Sprüche 1
Eine verständliche Vertiefung zum ganzen Kapitel. Kapitel lesen →
Kommentare
Auszüge aus veröffentlichten Kommentaren, die die Auslegung untermauern.
After the title the writer defines the design and nature of the instructions of the book. He paternally invites attention to those instructions and warns his readers against the enticements of the wicked. In a beautiful personification, wisdom is then introduced in a most solemn and impressive manner, publicly inviting men to receive its teachings, warning those who reject, and encouraging those who accept, the proffered instructions. (Pro. 1:1-33)
Quelle öffnen ↗The proverbs of Solomon,.... Who is said to make three thousand proverbs, Kg1 4:32; but whether any of them are contained in this book cannot be said: however, it is certain that they are not all in it, since, if you except the first "nine" chapters, which are the introduction to the Proverbs, there are but six hundred and fifty-nine verses in it; and if they are taken in, they make but nine hundred and fifteen, which are not a third part of the proverbs said to be made by him: however, here are as many and such as God thought fit should be preserved for instruction in all future ages. It was usual with the ancients in all countries, when any truth was found, and established by experience, to wrap it up in a few apt words, with or without a figure; that it might be the better understood and more easily retained, and which were always venerable and greatly attended to: and of this kind are these proverbs; only with this difference, that these are of divine inspiration, and the others not. The word used for them comes from one which signifies "similitude" and "dominion" (g); because many of them are similes or comparisons, and are delivered out in figurative expressions, in metaphors and allegories, and the like; and have all of them a commanding power, authority, and influence upon the mind, obliging to an attention to them. The name of Solomon is put to them, the more to recommend them; who had a wise and understanding heart, as large as the sand of the sea, and was wiser than all men, Kg1 4:29; and was an eminent type of Christ, who spake in proverbs also, Joh 16:25. He is further described by his pedigree and office, the son of David, king of Israel; a wise son of a wise father, and king over a wise and understanding people. These titles are added for the further comm…
Quelle öffnen ↗The external title, i.e., the Synagogue name, of the whole collection of Proverbs is משׁלי (Mishle), the word with which it commences. Origen (Euseb. h. e. vi. 25) uses the name Μισλώθ, i.e., משׁלות, which occurs in the Talmud and Midrash as the designation of the book, from its contents. In a similar way, the names given to the Psalter, תּהלּים and תּהלּות, are interchanged. This external title is followed by one which the Book of Proverbs, viewed as to its gradual formation, and first the older portion, gives to itself. It reaches from Pro 1:1 to Pro 1:6, and names not only the contents and the author of the book, but also commends it in regard to the service which it is capable of rendering. It contains "Proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel." The books of the נבואה and חכמה, including the Canticles, thus give their own titles; among the historical books, that of the memoirs of Nehemiah is the only one that does so. משׁלי has the accent Dech, to separate (Note: Norzi has erroneously accented משלי with the accent Munach. The מ is besides the Masoretic majusculum, like the ב, שׁ, and א at the commencement of the Law, the Canticles, and Chronicles.) it from the following complex genitive which it governs, and מלך ישׂראל is made the second hemistich, because it belongs to שׁלמה, not to דּוד. (Note: If it had belonged to דוד, then the sentence would have been accented thus: משׁלי שלמה בן־דוד מלך ישראל.) As to the fundamental idea of the word משׁל, we refer to the derivation given in the Gesch. der jud. Poesie, p. 196, from משׁל, Aram. מתל, root תל, Sanskr. tul (whence tul, balance, similarity), Lat. tollere; the comparison of the Arab. mathal leads to the same conclusion. "משׁל signifies, not, as Schultens and others after him affirm, effigies ad similitu…
Quelle öffnen ↗We have here an introduction to this book, which some think was prefixed by the collector and publisher, as Ezra; but it is rather supposed to have been penned by Solomon himself, who, in the beginning of his book, proposes his end in writing it, that he might keep to his business, and closely pursue that end. We are here told, I. Who wrote these wise sayings, Pro 1:1. They are the proverbs of Solomon. 1. His name signifies peaceable, and the character both of his spirit and of his reign answered to it; both were peaceable. David, whose life was full of troubles, wrote a book of devotion; for is any afflicted? let him pray. Solomon, who lived quietly, wrote a book of instruction; for when the churches had rest they were edified. In times of peace we should learn ourselves, and teach others, that which in troublous times both they and we must practise. 2. He was the son of David; it was his honour to stand related to that good man, and he reckoned it so with good reason, for he fared the better for it, Kg1 11:12. He had been blessed with a good education, and many a good prayer had been put up for him (Psa 72:1), the effect of both which appeared in his wisdom and usefulness. The generation of the upright are sometimes thus blessed, that they are made blessings, eminent blessings, in their day. Christ is often called the Son of David, and Solomon was a type of him in this, as in other things, that he opened his mouth in parables or proverbs. 3. He was king of Israel - a king, and yet it was no disparagement to him to be an instructor of the ignorant, and a teacher of babes - king of Israel, that people among whom God was known and his name was great; among them he learned wisdom, and to them he communicated it. All the earth sought to Solomon to hear his wisdom, which ex…
Quelle öffnen ↗1:1 Solomon is the foremost authority on Israelite wisdom (see 1 Kgs 3:1-28; 4:32). Many proverbs are ascribed to Solomon, but he did not write all of them (see Prov 22:17; 24:23; 25:1; 30:1; 31:1).
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
מָשָׁל (mâshâl, H4912) — properly, a pithy maxim, usually of metaphorical nature; hence, a simile (as an adage,… שְׁלֹמֹה (Shᵉlômôh, H8010) — Shelomah, David's successor בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… דָּוִד (Dâvid, H1732) — David, the youngest son of Jesse מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Quelle öffnen ↗יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2451) — wisdom (in a good sense) מוּסָר (mûwçâr, H4148) — properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint בִּין (bîyn, H995) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand אֵמֶר (ʼêmer, H561) — something said בִּינָה (bîynâh, H998) — understanding
Quelle öffnen ↗לָקַח (lâqach, H3947) — to take (in the widest variety of applications) מוּסָר (mûwçâr, H4148) — properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint שָׂכַל (sâkal, H7919) — to be (causatively, make or act) circumspect and hence, intelligent צֶדֶק (tsedeq, H6664) — the right (natural, moral or legal); also (abstractly) equity or (figuratively) prosperity מִשְׁפָּט (mishpâṭ, H4941) — properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a… מֵישָׁר (mêyshâr, H4339) — evenness, i.e. (figuratively) prosperity or concord; also straightness, i.e.…
Quelle öffnen ↗נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) עׇרְמָה (ʻormâh, H6195) — trickery; or (in a good sense) discretion פְּתִי (pᵉthîy, H6612) — silly (i.e. seducible) נַעַר (naʻar, H5288) — (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a… דַּעַת (daʻath, H1847) — knowledge מְזִמָּה (mᵉzimmâh, H4209) — a plan, usually evil (machination), sometimes good (sagacity)
Quelle öffnen ↗חָכָם (châkâm, H2450) — wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful) שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… יָסַף (yâçaph, H3254) — to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing) לֶקַח (leqach, H3948) — properly, something received, i.e. (mentally) instruction (whether on the part of the… בִּין (bîyn, H995) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand קָנָה (qânâh, H7069) — to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively,… תַּחְבֻּלָה (tachbulâh, H8458) — (only in plural) properly, steerage (as a management of ropes), i.e. (figuratively)…
Quelle öffnen ↗בִּין (bîyn, H995) — to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e.(generally) understand מָשָׁל (mâshâl, H4912) — properly, a pithy maxim, usually of metaphorical nature; hence, a simile (as an adage,… מְלִיצָה (mᵉlîytsâh, H4426) — an aphorism; also a satire דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause חָכָם (châkâm, H2450) — wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful) חִידָה (chîydâh, H2420) — a puzzle, hence, a trick, conundrum, sententious maxim
Quelle öffnen ↗יִרְאָה (yirʼâh, H3374) — fear (also used as infinitive); morally, reverence יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God רֵאשִׁית (rêʼshîyth, H7225) — the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit) דַּעַת (daʻath, H1847) — knowledge אֱוִיל (ʼĕvîyl, H191) — (figuratively) silly בּוּז (bûwz, H936) — to disrespect חׇכְמָה (chokmâh, H2451) — wisdom (in a good sense) מוּסָר (mûwçâr, H4148) — properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint
Quelle öffnen ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… מוּסָר (mûwçâr, H4148) — properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint אָב (ʼâb, H1) — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application נָטַשׁ (nâṭash, H5203) — properly, to pound, i.e. smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to… תּוֹרָה (tôwrâh, H8451) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch אֵם (ʼêm, H517) — a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively…
Quelle öffnen ↗לִוְיָה (livyâh, H3880) — something attached, i.e. a wreath חֵן (chên, H2580) — graciousness, i.e. subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty) רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… עָנָק (ʻânâq, H6060) — a necklace (as if strangling) גַּרְגְּרוֹת (gargᵉrôwth, H1621) — the throat (as used in rumination)
Quelle öffnen ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… חַטָּא (chaṭṭâʼ, H2400) — a criminal, or one accounted guilty פָּתָה (pâthâh, H6601) — to open, i.e. be (causatively, make) roomy; usually figuratively (in a mental or moral… אָבָה (ʼâbâh, H14) — to breathe after, i.e. (figuratively) to be acquiescent
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) יָלַךְ (yâlak, H3212) — to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) אָרַב (ʼârab, H693) — to lurk דָּם (dâm, H1818) — blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice… צָפַן (tsâphan, H6845) — to hide (by covering over); by implication, to hoard or reserve; figuratively to deny;… נָקִי (nâqîy, H5355) — innocent חִנָּם (chinnâm, H2600) — gratis, i.e. devoid of cost, reason or advantage
Quelle öffnen ↗בָּלַע (bâlaʻ, H1104) — to make away with (specifically by swallowing); generally, to destroy חַי (chay, H2416) — alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially… שְׁאוֹל (shᵉʼôwl, H7585) — Hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories… תָּמִים (tâmîym, H8549) — entire (literally, figuratively or morally); also (as noun) integrity, truth יָרַד (yârad, H3381) — to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the… בּוֹר (bôwr, H953) — a pit hole (especially one used as a cistern or a prison)
Quelle öffnen ↗מָצָא (mâtsâʼ, H4672) — properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or… יָקָר (yâqâr, H3368) — valuable (objectively or subjectively) הוֹן (hôwn, H1952) — wealth; by implication, enough מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4390) — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively) בַּיִת (bayith, H1004) — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.) שָׁלָל (shâlâl, H7998) — booty
Quelle öffnen ↗נָפַל (nâphal, H5307) — to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or… גּוֹרָל (gôwrâl, H1486) — properly, a pebble, i.e. a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively,… תָּוֶךְ (tâvek, H8432) — a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre אֶחָד (ʼechâd, H259) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first כִּיס (kîyç, H3599) — a cup; also a bag formoney or weights
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Sprüche Salomos: Ein weiser Sohn macht seinem Vater Freude, aber ein törichter Sohn ist seiner Mutter Grämen.
Auch unter allen meinen Söhnen (denn der HERR hat mir viele Söhne gegeben) hat er meinen Sohn Salomo erwählt, daß er auf dem Throne des Königreichs des HERRN über Israel sitze.
Siehe, ein Sohn, der dir geboren werden soll, wird ein Mann der Ruhe sein; denn ich will ihm Ruhe geben vor allen seinen Feinden ringsumher, darum soll er Salomo heißen; denn ich will Israel Frieden und Ruhe geben sein Leben lang.
Die Reden des Predigers, des Sohnes Davids, des Königs zu Jerusalem:
Auch das sind Sprüche Salomos, welche hinzugesetzt haben die Männer Hiskias, des Königs von Juda:
Und Salomo saß auf dem Throne seines Vaters David, und sein Königtum ward fest gegründet.
Und außerdem, daß der Prediger weise war, lehrte er das Volk Erkenntnis und erwog und erforschte und stellte viele Sprichwörter auf.
Und er starb in gutem Alter, satt an Leben, Reichtum und Ehre. Und sein Sohn Salomo ward König an seiner Statt.
Solches habe ich euch in Gleichnissen gesagt; es kommt aber die Stunde, da ich nicht mehr in Gleichnissen zu euch reden, sondern euch offen vom Vater Kunde geben werde.