Jona 1
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Now the word of the Lord came unto Jonah - All that is certainly known about this prophet has already been laid before the reader. He was of Gath-hepher, in the tribe of Zebulun, in lower Galilee, Jos 19:13; and he prophesied in the reigns of Jeroboam the Second, and Joash, kings of Israel. Jeroboam came to the throne eight hundred and twenty-three years before the Christian era, and reigned in Samaria forty-one years, Kg2 14:23-25. As a prophet, it is likely that he had but this one mission.
Quelle öffnen ↗JONAH'S COMMISSION TO NINEVEH, FLIGHT, PUNISHMENT, AND PRESERVATION BY MIRACLE. (Jon. 1:1-17) Jonah--meaning in Hebrew, "dove." Compare , where the dove in vain seeks rest after flying from Noah and the ark: so Jonah. GROTIUS not so well explains it, "one sprung from Greece" or Ionia, where there were prophets called AmythaonidÃ&brvbr. Amittai--Hebrew for "truth," "truth-telling"; appropriate to a prophet.
Quelle öffnen ↗Now the word of the Lord came unto Jonah the son of Amittai,.... Or, "and the word of the Lord was" (l); not that this is to be considered as connected with something the prophet had on his mind and in his thoughts when he began to write this book; or as a part detached from a prophecy not now extant; for it is no unusual thing with the Hebrews to begin books after this manner, especially historical ones, of which kind this chiefly is, as the books of Ruth, First and Second Samuel, and Esther; besides, the "vau", is here not copulative, but conversive; doing its office by changing the future tense into the past; which otherwise must have been rendered, "the word of the Lord shall be", or "shall come"; which would not only give another, but a wrong sense. "The word of the Lord" often signifies a prophecy from the Lord; and so the Targum, renders it, "the word of prophecy from the Lord;'' and it may be so interpreted, since Jonah, under a spirit of prophecy, foretold that Nineveh should be destroyed within forty days; though the phrase here rather signifies the order and command of the Lord to the prophet to do as is expressed in Jon 1:2; whose name was Jonah "the son of Amittai"; of whom see the introduction to this book. Who his father Amittai was is not known: if the rule of the Jews would hold good, that when a prophet mentions his own name, and the name of his father, he is a prophet, the son of a prophet, then Amittai was one; but this is not to be depended on. The Syriac version calls him the son of Mathai, or Matthew; though the Arabians have a notion that Mathai is his mother's name; and observe that none are called after their mothers but Jonas and Jesus Christ: but the right name is Amittai, and signifies "my truth"; and to be sons of truth is an agreeable char…
Quelle öffnen ↗The narrative commences with ויהי, as Ruth (Rut 1:1), 1 Samuel (Sa1 1:1), and others do. This was the standing formula with which historical events were linked on to one another, inasmuch as every occurrence follows another in chronological sequence; so that the Vav (and) simply attaches to a series of events, which are assumed as well known, and by no means warrants the assumption that the narrative which follows is merely a fragment of a larger work (see at Jos 1:1). The word of the Lord which came to Jonah was this: "Arise, go to Nineveh, the great city, and preach against it." על does not stand for אל (Jon 3:2), but retains its proper meaning, against, indicating the threatening nature of the preaching, as the explanatory clause which follows clearly shows. The connection in Jon 3:2 is a different one. Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian kingdom, and the residence of the great kings of Assyria, which was built by Nimrod according to Gen 10:11, and by Ninos, the mythical founder of the Assyrian empire, according to the Greek and Roman authors, is repeatedly called "the great city" in this book (Jon 3:2-3; Jon 4:11), and its size is given as three days' journey (Jon 3:3). This agrees with the statements of classical writers, according to whom Νῖνος, Ninus, as Greeks and Romans call it, was the largest city in the world at that time. According to Strabo (Rom 16:1, Rom 16:3), it was much larger than Babylon, and was situated in a plain, Ἀτουρίας, of Assyria i.e., on the left bank of the Tigris. According to Ctesias (in Diod. ii. 3), its circumference was as much as 480 stadia, i.e., twelve geographical miles; whereas, according to Strabo, the circumference of the wall of Babylon was not more than 365 stadia. These statements have been confirmed by modern excavations…
Quelle öffnen ↗Observe, 1. The honour God put upon Jonah, in giving him a commission to go and prophesy against Nineveh. Jonah signifies a dove, a proper name for all God's prophets, all his people, who ought to be harmless as doves, and to mourn as doves for the sins and calamities of the land. His father's name was Amittai - My truth; for God's prophets should be sons of truth. To him the word of the Lord came - to him it was (so the word signifies), for God's word is a real thing; men's words are but wind, but God's words are substance. He has been before acquainted with the word of the Lord, and knew his voice from that of a stranger; the orders now given him were, Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, Jon 1:2. Nineveh was at this time the metropolis of the Assyrian monarchy, an eminent city (Gen 10:11), a great city, that great city, forty-eight miles in compass (some make it much more), great in the number of the inhabitants, as appears by the multitude of infants in it (Jon 4:11), great in wealth (there was no end of its store, Nah 2:9), great in power and dominion; it was the city that for some time ruled over the kings of the earth. But great cities, as well as great men, are under God's government and judgment. Nineveh was a great city, and yet a heathen city, without the knowledge and worship of the true God. How many great cities and great nations are there that sit in darkness and in the valley of the shadow of death! This great city was a wicked city: Their wickedness has come up before me (their malice, so some read it); their wickedness was presumptuous, and they sinned with a high hand. It is sad to think what a great deal of sin is committed in great cities, where there are many sinners, who are not only all sinners, but making one another sin. Their wickedness has…
Quelle öffnen ↗1:1–2:10 Jonah initially rejected the Lord’s commission to warn Nineveh of the judgment it had incurred because of its wickedness. 1:1 Jonah son of Amittai was from Gath-hepher, a town located on the border of the tribal areas of Naphtali and Zebulun. He ministered to the northern kingdom of Israel during the reign of Jeroboam II (793–753 BC; see 2 Kgs 14:25).
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God יוֹנָה (Yôwnâh, H3124) — Jonah, an Israelite בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… אֲמִתַּי (ʼĂmittay, H573) — Amittai, an Israelite אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude)
Quelle öffnen ↗קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) נִינְוֵה (Nîynᵉvêh, H5210) — Nineveh, the capital of Assyria גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… קָרָא (qârâʼ, H7121) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of… רַע (raʻ, H7451) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral) עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and…
Quelle öffnen ↗יוֹנָה (Yôwnâh, H3124) — Jonah, an Israelite קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) בָּרַח (bârach, H1272) — to bolt, i.e. figuratively, to flee suddenly תַּרְשִׁישׁ (Tarshîysh, H8659) — Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence, the ephithet of a merchant vessel (as if… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God יָרַד (yârad, H3381) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the… יָפוֹ (Yâphôw, H3305) — Japho, a place in Palestine מָצָא (mâtsâʼ, H4672) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or… אֳנִיָּה (ʼŏnîyâh, H591) — a ship בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) שָׂכָר (sâkâr, H7939) — payment of contract; concretely, salary, fare, maintenance; by implication, compensation,…
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God טוּל (ṭûwl, H2904) — to pitch over or reel; hence (transitively) to cast down or out גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent רוּחַ (rûwach, H7307) — wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively,… יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… סַעַר (çaʻar, H5591) — a hurricane אֳנִיָּה (ʼŏnîyâh, H591) — a ship חָשַׁב (châshab, H2803) — properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e. (literally) to weave or (generally) to… שָׁבַר (shâbar, H7665) — to burst (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗מַלָּח (mallâch, H4419) — a sailor (as following 'the salt') יָרֵא (yârêʼ, H3372) — to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to frighten זָעַק (zâʻaq, H2199) — to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene… אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… טוּל (ṭûwl, H2904) — to pitch over or reel; hence (transitively) to cast down or out כְּלִי (kᵉlîy, H3627) — something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon) אֳנִיָּה (ʼŏnîyâh, H591) — a ship יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… קָלַל (qâlal, H7043) — to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively… יוֹנָה (Yôwnâh, H3124) — Jonah, an Israelite יָרַד (yârad, H3381) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the… יְרֵכָה (yᵉrêkâh, H3411) — properly, the flank; but used only figuratively, the rear or recess סְפִינָה (çᵉphîynâh, H5600) — a (sea-going) vessel (as ceiled with a deck)
Quelle öffnen ↗רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) חֹבֵל (chôbêl, H2259) — a sailor קָרַב (qârab, H7126) — to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) רָדַם (râdam, H7290) — to stun, i.e. stupefy (with sleep or death) קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) קָרָא (qârâʼ, H7121) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of… אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… עָשַׁת (ʻâshath, H6245) — probably to be sleek, i.e. glossy; hence (through the idea of polishing) to excogitate… אָבַד (ʼâbad, H6) — properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… רֵעַ (rêaʻ, H7453) — an associate (more or less close) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) נָפַל (nâphal, H5307) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or… גּוֹרָל (gôwrâl, H1486) — properly, a pebble, i.e. a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively,… יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… שֶׁל (shel, H7945) — on account of, whatsoever, whichsoever רַע (raʻ, H7451) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral) יוֹנָה (Yôwnâh, H3124) — Jonah, an Israelite
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) נָגַד (nâgad, H5046) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to… רַע (raʻ, H7451) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral) מְלָאכָה (mᵉlâʼkâh, H4399) — properly, deputyship, i.e. ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work… אַיִן (ʼayin, H370) — where? (only in connection with prepositional prefix, whence) בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence…
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) עִבְרִי (ʻIbrîy, H5680) — an Eberite (i.e. Hebrew) or descendant of Eber יָרֵא (yârêʼ, H3373) — fearing; morally, reverent יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… שָׁמַיִם (shâmayim, H8064) — the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… יַבָּשָׁה (yabbâshâh, H3004) — dry ground
Quelle öffnen ↗אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent יִרְאָה (yirʼâh, H3374) — fear (also used as infinitive); morally, reverence יָרֵא (yârêʼ, H3372) — to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to frighten אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… בָּרַח (bârach, H1272) — to bolt, i.e. figuratively, to flee suddenly פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God נָגַד (nâgad, H5046) — properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to…
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… שָׁתַק (shâthaq, H8367) — to subside הָלַךְ (hâlak, H1980) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) סָעַר (çâʻar, H5590) — to rush upon; by implication, to toss (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative)
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) נָשָׂא (nâsâʼ, H5375) — to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative טוּל (ṭûwl, H2904) — to pitch over or reel; hence (transitively) to cast down or out יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… שָׁתַק (shâthaq, H8367) — to subside יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… שֶׁל (shel, H7945) — on account of, whatsoever, whichsoever גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent סַעַר (çaʻar, H5591) — a hurricane
Quelle öffnen ↗אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) חָתַר (châthar, H2864) — to force a passage, as by burglary; figuratively, with oars שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… יַבָּשָׁה (yabbâshâh, H3004) — dry ground יָכֹל (yâkôl, H3201) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might) יָם (yâm, H3220) — a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the… הָלַךְ (hâlak, H1980) — to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively) סָעַר (çâʻar, H5590) — to rush upon; by implication, to toss (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative)
Quelle öffnen ↗קָרָא (qârâʼ, H7121) — to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of… יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) אָנָּא (ʼânnâʼ, H577) — oh now! אָבַד (ʼâbad, H6) — properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy) אִישׁ (ʼîysh, H376) — a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term… נֶפֶשׁ (nephesh, H5315) — properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) נָקִי (nâqîy, H5355) — innocent דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application חָפֵץ (châphêts, H2654) — properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to…
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Die Männer von Ninive werden im Gerichte wider dieses Geschlecht auftreten und werden es verurteilen; denn sie taten Buße auf Jonas Predigt hin; und siehe, hier ist mehr denn Jona!
Dieser eroberte das Gebiet Israels zurück, von Chamat an bis an das Meer der Ebene, nach dem Worte des HERRN, des Gottes Israels, das er geredet hatte durch seinen Knecht Jona, den Sohn Amitais, den Propheten von Gat-Hepher.
Das böse und ehebrecherische Geschlecht fordert ein Zeichen; aber es wird ihm kein Zeichen gegeben werden als nur das Zeichen des Propheten Jona. Und er verließ sie und ging davon.