Jeremia 39
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JERUSALEM TAKEN. ZEDEKIAH'S FATE. JEREMIAH CARED FOR. EBED-MELECH ASSURED. (Jer. 39:1-18) ninth year . . . tenth month--and on the tenth day of it (Jer 52:4; Kg2 25:1-4). From Jer 39:2, "eleventh year . . . fourth month . . . ninth day," we know the siege lasted one and a half years, excepting the suspension of it caused by Pharaoh. Nebuchadnezzar was present in the beginning of the siege, but was at Riblah at its close (Jer 39:3, Jer 39:6; compare Jer 38:17).
Quelle öffnen ↗In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month,.... The month Tebet, which answers to part of our December, and part of January; so that it was in the winter season the siege of Jerusalem began: came Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and all his army against Jerusalem, and they besieged it; provoked by Zedekiah's breaking covenant with him, and rebelling against him, who had set him upon his throne, in the room of his nephew; so that here was a mixture of perfidy and ingratitude, which he was determined to revenge; and being impatient of it, came at such an unseasonable time of the year for a long march and a siege. The king of Babylon came in person at first; but having begun the siege, and given proper orders to his generals for the carrying of it on, and supposing it would be a long one, retired to Riblah in Syria, either for pleasure or for business. The time of beginning the siege exactly agrees with the account in Kg2 25:1; only there it is more particular, expressing the day of the month, which was the tenth of it; and so in Jer 52:4. The reason of inserting the account of the siege and taking of the city, in this place, is both to show the exact accomplishment of Jeremiah's prophecies about it, and to lead on to some facts and predictions that followed it.
Quelle öffnen ↗In Jer 39:1-14 the events which took place at the taking of Jerusalem are summarily related, for the purpose of showing how the announcements of Jeremiah the prophet have been fulfilled. (Note: The greater portion of the section Jer 39:1-14 is set down by Movers, Hitzig, Ewald, and Graf as the interpolation of a later glosser, compiled either out of Jer 52:4-16, or from 2 Kings 25. Jer 39:3, Jer 39:11, Jer 39:12, and Jer 39:14 are supposed by Hitzig to be all that are genuine, on the ground that these are the only portions containing independent statements, not derived from any other source. They treat simply of the person of the prophet, and state how, at the command of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuzaradan, the captain of the body-guard, brought Jeremiah out of the court of the prison and delivered him over to the care of Gedaliah. If we gather together the verses that are left as genuine, we find, of course, that the subject treated of in them is what occurred when Jeremiah was liberated from his confinement in the court of the prison. But neither is the difference between Jer 39:14 and Jer 40:1. thereby settled, nor the difficulty removed, that Nebuzaradan, the captain of the body-guard, was not present with the army when Jerusalem was taken; according to Jer 52:12, it was not till a month after that event that he was sent to Jerusalem from Riblah by the king, who was staying there. Jer 39:11 and Jer 39:12, too, retain the appearance of being interpolations. Ewald and Graf, accordingly, consider these two verses also as later insertions. But even this view does not settle the differences and difficulties that have been raised, but only increases them; for it would represent Jeremiah as being set at liberty, not by Nebuzaradan, as is related Jer 40:1., but by the Chaldean gene…
Quelle öffnen ↗We were told, in the close of the foregoing chapter, that Jeremiah abode patiently in the court of the prison, until the day that Jerusalem was taken. He gave the princes no further disturbance by his prophesying, nor they him by their persecutions; for he had no more to say than what he had said, and, the siege being carried on briskly, God found them other work to do. See here what it came to. I. The city is at length taken by storm; for how could it hold out when God himself fought against it? Nebuchadnezzar's army sat down before it in the ninth year of Zedekiah, in the tenth month (Jer 39:1), in the depth of winter. Nebuchadnezzar himself soon after retired to take his pleasure, and left his generals to carry on the siege: they intermitted it awhile, but soon renewed it with redoubled force and vigour. At length, in the eleventh year, in the fourth month, about midsummer, they entered the city, the soldiers being so weakened by famine, and all their provisions being now spent, that they were not able to make any resistance, Jer 39:2. Jerusalem was so strong a place that nobody would have believed the enemy could ever enter its gates, Lam 4:12. But sin had provoked God to withdraw his protection, and then, like Samson when his hair was cut, it was weak as other cities. II. The princes of the king of Babylon take possession of the middle gate, Jer 39:3. Some think that this was the same with that which is called the second gate (Zep 1:10), which is supposed to be in the middle wall that divided between one part of the city and the other. Here they cautiously made a half, and durst not go forward into so large a city, among men that perhaps would sell their lives as dearly as they could, until they had given directions for the searching of all places, that they might…
Quelle öffnen ↗39:1-10 Just as Jeremiah had predicted (34:1-7), the Lord’s judgment fell on Zedekiah and the kingdom of Judah. For other accounts of this event, see 52:4-16; 2 Kgs 25:1-21; 2 Chr 36:11-21; Ezek 24:1-14.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
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תְּשִׁיעִי (tᵉshîyʻîy, H8671) — ninth שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) צִדְקִיָּה (Tsidqîyâh, H6667) — Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… עֲשִׂירִי (ʻăsîyrîy, H6224) — tenth; by abbreviation, tenth month or (feminine) part חֹדֶשׁ (chôdesh, H2320) — the new moon; by implication, a month בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר (Nᵉbûwkadneʼtstsar, H5019) — Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire חַיִל (chayil, H2428) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue,… יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine צוּר (tsûwr, H6696) — to cramp, i.e. confine (in many applications, literally and figuratively, formative or…
Quelle öffnen ↗עַשְׁתֵּי (ʻashtêy, H6249) — eleven or (ordinal) eleventh עָשָׂר (ʻâsâr, H6240) — ten (only in combination), i.e. -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) צִדְקִיָּה (Tsidqîyâh, H6667) — Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites רְבִיעִי (rᵉbîyʻîy, H7243) — fourth; also (fractionally) a fourth חֹדֶשׁ (chôdesh, H2320) — the new moon; by implication, a month תֵּשַׁע (têshaʻ, H8672) — nine or (ordinal) ninth עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… בָּקַע (bâqaʻ, H1234) — to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip or open
Quelle öffnen ↗שַׂר (sar, H8269) — a head person (of any rank or class) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… תָּוֶךְ (tâvek, H8432) — a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre שַׁעַר (shaʻar, H8179) — an opening, i.e. door or gate נֵרְגַּל שַׁרְאֶצֶר (Nêrᵉgal Sharʼetser, H5371) — Nergal-Sharetser, the name of two Babylonians סַמְגַּר נְבוֹ (Çamgar Nᵉbôw, H5562) — Samgar-Nebo, a Babylonian general שַׂרְסְכִים (Sarçᵉkîym, H8310) — Sarsekim, a Babylonian general רַב־סָרִיס (Rab-Çârîyç, H7249) — Rab-Saris, a Babylonian official רַב־מָג (Rab-Mâg, H7248) — Rab-Mag, a Babylonian official שְׁאֵרִית (shᵉʼêrîyth, H7611) — a remainder or residual (surviving, final) portion
Quelle öffnen ↗צִדְקִיָּה (Tsidqîyâh, H6667) — Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… אֱנוֹשׁ (ʼĕnôwsh, H582) — a man in general (singly or collectively) מִלְחָמָה (milchâmâh, H4421) — a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare) בָּרַח (bârach, H1272) — to bolt, i.e. figuratively, to flee suddenly יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… לַיִל (layil, H3915) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity דֶּרֶךְ (derek, H1870) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb גַּן (gan, H1588) — a garden (as fenced) שַׁעַר (shaʻar, H8179) — an opening, i.e. door or gate חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection
Quelle öffnen ↗כַּשְׂדִּי (Kasdîy, H3778) — a Kasdite, or descendant of Kesed; by implication, a Chaldaean (as if so descended); also… חַיִל (chayil, H2428) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue,… רָדַף (râdaph, H7291) — to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by) אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… נָשַׂג (nâsag, H5381) — to reach (literally or figuratively) צִדְקִיָּה (Tsidqîyâh, H6667) — Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites עֲרָבָה (ʻărâbâh, H6160) — a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the… יְרִיחוֹ (Yᵉrîychôw, H3405) — Jericho or Jerecho, a place in Palestine לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר (Nᵉbûwkadneʼtstsar, H5019) — Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire רִבְלָה (Riblâh, H7247) — Riblah, a place in Syria
Quelle öffnen ↗מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire שָׁחַט (shâchaṭ, H7819) — to slaughter (in sacrifice or massacre) בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… צִדְקִיָּה (Tsidqîyâh, H6667) — Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites רִבְלָה (Riblâh, H7247) — Riblah, a place in Syria עַיִן (ʻayin, H5869) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) חֹר (chôr, H2715) — properly, white or pure (from the cleansing or shining power of fire; hence… יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the…
Quelle öffnen ↗עָוַר (ʻâvar, H5786) — to blind צִדְקִיָּה (Tsidqîyâh, H6667) — Tsidkijah, the name of six Israelites עַיִן (ʻayin, H5869) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle נְחֹשֶׁת (nᵉchôsheth, H5178) — copper, hence, something made of that metal, i.e. coin, a fetter; figuratively, base (as… בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
Quelle öffnen ↗כַּשְׂדִּי (Kasdîy, H3778) — a Kasdite, or descendant of Kesed; by implication, a Chaldaean (as if so descended); also… שָׂרַף (sâraph, H8313) — to be (causatively, set) on fire מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… אֵשׁ (ʼêsh, H784) — fire (literally or figuratively) נָתַץ (nâthats, H5422) — to tear down חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
Quelle öffnen ↗נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (Nᵉbûwzarʼădân, H5018) — Nebuzaradan, a Babylonian general רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) טַבָּח (ṭabbâch, H2876) — properly, a butcher; hence, a lifeguardsman (because he was acting as an executioner);… גָּלָה (gâlâh, H1540) — to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being… בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire יֶתֶר (yether, H3499) — properly, an overhanging, i.e. (by implication) an excess, superiority, remainder; also a… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… שָׁאַר (shâʼar, H7604) — properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant עִיר (ʻîyr, H5892) — a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere… נָפַל (nâphal, H5307) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or…
Quelle öffnen ↗נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (Nᵉbûwzarʼădân, H5018) — Nebuzaradan, a Babylonian general רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) טַבָּח (ṭabbâch, H2876) — properly, a butcher; hence, a lifeguardsman (because he was acting as an executioner);… שָׁאַר (shâʼar, H7604) — properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant דַּל (dal, H1800) — properly, dangling, i.e. (by implication) weak or thin עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… מְאוּמָה (mᵉʼûwmâh, H3972) — properly, a speck or point, i.e. (by implication) something; with negative, nothing אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) כֶּרֶם (kerem, H3754) — a garden or vineyard יָגֵב (yâgêb, H3010) — a plowed field יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to…
Quelle öffnen ↗נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר (Nᵉbûwkadneʼtstsar, H5019) — Nebukadnetstsar (or -retstsar, or -retstsor), king of Babylon מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire צָוָה (tsâvâh, H6680) — (intensively) to constitute, enjoin יִרְמְיָה (Yirmᵉyâh, H3414) — Jirmejah, the name of eight or nine Israelites יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (Nᵉbûwzarʼădân, H5018) — Nebuzaradan, a Babylonian general רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) טַבָּח (ṭabbâch, H2876) — properly, a butcher; hence, a lifeguardsman (because he was acting as an executioner);… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude)
Quelle öffnen ↗לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) עַיִן (ʻayin, H5869) — an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) שׂוּם (sûwm, H7760) — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application מְאוּמָה (mᵉʼûwmâh, H3972) — properly, a speck or point, i.e. (by implication) something; with negative, nothing רַע (raʻ, H7451) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral) דָבַר (dâbar, H1696) — perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a…
Quelle öffnen ↗נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן (Nᵉbûwzarʼădân, H5018) — Nebuzaradan, a Babylonian general רַב (rab, H7227) — abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality) טַבָּח (ṭabbâch, H2876) — properly, a butcher; hence, a lifeguardsman (because he was acting as an executioner);… שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) נְבוּשַׁזְבָּן (Nᵉbûwshazbân, H5021) — Nebushazban, Nebuchadnezzar's chief eunuch רַב־סָרִיס (Rab-Çârîyç, H7249) — Rab-Saris, a Babylonian official נֵרְגַּל שַׁרְאֶצֶר (Nêrᵉgal Sharʼetser, H5371) — Nergal-Sharetser, the name of two Babylonians רַב־מָג (Rab-Mâg, H7248) — Rab-Mag, a Babylonian official מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁלַח (shâlach, H7971) — to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) יִרְמְיָה (Yirmᵉyâh, H3414) — Jirmejah, the name of eight or nine Israelites חָצֵר (châtsêr, H2691) — a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls) מַטָּרָא (maṭṭârâʼ, H4307) — a jail (as a guard-house); also an aim (as being closely watched) נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) גְּדַּלְיָה (Gᵉdalyâh, H1436) — Gedaljah, the name of five Israelites בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… אֲחִיקָם (ʼĂchîyqâm, H296) — Achikam, an Israelite שָׁפָן (shâphân, H8227) — a species of rockrabbit (from its hiding), i.e. probably the hyrax יָצָא (yâtsâʼ, H3318) — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and… בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… תָּוֶךְ (tâvek, H8432) — a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
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