Nehemia 4
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Sanballat and Tobiah mock the Jews, and endeavor to prevent the completing of the wall, Neh 4:1-3. Nehemiah prays against them, and the people complete one half of the wall, Neh 4:4-6. The Arabians, Ammonites, and Ashdodites, conspire together, and come to fight against the Jews, Neh 4:7, Neh 4:8. The Jews commend themselves to God, and determine to fight for their lives and liberties; on hearing of which their enemies are disheartened, Neh 4:9-16. The Jews divide themselves into two bands; one half working, and the other standing ready armed to meet their enemies. Even the workmen are obliged to arm themselves, while employed in building, for fear of their enemies, Neh 4:17, Neh 4:18. Nehemiah uses all precautions to prevent a surprise; and all labor with great fervor in the work, Neh 4:19-22.
Quelle öffnen ↗WHILE THE ENEMIES SCOFF, NEHEMIAH PRAYS TO GOD, AND CONTINUES THE WORK. (Neh 4:1-6) when Sanballat heard that we builded the wall, he was wroth--The Samaritan faction showed their bitter animosity to the Jews on discovering the systematic design of refortifying Jerusalem. Their opposition was confined at first to scoffs and insults, in heaping which the governors made themselves conspicuous, and circulated all sorts of disparaging reflections that might increase the feelings of hatred and contempt for them in their own party. The weakness of the Jews in respect of wealth and numbers, the absurdity of their purpose apparently to reconstruct the walls and celebrate the feast of dedication in one day, the idea of raising the walls on their old foundations, as well as using the charred and mouldering debris of the ruins as the materials for the restored buildings, and the hope of such a parapet as they could raise being capable of serving as a fortress of defense--these all afforded fertile subjects of hostile ridicule.
Quelle öffnen ↗But it came to pass, that when Sanballat heard that we builded the wall,.... Or were building it; for as yet it was not finished, see Neh 4:6, he was wroth, and took great indignation; inwardly, though outwardly he pretended to treat the work with contempt, as if it never would be accomplished, which yet he feared: and mocked the Jews; as a set of foolish builders, and unable to finish what they had begun.
Quelle öffnen ↗The ridicule of Tobiah and Sanballat. - As soon as Sanballat heard that we were building (בּנים, partic., expresses not merely the resolve or desire to build, but also the act of commencing), he was wroth and indignant, and vented his anger by ridiculing the Jews, saying before his brethren, i.e., the rulers of his people, and the army of Samaria (חיל, like Est 1:3; Kg2 18:17), - in other words, saying publicly before his associates and subordinates, - "What do these feeble Jews? will they leave it to themselves? will they sacrifice? will they finish it to-day? will they revive the stones out of the heaps that are burned?" עשׂים מה, not, What will they do? (Bertheau), for the participle is present, and does not stand for the future; but, What are they doing? The form אמלל, withered, powerless, occurs here only. The subject of the four succeeding interrogative sentences must be the same. And this is enough to render inadmissible the explanation offered by older expositors of להם היעזבוּ: Will they leave to them, viz., will the neighbouring nations or the royal prefects allow them to build? Here, as in the case of the following verbs, the subject can only be the Jews. Hence Ewald seeks, both here and in Neh 4:8, to give to the verb עזב the meaning to shelter: Will they make a shelter for themselves, i.e., will they fortify the town? But this is quite arbitrary. Bertheau more correctly compares the passage, Psa 10:14, אלהים על עזבנוּ, we leave it to God; but incorrectly infers that here also we must supply אלהים על, and that, Will they leave to themselves? means, Will they commit the matter to God. This mode of completing the sense, however, can by no means be justified; and Bertheau's conjecture, that the Jews now assembling in Jerusalem, before commencing the work itself…
Quelle öffnen ↗Here is, I. The spiteful scornful reflection which Sanballat and Tobiah cast upon the Jews for their attempt to build the wall about Jerusalem. The country rang of it presently; intelligence was brought of it to Samaria, that nest of enemies to the Jews and their prosperity; and here we are told how they received the tidings. 1. In heart. They were very angry at the undertaking, and had great indignation, Neh 4:1. It vexed them that Nehemiah came to seek the welfare of the children of Israel (Neh 2:10); but, when they heard of this great undertaking for their good, they were out of all patience. They had hitherto pleased themselves with the thought that while Jerusalem was unwalled they could swallow it up and make themselves masters of it when they pleased; but, if it be walled, it will not only be fenced against them, but by degrees become formidable to them. The strength and safety of the church are the grief and vexation of its enemies. 2. In word. They despised it, and made it the subject of their ridicule. In this they sufficiently displayed their malice; but good was brought out of it; for, looking upon it as a foolish undertaking that would sink under its own weight, they did not go about to obstruct it till it was too late. Let us see with what pride and malice they set themselves publicly to banter it. (1.) Sanballat speaks with scorn of the workmen: "These feeble Jews" (Neh 4:2), "what will they do for materials? Will they revive the stones out of the rubbish? And what mean they by being so hasty? Do they think to make the walling of a city but one day's work, and to keep the feast of dedication with sacrifice the next day? Poor silly people! See how ridiculous they make themselves!" (2.) Tobiah speaks with no less scorn of the work itself. He has his jest to…
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
Die hebräischen und griechischen Wörter hinter dieser Stelle, mit Strong-Nummern — von openscriptures (CC BY-SA).
סַנְבַלַּט (Çanballaṭ, H5571) — Sanballat, a Persian satrap of Samaria שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… בָּנָה (bânâh, H1129) — to build (literally and figuratively) חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection חָרָה (chârâh, H2734) — to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy רָבָה (râbâh, H7235) — to increase (in whatever respect) כַּעַס (kaʻaç, H3707) — to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant לָעַג (lâʻag, H3932) — to deride; by implication (as if imitating a foreigner) to speak unintelligibly יְהוּדִי (Yᵉhûwdîy, H3064) — a Jehudite (i.e. Judaite or Jew), or descendant of Jehudah (i.e. Judah)
Quelle öffnen ↗אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… אָח (ʼâch, H251) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or… חַיִל (chayil, H2428) — probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue,… שֹׁמְרוֹן (Shômᵉrôwn, H8111) — Shomeron, a place in Palestine עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application אֲמֵלָל (ʼămêlâl, H537) — languid יְהוּדִי (Yᵉhûwdîy, H3064) — a Jehudite (i.e. Judaite or Jew), or descendant of Jehudah (i.e. Judah) עָזַב (ʻâzab, H5800) — to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc. זָבַח (zâbach, H2076) — to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice) כָּלָה (kâlâh, H3615) — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitived (to complete,… יוֹם (yôwm, H3117) — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to… חָיָה (châyâh, H2421) — to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive אֶבֶן (ʼeben, H68) — a stone
Quelle öffnen ↗טוֹבִיָּה (Ṭôwbîyâh, H2900) — Tobijah, the name of three Israelites and of one Samaritan עַמּוֹנִי (ʻAmmôwnîy, H5984) — an Ammonite or (the adjective) Ammonitish אֵצֶל (ʼêtsel, H681) — a side; (as a preposition) near אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) בָּנָה (bânâh, H1129) — to build (literally and figuratively) שׁוּעָל (shûwʻâl, H7776) — a jackal (as a burrower) עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… פָּרַץ (pârats, H6555) — to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative) אֶבֶן (ʼeben, H68) — a stone חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection
Quelle öffnen ↗שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… בּוּזָה (bûwzâh, H939) — something scorned; an object of contempt שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not… חֶרְפָּה (cherpâh, H2781) — contumely, disgrace, the pudenda רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) בִּזָּה (bizzâh, H961) — booty אֶרֶץ (ʼerets, H776) — the earth (at large, or partitively a land) שִׁבְיָה (shibyâh, H7633) — exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively)
Quelle öffnen ↗כָּסָה (kâçâh, H3680) — properly, to plump, i.e. fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or… עָוֺן (ʻâvôn, H5771) — perversity, i.e. (moral) evil חַטָּאָה (chaṭṭâʼâh, H2403) — an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or… מָחָה (mâchâh, H4229) — properly, to stroke or rub; by implication, to erase; also to smooth (as if with oil),… פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… כַּעַס (kaʻaç, H3707) — to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant בָּנָה (bânâh, H1129) — to build (literally and figuratively)
Quelle öffnen ↗בָּנָה (bânâh, H1129) — to build (literally and figuratively) חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection קָשַׁר (qâshar, H7194) — to tie, physically (gird, confine, compact) or mentally (in love, league) חֵצִי (chêtsîy, H2677) — the half or middle עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… לֵב (lêb, H3820) — the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the… עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
Quelle öffnen ↗סַנְבַלַּט (Çanballaṭ, H5571) — Sanballat, a Persian satrap of Samaria טוֹבִיָּה (Ṭôwbîyâh, H2900) — Tobijah, the name of three Israelites and of one Samaritan עֲרָבִי (ʻĂrâbîy, H6163) — an Arabian or inhabitant of Arab (i.e. Arabia) עַמּוֹנִי (ʻAmmôwnîy, H5984) — an Ammonite or (the adjective) Ammonitish אַשְׁדּוֹדִי (ʼAshdôwdîy, H796) — an Ashdodite (often collectively) or inhabitant of Asdod שָׁמַע (shâmaʻ, H8085) — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively,… חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine אֲרוּכָה (ʼărûwkâh, H724) — wholeness (literally or figuratively) עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… פָּרַץ (pârats, H6555) — to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative) חָלַל (châlal, H2490) — properly, to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane… סָתַם (çâtham, H5640) — to stop up; by implication, to repair; figuratively, to keep secret מְאֹד (mᵉʼôd, H3966) — properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication,…
Quelle öffnen ↗קָשַׁר (qâshar, H7194) — to tie, physically (gird, confine, compact) or mentally (in love, league) יַחַד (yachad, H3162) — properly, a unit, i.e. (adverb) unitedly בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) לָחַם (lâcham, H3898) — to feed on; figuratively, to consume; by implication, to battle (as destruction) יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application תּוֹעָה (tôwʻâh, H8442) — mistake, i.e. (morally) impiety, or (political) injury
Quelle öffnen ↗פָּלַל (pâlal, H6419) — to judge (officially or mentally); by extension, to intercede, pray אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… עָמַד (ʻâmad, H5975) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) מִשְׁמָר (mishmâr, H4929) — a guard (the man, the post or the prison); a deposit (figuratively); also (as observed) a… יוֹמָם (yôwmâm, H3119) — daily לַיִל (layil, H3915) — properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and…
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהוּדָה (Yᵉhûwdâh, H3063) — Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) כֹּחַ (kôach, H3581) — vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means,… סַבָּל (çabbâl, H5449) — a porter כָּשַׁל (kâshal, H3782) — to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication,… רָבָה (râbâh, H7235) — to increase (in whatever respect) עָפָר (ʻâphâr, H6083) — dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud יָכֹל (yâkôl, H3201) — to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might) בָּנָה (bânâh, H1129) — to build (literally and figuratively) חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection
Quelle öffnen ↗צַר (tsar, H6862) — narrow; (as a noun) a tight place (usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble ;… אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) יָדַע (yâdaʻ, H3045) — to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses,… רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) תָּוֶךְ (tâvek, H8432) — a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre הָרַג (hârag, H2026) — to smite with deadly intent מְלָאכָה (mᵉlâʼkâh, H4399) — properly, deputyship, i.e. ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work… שָׁבַת (shâbath, H7673) — to repose, i.e. desist from exertion; used in many implied relations (causative,…
Quelle öffnen ↗יְהוּדִי (Yᵉhûwdîy, H3064) — a Jehudite (i.e. Judaite or Jew), or descendant of Jehudah (i.e. Judah) יָשַׁב (yâshab, H3427) — properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to… אֵצֶל (ʼêtsel, H681) — a side; (as a preposition) near בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) עֶשֶׂר (ʻeser, H6235) — ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits) פַּעַם (paʻam, H6471) — a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow) מָקוֹם (mâqôwm, H4725) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific);… שׁוּב (shûwb, H7725) — to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not…
Quelle öffnen ↗עָמַד (ʻâmad, H5975) — to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive) תַּחְתִּי (tachtîy, H8482) — lowermost; as noun (feminine plural) the depths (figuratively, a pit, the womb) מָקוֹם (mâqôwm, H4725) — properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific);… אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… חוֹמָה (chôwmâh, H2346) — a wall of protection צְחִיחַ (tsᵉchîyach, H6706) — glaring, i.e. exposed to the bright sun צְחִיחִי (tsᵉchîychîy, H6708) — bare spot, i.e. in the glaring sun עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… מִשְׁפָּחָה (mishpâchâh, H4940) — a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of… חֶרֶב (chereb, H2719) — drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or… רֹמַח (rômach, H7420) — a lance (as thrown); especially the iron point קֶשֶׁת (qesheth, H7198) — a bow, forshooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
Quelle öffnen ↗רָאָה (râʼâh, H7200) — to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied,… קוּם (qûwm, H6965) — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) אָמַר (ʼâmar, H559) — to say (used with great latitude) חֹר (chôr, H2715) — properly, white or pure (from the cleansing or shining power of fire; hence… סָגָן (çâgân, H5461) — a prefect of a province יֶתֶר (yether, H3499) — properly, an overhanging, i.e. (by implication) an excess, superiority, remainder; also a… עַם (ʻam, H5971) — a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… יָרֵא (yârêʼ, H3372) — to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to frighten פָּנִים (pânîym, H6440) — the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and… זָכַר (zâkar, H2142) — properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention;… אֲדֹנָי (ʼĂdônây, H136) — the Lord (used as a proper name of God only) גָּדוֹל (gâdôwl, H1419) — great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent לָחַם (lâcham, H3898) — to feed on; figuratively, to consume; by implication, to battle (as destruction) אָח (ʼâch, H251) — a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or…
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Als aber Sanballat, der Horoniter, und Tobija, der ammonitische Knecht, solches hörten, verdroß es sie sehr, daß ein Mensch gekommen war, das Wohl der Kinder Israel zu suchen.
Andere erfuhren Spott und Geißelung, dazu Ketten und Gefängnis;
Als aber Sanballat, der Horoniter, und Tobija, der ammonitische Knecht, und Geschem, der Araber, solches hörten, spotteten sie über uns und verachteten uns und sprachen: Was hat das zu bedeuten, was ihr vornehmet? Wollt ihr euch gegen den König auflehnen?
Es erhob sich aber der Hohepriester und sein ganzer Anhang, nämlich die Sekte der Sadduzäer.
und flochten eine Krone von Dornen, setzten sie auf sein Haupt, gaben ihm ein Rohr in die rechte Hand und beugten vor ihm die Knie, verspotteten ihn und sprachen: Sei gegrüßt, König der Juden!