Klagelieder 4
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How is the gold become dim - The prophet contrasts, in various affecting instances, the wretched circumstances of the Jewish nation, with the flourishing state of their affairs in former times. Here they are compared to gold, זהב zahab, native gold from the mine, which, contrary to its nature, is become dim, is tarnished; and even the fine, the sterling gold, כתם kethem, that which was stamped to make it current, is changed or adulterated, so as to be no longer passable. This might be applied to the temple, but particularly to the fallen priests and apostate prophets. The stones of the sanctuary - אבני קדש abney kodesh, the holy stones; the Jewish godly men, who were even then the living stones of which God built his Church.
Quelle öffnen ↗THE SAD CAPTURE OF JERUSALEM, THE HOPE OF RESTORATION, AND THE RETRIBUTION AWAITING IDUMEA FOR JOINING BABYLON AGAINST JUDEA. (Lam. 4:1-22) gold--the splendid adornment of the temple [CALVIN] (Lam 1:10; Kg1 6:22; Jer 52:19); or, the principal men of Judea [GROTIUS] (Lam 4:2). stones of . . . sanctuary--the gems on the breastplate of the high priest; or, metaphorically, the priests and Levites.
Quelle öffnen ↗How is the gold become dim!.... Or "covered" (b); or hid with rust, dust, or dirt; so that it can scarcely be discerned: how is the most fine gold changed! this may be literally true of the gold of the temple; and so the Targum calls it "the gold of the house of the sanctuary;'' with which that was overlaid, and many things in it, Kg1 6:21; and was sadly sullied and tarnished with the burning of the temple, and the rubbish of it: its brightness was lost, and its colour changed; but though there may be an allusion to that, it is to be figuratively understood of the people of God; for what is here expressed in parabolical phrases, as Aben Ezra observes, is in Lam 4:2 explained in proper and literal ones: godly and gracious men, there called the precious sons of Zion, are comparable to gold, even the most fine gold; partly because of their habit and dress; gold of Ophir; clothing of wrought gold; the rich robe of Christ's righteousness; which, for its brightness and splendour, is like the finest gold; and is as lasting and durable as that; and in which the saints look like a mass of pure gold, Psa 45:9; and partly because of the graces of the Spirit in them, which are like gold for their purity, especially when tried; for their value, and the enriching nature of them, and their duration; particularly the graces of faith, hope, love, humility, which are like rows of jewels, and chains of gold, and as ornamental as they; see Sol 1:10; as also because of the doctrines of grace received by them, which are more to be desired than gold, than fine gold; and are better than thousands of gold and silver, by reason of their intrinsic worth and value; for their purity and brightness, being tried and purified, and because of their duration, Psa 19:10; as well as on account of the rich…
Quelle öffnen ↗The misery that has come on the inhabitants of Jerusalem is a punishment for their deep guilt. The description given of this misery is divided into two strophes: for, first (Lam 4:1-6), the sad lot of the several classes of the population is set forth; then (Lam 4:7-11) a conclusion is drawn therefrom regarding the greatness of their sin. Lam 4:1-6 The first strophe. Lam 4:1. The lamentation begins with a figurative account of the destruction of all that is precious and glorious in Israel: this is next established by the bringing forth of instances. Lam 4:1-2 Lam 4:1, Lam 4:2 contain, not a complaint regarding the desolation of the sanctuary and of Zion, as Maurer, Kalkschmidt, and Thenius, with the lxx, assume, but, as is unmistakeably declared in Lam 4:2, a lamentation over the fearful change that has taken place in the fate of the citizens of Zion. What is stated in Lam 4:1 regarding the gold and the precious stones must be understood figuratively; and in the case of the "gold that has become dim," we can as little think of the blackening of the gilding in the temple fabric when it was burnt, as think of bricks (Thenius) when "the holy stones" are spoken of. The בּני ציּון (inhabitants of Zion), Lam 4:2, are likened to gold and sacred stones; here Thenius would arbitrarily change בּני into בּתּי (houses, palaces). This change not merely has no critical support, but is objectionable on the simple ground that there is not a single word to be found elsewhere, through all the chapter, concerning the destruction of the temple and the palaces; it is merely the fate of the men, not of the buildings, that is bewailed. "How is gold bedimmed!" יוּעם is the Hophal of עמם, to be dark, Eze 28:3, and to darken, Eze 31:8. The second clause, "how is fine gold changed!" expresses the…
Quelle öffnen ↗The elegy in this chapter begins with a lamentation of the very sad and doleful change which the judgments of God had made in Jerusalem. The city that was formerly as gold, as the most fine gold, so rich and splendid, the perfection of beauty and the joy of the whole earth, has become dim, and is changed, has lost its lustre, lost its value, is not what it was; it has become dross. Alas! what an alteration is here! I. The temple was laid waste, which was the glory of Jerusalem and its protection. it is given up into the hands of the enemy. And some understand the gold spoken of (Lam 4:1) to be the gold of the temple, the fine gold with which it was overlaid (Kg1 6:22); when the temple was burned the gold of it was smoked and sullied, as if it had been of little value. it was thrown among the rubbish; it was changed, converted to common uses and made nothing of. The stones of the sanctuary, which were curiously wrought, were thrown down by the Chaldeans, when they demolished it, or were brought down by the force of the fire, and were poured out, and thrown about in the top of every street; they lay mingled without distinction among the common ruins. When the God of the sanctuary was by sin provoked to withdraw no wonder that the stones of the sanctuary were thus profaned. II. The princes and priests, who were in a special manner the sons of Zion, were trampled upon and abused, Lam 4:2. Both the house of God and the house of David were in Zion. The sons of both those houses were upon this account precious, that they were heirs to the privileges of those two covenants of priesthood and royalty. They were comparable to fine gold. Israel was more rich in them than in treasures of gold and silver. But now they are esteemed as earthen pitchers; they are broken as earthen pitch…
Quelle öffnen ↗4:1-22 Although God’s people still experience his judgment, they will soon experience restoration.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
זָהָב (zâhâb, H2091) — gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky עָמַם (ʻâmam, H6004) — to associate; by implication, to overshadow (by huddling together) טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… כֶּתֶם (kethem, H3800) — properly, something carved out, i.e. ore; hence, gold (pure as originally mined) שָׁנָא (shânâʼ, H8132) — to alter אֶבֶן (ʼeben, H68) — a stone קֹדֶשׁ (qôdesh, H6944) — a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity שָׁפַךְ (shâphak, H8210) — to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e. to mound up); also… רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… חוּץ (chûwts, H2351) — properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors
Quelle öffnen ↗יָקָר (yâqâr, H3368) — valuable (objectively or subjectively) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… צִיּוֹן (Tsîyôwn, H6726) — Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem סָלָא (çâlâʼ, H5537) — to suspend in a balance, i.e. weigh פָּז (pâz, H6337) — pure (gold); hence, gold itself (as refined) חָשַׁב (châshab, H2803) — properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e. (literally) to weave or (generally) to… חֶרֶשׂ (cheres, H2789) — a piece of pottery נֶבֶל (nebel, H5035) — a skin-bag for liquids (from collapsing when empty); hence, a vase (as similar in shape… מַעֲשֶׂה (maʻăseh, H4639) — an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication,… יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), יָצַר (yâtsar, H3335) — to mould into a form; especially as apotter; figuratively, to determine (i.e. form a…
Quelle öffnen ↗תַּנִּין (tannîyn, H8577) — a marine or land monster, i.e. sea-serpent or jackal חָלַץ (châlats, H2502) — to pull off; hence (intensively) to strip, (reflex.) to depart; by implication, to… שַׁד (shad, H7699) — the breast of a woman or animal (as bulging) יָנַק (yânaq, H3243) — to suck; causatively, to give milk גּוּר (gûwr, H1482) — a cub (as still abiding in the lair), especially of the lion בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… אַכְזָר (ʼakzâr, H393) — violent; by implication deadly; also (in a good sense) brave יָעֵן (yâʻên, H3283) — the ostrich (probably from its answering cry מִדְבָּר (midbâr, H4057) — a pasture (i.e. open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert; also…
Quelle öffnen ↗לָשׁוֹן (lâshôwn, H3956) — the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or… יָנַק (yânaq, H3243) — to suck; causatively, to give milk דָּבַק (dâbaq, H1692) — properly, to impinge, i.e. cling or adhere; figuratively, to catch by pursuit חֵךְ (chêk, H2441) — properly, the palate or inside of the mouth; hence, the mouth itself (as the organ of… צָמָא (tsâmâʼ, H6772) — thirst (literally or figuratively) עוֹלֵל (ʻôwlêl, H5768) — a suckling שָׁאַל (shâʼal, H7592) — to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand לֶחֶם (lechem, H3899) — food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it) פָּרַשׂ (pâras, H6566) — to break apart, disperse, etc.
Quelle öffnen ↗אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) מַעֲדָן (maʻădân, H4574) — a delicacy or (abstractly) pleasure (adverbially, cheerfully) שָׁמֵם (shâmêm, H8074) — to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e. devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both… חוּץ (chûwts, H2351) — properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors אָמַן (ʼâman, H539) — properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render… תּוֹלָע (tôwlâʻ, H8438) — the crimson-grub, but used only (in this connection) of the colorfrom it, and cloths dyed… חָבַק (châbaq, H2263) — to clasp (the hands or in embrace) אַשְׁפֹּת (ʼashpôth, H830) — a heap of rubbish or filth
Quelle öffnen ↗עָוֺן (ʻâvôn, H5771) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… גָּדַל (gâdal, H1431) — to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor,… חַטָּאָה (chaṭṭâʼâh, H2403) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or… סְדֹם (Çᵉdôm, H5467) — Sedom, a place near the Dead Sea הָפַךְ (hâphak, H2015) — to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert רֶגַע (regaʻ, H7281) — a wink (of the eyes), i.e. a very short space of time יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), חוּל (chûwl, H2342) — properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e. (specifically) to…
Quelle öffnen ↗נָזִיר (nâzîyr, H5139) — separate, i.e. consecrated (as prince, a Nazirite); hence (figuratively from the latter)… זָכַךְ (zâkak, H2141) — to be transparent or clean (phys. or morally) שֶׁלֶג (sheleg, H7950) — snow (probably from its whiteness) צָחַח (tsâchach, H6705) — to glare, i.e. be dazzling white חָלָב (châlâb, H2461) — milk (as the richness of kine) אָדַם (ʼâdam, H119) — flush or turn rosy עֶצֶם (ʻetsem, H6106) — a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e. (as pron.)… פָּנִין (pânîyn, H6443) — probably a pearl (as round) גִּזְרָה (gizrâh, H1508) — the figure or person (as if cut out); also an inclosure (as separated) סַפִּיר (çappîyr, H5601) — a gem (perhaps used for scratching other substances), probably the sapphire
Quelle öffnen ↗תֹּאַר (tôʼar, H8389) — outline, i.e. figure or appearance חָשַׁךְ (châshak, H2821) — to be dark (as withholding light); transitively, to darken שְׁחוֹר (shᵉchôwr, H7815) — dinginess, i.e. perhaps soot נָכַר (nâkar, H5234) — properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to… חוּץ (chûwts, H2351) — properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors עוֹר (ʻôwr, H5785) — skin (as naked); by implication, hide, leather צָפַד (tsâphad, H6821) — to adhere עֶצֶם (ʻetsem, H6106) — a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e. (as pron.)… יָבֵשׁ (yâbêsh, H3001) — to be ashamed, confused or disappointed; also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither… עֵץ (ʻêts, H6086) — a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
Quelle öffnen ↗חָלָל (châlâl, H2491) — pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted חֶרֶב (chereb, H2719) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or… טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… רָעָב (râʻâb, H7458) — hunger (more or less extensive) הֵם (hêm, H1992) — they (only used when emphatic) זוּב (zûwb, H2100) — to flow freely (as water), i.e. (specifically) to have a (sexual) flux; figuratively, to… דָּקַר (dâqar, H1856) — to stab; by analogy, to starve; figuratively, to revile תְּנוּבָה (tᵉnûwbâh, H8570) — produce שָׂדֶה (sâdeh, H7704) — a field (as flat)
Quelle öffnen ↗יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), רַחְמָנִי (rachmânîy, H7362) — compassionate אִשָּׁה (ʼishshâh, H802) — a woman בָּשַׁל (bâshal, H1310) — properly, to boil up; hence, to be done in cooking; figuratively to ripen יֶלֶד (yeled, H3206) — something born, i.e. a lad or offspring בָּרָה (bârâh, H1262) — to select; to feed; to render clear שֶׁבֶר (sheber, H7667) — a fracture, figuratively, ruin; specifically, a solution (of a dream) בַּת (bath, H1323) — a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence…
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God כָּלָה (kâlâh, H3615) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitived (to complete,… חֵמָה (chêmâh, H2534) — heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever) שָׁפַךְ (shâphak, H8210) — to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e. to mound up); also… חָרוֹן (chârôwn, H2740) — a burning of anger אַף (ʼaph, H639) — properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the… יָצַת (yâtsath, H3341) — to burn or set on fire; figuratively, to desolate אֵשׁ (ʼêsh, H784) — fire (literally or figuratively) צִיּוֹן (Tsîyôwn, H6726) — Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem אָכַל (ʼâkal, H398) — to eat (literally or figuratively) יְסוֹד (yᵉçôwd, H3247) — a foundation (literally or figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… תֵּבֵל (têbêl, H8398) — the earth (as moist and therefore inhabited); by extension, the globe; by implication,… אָמַן (ʼâman, H539) — properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render… צַר (tsar, H6862) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble ;… אֹיֵב (ʼôyêb, H341) — hating; an adversary בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) שַׁעַר (shaʻar, H8179) — an opening, i.e. door or gate יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
Quelle öffnen ↗חַטָּאָה (chaṭṭâʼâh, H2403) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or… נָבִיא (nâbîyʼ, H5030) — a prophet or (generally) inspired man עָוֺן (ʻâvôn, H5771) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… שָׁפַךְ (shâphak, H8210) — to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e. to mound up); also… דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… צַדִּיק (tsaddîyq, H6662) — just קֶרֶב (qereb, H7130) — properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial…
Quelle öffnen ↗נוּעַ (nûwaʻ, H5128) — to waver, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (as subjoined) עִוֵּר (ʻivvêr, H5787) — blind (literally or figuratively) חוּץ (chûwts, H2351) — properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors גָּאַל (gâʼal, H1351) — to soil or (figuratively) desecrate דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… יָכֹל (yâkôl, H3201) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might) לֹא (lôʼ, H3808) — not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles נָגַע (nâgaʻ, H5060) — properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with… לְבוּשׁ (lᵉbûwsh, H3830) — a garment (literally or figuratively); by implication (euphemistically) a wife
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Stehe auf und klage des Nachts, beim Beginn der Wachen! Schütte dein Herz wie Wasser aus vor dem Angesicht des Herrn! Hebe deine Hände zu ihm empor für die Seele deiner Kindlein, die an allen Straßenecken vor Hunger verschmachten!
Wie ist die fromme Stadt zur Dirne geworden? Sie war voll Recht; Gerechtigkeit wohnte in ihr, nun aber Mörder!
Jesus aber sprach zu ihnen: Sehet ihr nicht dieses alles? Wahrlich, ich sage euch, hier wird kein Stein auf dem andern bleiben, der nicht zerbrochen wird!
Wie bist du vom Himmel herabgefallen, du Morgenstern, wie bist du zu Boden geschmettert, der du die Völker niederstrecktest!
nach Jerusalem und verbrannte das Haus des HERRN und das Haus des Königs und alle Häuser von Jerusalem; alle großen Häuser verbrannte er mit Feuer;
Und Jesus sprach zu ihm: Siehst du diese großen Bauten? Es wird kein Stein auf dem andern gelassen werden, der nicht zerbrochen wird!