Sprüche 4
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To an earnest call for attention to his teachings, the writer adds a commendation of wisdom, preceded and enforced by the counsels of his father and teacher. To this he adds a caution (against the devices of the wicked), and a series of exhortations to docility, integrity, and uprightness. (Pro. 4:1-27) (Compare Pro 1:8). to know--in order to know. doctrine--the matter of learning (Pro 1:5), such as he had received (Lam 3:1).
Quelle öffnen ↗Hear, ye children, the instruction of a father,.... Either of God their father, as Gersom interprets it; or rather of Solomon their father: and so he recommends his instruction from the relation he stood in to them; for, since he was their father, he would give them no bad instruction; and, since they were his children, they ought to receive it: by whom are meant, not his children in a natural sense, or the children of his body; but his disciples, such who applied to him for knowledge, and whom he undertook to learn; and attend to know understanding; what would serve to enlighten, enlarge, improve, and inform their understandings; what would lead them into the knowledge and understanding of things divine and spiritual, and which would be worth knowing; and of having their understandings stored and enriched with.
Quelle öffnen ↗He now confirms and explains the command to duty which he has placed at the beginning of the whole (Pro 1:8). This he does by his own example, for he relates from the history of his own youth, to the circle of disciples by whom he sees himself surrounded, what good doctrine his parents had taught him regarding the way of life: 1 Hear, ye sons, the instruction of a father, And attend that ye may gain understanding; 2 For I give to you good doctrine, Forsake not my direction! 3 For I was a son to my father, A tender and only (son) in the sight of my mother. 4 And he instructed me, and said to me: "Let thine heart hold fast my words: Observe my commandments and live!" That בּנים in the address comes here into the place of בּני, hitherto used, externally denotes that בני in the progress of these discourses finds another application: the poet himself is so addressed by his father. Intentionally he does not say אביכם (cf. Pro 1:8): he does not mean the father of each individual among those addressed, but himself, who is a father in his relation to them as his disciples; and as he manifests towards them fatherly love, so also he can lay claim to paternal authority over them. לדעת is rightly vocalized, not לדעת. The words do not give the object of attention, but the design, the aim. The combination of ideas in דּעת בּינה (cf. Pro 1:2), which appears to us singular, loses its strangeness when we remember that דעת means, according to its etymon, deposition or reception into the conscience and life. Regarding לקח, apprehension, reception, lesson = doctrine, vid., Pro 1:5. נתתּי is the perf., which denotes as fixed and finished what is just now being done, Gesenius, 126, 4. עזב is here synonym of נטשׁ, Pro 1:8, and the contrary of שׁמר, Pro 28:4. The relative factum in the perfect,…
Quelle öffnen ↗Here we have, I. The invitation which Solomon gives to his children to come and receive instruction from him (Pro 4:1, Pro 4:2): Hear, you children, the instruction of a father. That is, 1. "Let my own children, in the first place, receive and give good heed to those instructions which I set down for the use of others also." Note, Magistrates and ministers, who are entrusted with the direction of larger societies, are concerned to take a more than ordinary care for the good instruction of their own families; from this duty their public work will by no means excuse them. This charity must begin at home, though it must not end there; for he that has not his children in subjection with all gravity, and does not take pains in their good education, how shall he do his duty as he ought to the church of God? Ti1 3:4, Ti1 3:5. The children of those that are eminent for wisdom and public usefulness ought to improve in knowledge and grace in proportion to the advantages they derive from their relation to such parents. Yet it may be observed, to save both the credit and the comfort of those parents whose children do not answer the hopes that arose from their education, that Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, was far from being either one of the wisest or one of the best. We have reason to think that thousands have got more good by Solomon's proverbs than his own son did, to whom they seem to have been dedicated. 2. Let all young people, in the days of their childhood and youth, take pains to get knowledge and grace, for that is their learning age, and then their minds are formed and seasoned. He does not say, My children, but You children. We read but of one son that Solomon had of his own; but (would you think it?) he is willing to set up for a schoolmaster, and to teach other people'…
Quelle öffnen ↗4:1 Discourses in chs 1–9 often begin with the call to listen (cp. 1:8, 23; 2:1; 4:20-21; 5:1-2; 6:20-23; 7:1-3). • when your father corrects you: The children have reason to listen, because they have made mistakes.
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… מוּסָר (mûwçâr, H4148) — properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application קָשַׁב (qâshab, H7181) — to prick up the ears, i.e. hearken יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… בִּינָה (bîynâh, H998) — understanding
Quelle öffnen ↗נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… לֶקַח (leqach, H3948) — properly, something received, i.e. (mentally) instruction (whether on the part of the… עָזַב (ʻâzab, H5800) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc. תּוֹרָה (tôwrâh, H8451) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch
Quelle öffnen ↗אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… רַךְ (rak, H7390) — tender (literally or figuratively); by implication, weak יָחִיד (yâchîyd, H3173) — properly, united, i.e. sole; by implication, beloved; also lonely; (feminine) the life… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… אֵם (ʼêm, H517) — a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively…
Quelle öffnen ↗יָרָה (yârâh, H3384) — properly, to flow as water (i.e. to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) לֵב (lêb, H3820) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the… תָּמַךְ (tâmak, H8551) — to sustain; by implication, to obtain, keep fast; figuratively, to help, follow close דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause שָׁמַר (shâmar, H8104) — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to,… מִצְוָה (mitsvâh, H4687) — a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the Law) חָיָה (châyâh, H2421) — to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
Quelle öffnen ↗קָנָה (qânâh, H7069) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively,… חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2451) — wisdom (in a good sense) בִּינָה (bîynâh, H998) — understanding שָׁכַח (shâkach, H7911) — to mislay, i.e. to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention נָטָה (nâṭâh, H5186) — to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used… אֵמֶר (ʼêmer, H561) — something said פֶּה (peh, H6310) — the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech);…
Quelle öffnen ↗עָזַב (ʻâzab, H5800) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc. שָׁמַר (shâmar, H8104) — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to,… אָהַב (ʼâhab, H157) — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise) נָצַר (nâtsar, H5341) — to guard, in a good sense (to protect, maintain, obey, etc.) or a bad one (to conceal,…
Quelle öffnen ↗חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2451) — wisdom (in a good sense) רֵאשִׁית (rêʼshîyth, H7225) — the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit) קָנָה (qânâh, H7069) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively,… קִנְיָן (qinyân, H7075) — creation, i.e. (concretely) creatures; also acquisition, purchase, wealth בִּינָה (bîynâh, H998) — understanding
Quelle öffnen ↗סָלַל (çâlal, H5549) — to mound up (especially a turnpike); figurative, to exalt; reflexively, to oppose (as by… רוּם (rûwm, H7311) — to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively) כָּבַד (kâbad, H3513) — to be heavy, i.e. in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous,… חָבַק (châbaq, H2263) — to clasp (the hands or in embrace)
Quelle öffnen ↗נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… לִוְיָה (livyâh, H3880) — something attached, i.e. a wreath חֵן (chên, H2580) — graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty) עֲטָרָה (ʻăṭârâh, H5850) — a crown תִּפְאָרָה (tiphʼârâh, H8597) — ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively) מָגַן (mâgan, H4042) — properly, to shield; encompass with; figuratively, to rescue, to hand safely over (i.e.…
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) אֵמֶר (ʼêmer, H561) — something said שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) חַי (chay, H2416) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially… רָבָה (râbâh, H7235) — to increase (in whatever respect)
Quelle öffnen ↗יָרָה (yârâh, H3384) — properly, to flow as water (i.e. to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an… דֶּרֶךְ (derek, H1870) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2451) — wisdom (in a good sense) דָּרַךְ (dârak, H1869) — to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string abow (by treading on it in bending) יֹשֶׁר (yôsher, H3476) — the right מַעְגָּל (maʻgâl, H4570) — a track (literally or figuratively); also a rampart (as circular)
Quelle öffnen ↗יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) צַעַד (tsaʻad, H6806) — a pace or regular step יָצַר (yâtsar, H3334) — to press (intransitive), i.e. be narrow; figuratively, be in distress רוּץ (rûwts, H7323) — to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush) כָּשַׁל (kâshal, H3782) — to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication,…
Quelle öffnen ↗חָזַק (châzaq, H2388) — to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively… מוּסָר (mûwçâr, H4148) — properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint רָפָה (râphâh, H7503) — to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative) נָצַר (nâtsar, H5341) — to guard, in a good sense (to protect, maintain, obey, etc.) or a bad one (to conceal,… חַי (chay, H2416) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially…
Quelle öffnen ↗בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אֹרַח (ʼôrach, H734) — a well-trodden road (literally or figuratively); also a caravan רָשָׁע (râshâʻ, H7563) — morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person אָשַׁר (ʼâshar, H833) — to be straight (used in the widest sense, especially to be level, right, happy);… דֶּרֶךְ (derek, H1870) — a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb רַע (raʻ, H7451) — bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Darum sollen wir desto mehr auf das achten, was wir gehört haben, damit wir nicht etwa daran vorbeigleiten.
Junge Löwen leiden Not und Hunger; aber die den HERRN suchen, müssen nichts Gutes entbehren.
Höre, mein Sohn, die Unterweisung deines Vaters und verwirf nicht die Lehre deiner Mutter!
Mein Sohn, merke auf meine Weisheit und neige dein Ohr meiner Belehrung zu;
Sprich zur Weisheit: Du bist meine Schwester! und sage zum Verstand: Du bist mein Vertrauter!
Neige dein Ohr und höre die Worte der Weisen, und dein Herz merke auf meine Lehre!
Gehorche dem Rat und nimm die Züchtigung an, damit du endlich weise wirst!