with her, by which she gained advantages over th…
Quelle öffnen ↗3:1 city of murder: The Assyrians’ graphic cruelty is well documented. Their practices included cutting off external body parts—such as noses, ears, hands, and feet—and execution by impalement on stakes. They heaped up severed heads before the gates of besieged cities. The eyes of victims might also be put out and their skin stripped from their bodies while they were still alive.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
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הוֹי (hôwy, H1945) — oh! דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4392) — full (literally or figuratively) or filling (literally); also (concretely) fulness;… כַּחַשׁ (kachash, H3585) — literally a failure of flesh, i.e. emaciation; figuratively, hypocrisy פֶּרֶק (pereq, H6563) — rapine; also a fork (in roads) טֶרֶף (ṭereph, H2964) — something torn, i.e. a fragment, e.g. a fresh leaf, prey, food מוּשׁ (mûwsh, H4185) — to withdraw (both literally and figuratively, whether intransitive or transitive)
Quelle öffnen ↗קוֹל (qôwl, H6963) — a voice or sound שׁוֹט (shôwṭ, H7752) — a lash (literally or figuratively) רַעַשׁ (raʻash, H7494) — vibration, bounding, uproar אוֹפָן (ʼôwphân, H212) — a wheel דָּהַר (dâhar, H1725) — to curvet or move irregularly סוּס (çûwç, H5483) — a horse (as leaping); also a swallow (from its rapid flight) רָקַד (râqad, H7540) — properly, to stamp, i.e. to spring about (wildly or for joy) מֶרְכָּבָה (merkâbâh, H4818) — a chariot
Quelle öffnen ↗פָּרָשׁ (pârâsh, H6571) — a steed (as stretched out to a vehicle, not single nor for mounting ); also (by… עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… לַהַב (lahab, H3851) — a flash; figuratively, a sharply polished blade or point of aweapon חֶרֶב (chereb, H2719) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or… בָּרָק (bârâq, H1300) — lightning; by analogy, a gleam; concretely, a flashing sword חֲנִית (chănîyth, H2595) — a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent) רֹב (rôb, H7230) — abundance (in any respect) חָלָל (châlâl, H2491) — pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted כֹּבֶד (kôbed, H3514) — weight, multitude, vehemence פֶּגֶר (peger, H6297) — a carcase (as limp), whether of man or beast; figuratively, an idolatrous image קָצֶה (qâtseh, H7097) — an extremity גְּוִיָּה (gᵉvîyâh, H1472) — a body, whether alive or dead כָּשַׁל (kâshal, H3782) — to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication,…
Quelle öffnen ↗רֹב (rôb, H7230) — abundance (in any respect) זָנוּן (zânûwn, H2183) — adultery; figuratively, idolatry טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… חֵן (chên, H2580) — graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty) זָנָה (zânâh, H2181) — to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely… בַּעֲלָה (baʻălâh, H1172) — a mistress כֶּשֶׁף (kesheph, H3785) — magic מָכַר (mâkar, H4376) — to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or… גּוֹי (gôwy, H1471) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight… מִשְׁפָּחָה (mishpâchâh, H4940) — a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of…
Quelle öffnen ↗נְאֻם (nᵉʼum, H5002) — an oracle יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God צָבָא (tsâbâʼ, H6635) — a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized forwar (an army);… גָּלָה (gâlâh, H1540) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being… שׁוּל (shûwl, H7757) — a skirt; by implication, a bottom edge פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… גּוֹי (gôwy, H1471) — a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight… מַעַר (maʻar, H4626) — a nude place, i.e. (literally) the pudenda, or (figuratively) a vacant space מַמְלָכָה (mamlâkâh, H4467) — dominion, i.e. (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm) קָלוֹן (qâlôwn, H7036) — disgrace; (by implication) the pudenda
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁלַךְ (shâlak, H7993) — to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively) שִׁקּוּץ (shiqqûwts, H8251) — disgusting, i.e. filthy; especially idolatrous or (concretely) an idol נָבֵל (nâbêl, H5034) — to wilt; generally, to fall away, fail, faint; figuratively, to be foolish or (morally)… שׂוּם (sûwm, H7760) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and… רֳאִי (rŏʼîy, H7210) — sight, whether abstractly (vision) or concretely (a spectacle)
Quelle öffnen ↗רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… נָדַד (nâdad, H5074) — properly, to wave to and fro (rarely to flap up and down); figuratively, to rove, flee,… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) נִינְוֵה (Nîynᵉvêh, H5210) — Nineveh, the capital of Assyria שָׁדַד (shâdad, H7703) — properly, to be burly, i.e. (figuratively) powerful (passively, impregnable); by… נוּד (nûwd, H5110) — to nod, i.e. waver; figuratively, to wander, flee, disappear; also (from shaking the head… אַיִן (ʼayin, H370) — where? (only in connection with prepositional prefix, whence) בָּקַשׁ (bâqash, H1245) — to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to… נָחַם (nâcham, H5162) — properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a…
Quelle öffnen ↗יָטַב (yâṭab, H3190) — to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy,… אָמוֹן (ʼâmôwn, H527) — a throng of people אָמוֹן (ʼÂmôwn, H528) — Amon (i.e. Ammon or Amn), a deity of Egypt נֹא (Nôʼ, H4996) — No (i.e. Thebes), the capital of Upper Egypt יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… יְאֹר (yᵉʼôr, H2975) — a channel, e.g. a fosse, canal, shaft; specifically the Nile, as the one river of Egypt,… מַיִם (mayim, H4325) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen סָבִיב (çâbîyb, H5439) — (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without… חֵיל (chêyl, H2426) — an army; also (by analogy,) an intrenchment יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection
Quelle öffnen ↗כּוּשׁ (Kûwsh, H3568) — Cush (or Ethiopia), the name of a son of Ham, and of his territory; also of an Israelite מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim, H4714) — Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt עׇצְמָה (ʻotsmâh, H6109) — powerfulness; by extension, numerousness אַיִן (ʼayin, H369) — a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle קָצֶה (qâtseh, H7097) — an extremity פּוּט (Pûwṭ, H6316) — Put, a son of Ham, also the name of his descendants or their region, and of a Persian… לוּבִי (Lûwbîy, H3864) — a Libyan or inhabitant of interior Africa (only in plural) עֶזְרָה (ʻezrâh, H5833) — aid
Quelle öffnen ↗גּוֹלָה (gôwlâh, H1473) — exile; concretely and collectively exiles הָלַךְ (hâlak, H1980) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) שְׁבִי (shᵉbîy, H7628) — exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by… עוֹלֵל (ʻôwlêl, H5768) — a suckling רָטָשׁ (râṭâsh, H7376) — to dash down רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… חוּץ (chûwts, H2351) — properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors יָדַד (yâdad, H3032) — properly, to handle, i.e. to throw, e.g. lots גּוֹרָל (gôwrâl, H1486) — properly, a pebble, i.e. a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively,… כָּבַד (kâbad, H3513) — to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous,… גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent רָתַק (râthaq, H7576) — to fasten זִיקָה (zîyqâh, H2131) — properly, what leaps forth, i.e. flash of fire, or a burning arrow; also (from the…
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁכַר (shâkar, H7937) — to become tipsy; in a qualified sense, to satiate with astimulating drink or… עָלַם (ʻâlam, H5956) — to veil from sight, i.e. conceal (literally or figuratively) בָּקַשׁ (bâqash, H1245) — to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to… מָעוֹז (mâʻôwz, H4581) — a fortified place; figuratively, a defence אֹיֵב (ʼôyêb, H341) — hating; an adversary
Quelle öffnen ↗מִבְצָר (mibtsâr, H4013) — a fortification, castle, or fortified city; figuratively, a defender תְּאֵן (tᵉʼên, H8384) — the fig (tree or fruit) בִּכּוּר (bikkûwr, H1061) — the first-fruits of the crop נוּעַ (nûwaʻ, H5128) — to waver, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (as subjoined) נָפַל (nâphal, H5307) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or… פֶּה (peh, H6310) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech);… אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… קֶרֶב (qereb, H7130) — properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial… אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman שַׁעַר (shaʻar, H8179) — an opening, i.e. door or gate אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) פָּתַח (pâthach, H6605) — to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve אֹיֵב (ʼôyêb, H341) — hating; an adversary אֵשׁ (ʼêsh, H784) — fire (literally or figuratively) אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) בְּרִיחַ (bᵉrîyach, H1280) — a bolt
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁאַב (shâʼab, H7579) — to bale up water מַיִם (mayim, H4325) — water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen מָצוֹר (mâtsôwr, H4692) — something hemming in, i.e. (objectively) a mound (of besiegers), (abstractly) a siege,… חָזַק (châzaq, H2388) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively… מִבְצָר (mibtsâr, H4013) — a fortification, castle, or fortified city; figuratively, a defender בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) טִיט (ṭîyṭ, H2916) — mud or clay; figuratively, calamity רָמַס (râmaç, H7429) — to tread upon (as a potter, in walking or abusively) חֹמֶר (chômer, H2563) — properly, a bubbling up, i.e. of water, a wave; of earth, mire or clay (cement); also a… מַלְבֵּן (malbên, H4404) — a brickkiln
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Wehe dem, der die Stadt mit Blut baut und die Burg mit Ungerechtigkeit befestigt!
Fluchen und Lügen, Morden, Stehlen und Ehebrechen hat überhand genommen, und Blutschuld reiht sich an Blutschuld.
Wo ist nun die Höhle der Löwen und die Weide der jungen Leuen, wo der Löwe mit der Löwin wandelte und das Löwenkätzchen sicher war, daß niemand es erschreckte?
Siehe, zur Abendzeit ist Schrecken da; ehe es aber Morgen wird, sind sie nicht mehr vorhanden! Das ist das Teil derer, die uns berauben, und das Los derer, die uns plündern.
Wer übergab Jakob zum Raub und Israel den Plünderern? Ist's nicht der HERR, wider den wir gesündigt haben, und auf dessen Wegen sie nicht wandeln wollten und dessen Gesetzen sie nicht gehorsam gewesen sind?
Man singt nicht mehr beim Weintrinken; wer noch starkes Getränk zu sich nimmt, den dünkt es bitter.