Esra 7
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In the reign of Artaxerxes - This was Artaxerxes Longimanus, the seventh of whose reign chronologers place A.M. 3547, sixty-eight years after Cyrus had sent back Zerubbabel. - Calmet. See the introduction. Son of Seraiah - Either this could not have been Seraiah the high priest, who had been put to death by Nebuchadnezzar one hundred and twenty-one years before this time, or the term son here must signify only his descendants, or one of his descendants. Were it otherwise, Ezra must now be at least one hundred and twenty-two years of age, supposing him to have been born in the year of his father's death; if, indeed Seraiah the high priest was his father; but this is evidently impossible. In this place there are only sixteen generations reckoned between Ezra and Aaron, but in Ch1 6:3, Ch1 6:4, etc., there are not less than twenty-two. We must therefore supply the deficient generations from the above place, between Amariah son of Meraioth, Ch1 6:7, and Azariah the son of Johanan, Ch1 6:10. There are other discrepancies relative to genealogies in these historical books which it would be useless to investigate. On these differences much has been already said in different parts of this comment.
Quelle öffnen ↗EZRA GOES UP TO JERUSALEM. (Ezr 7:1-10) in the reign of Artaxerxes--the Ahasuerus of Esther. Ezra the son of Seraiah--that is, grandson or great-grandson. Seraiah was the high priest put to death by Nebuchadnezzar at Riblah (Kg2 25:18). A period of one hundred thirty years had elapsed between that catastrophe and the journey of Ezra to Jerusalem. As a grandson of Seraiah, namely, Jeshua, who held the office of high priest, had accompanied Zerubbabel in the first caravan of returning exiles, Ezra must have been in all probability a grandson, descended, too, from a younger son, the older branch being in possession of the pontificate.
Quelle öffnen ↗Now after these things,.... The finishing of the temple, and the dedication of it, and keeping the passover: in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia; in the seventh year of his reign, Ezr 7:7, who is the same with Darius in the preceding chapter; so Jarchi and Aben Ezra; See Gill on Ezr 6:14. Ezra the son of Seraiah; the high priest slain by Nebuchadnezzar Jer 52:24, this Ezra was a younger son of his, brother to Josedech, and uncle to Joshua, who were high priests in succession; his pedigree is carried in the ascending line up to Aaron, in this and the four following verses; only six generations, for brevity sake, are omitted, between Azariah and Meraioth, which may be supplied from Ch1 6:7; see Gill on
Quelle öffnen ↗Ezr 7:1-10 form the introduction to the narrative which follows of Ezra's return to Jerusalem and his ministry there, and speak in general terms of himself and his arrival at Jerusalem with a band of exiles. They are followed, vv. 11-26, by a copy of the royal commission, and a thanksgiving, Ezr 7:27, Ezr 7:28, on the part of Ezra, for the mercy of God bestowed upon him. Ezr 7:1-6 What follows is slightly combined with the former occurrences by the formula "after these things," without any more exact chronological definition; comp. Gen 15:1; Gen 22:1, and elsewhere. Between the dedication of the temple in the sixth year of Darius and the arrival of Ezra in Jerusalem, a period of fifty-seven years had elapsed. "In the reign of Artachshasta king of Persia, went up Ezra," etc. The verb of the subject עזרא does not follow till Ezr 7:6, where, after the interposition of the long genealogy, Ezr 7:1-5, the distant subject is again taken up in עזרא הוּא. It is all but universally agreed that Artaxerxes Longimanus is intended by ארתּחשׁסתּא; the explanation of this appellation as Xerxes in Joseph. Antiq. xi. 5. 1, for which Fritzsche (on 1 Esdr. 8:1) has recently decided, being a mere conjecture on the part of that not very critical historian. The fact that the Artachshasta of the book of Nehemiah (Neh 1:1; Neh 5:14; Neh 13:6) can be no other than Artaxerxes, is decisive of this point: for in Neh 13:6 the thirty-second year of Artachshasta is mentioned; while according to Neh 8:9; Neh 12:26, Neh 12:36, Ezra and Nehemiah jointly exercised their respective offices at Jerusalem. (Note: Very superficial are the arguments, and indeed the whole pamphlet, Etude Chronologique des livres d'Esdras et de Nhmie, Paris 1868, p. 40, etc., by which F. de Saulcy tries to show that the Artachsha…
Quelle öffnen ↗Here is, I. Ezra's pedigree. He was one of the sons of Aaron, a priest. Him God chose to be an instrument of good to Israel, that he might put honour upon the priesthood, the glory of which had been much eclipsed by the captivity. He is said to be the son of Seraiah, that Seraiah, as is supposed, whom the king of Babylon put to death when he sacked Jerusalem, Kg2 25:18, Kg2 25:21. If we take the shortest computation, it was seventy-five years since Seraiah died; many reckon it much longer, and, because they suppose Ezra called out in the prime of his time to public service, do therefore think that Seraiah was not his immediate parent, but his grandfather or great-grandfather, but that he was the first eminent person that occurred in his genealogy upwards, which is carried up here as high as Aaron, yet leaving out many for brevity-sake, which may be supplied from Ch1 6:4, etc. He was a younger brother, or his father was Jozadak, the father of Jeshua, so that he was not high priest, but nearly allied to the high priest. II. His character. Though of the younger house, his personal qualifications made him very eminent. 1. He was a man of great learning, a scribe, a ready scribe, in the law of Moses, Ezr 7:6. He was very much conversant with the scriptures, especially the writings of Moses, had the words ready and was well acquainted with the sense and meaning of them. It is to be feared that learning ran low among the Jews in Babylon; but Ezra was instrumental to revive it. The Jews say that he collected and collated all the copies of the law he could find out, and published an accurate edition of it, with all the prophetical books, historical and poetical, that were given by divine inspiration, and so made up the canon of the Old Testament, with the addition of the prophec…
Quelle öffnen ↗7:1-5 Ezra highlights his standing by listing his own genealogy through Zadok, priest under Solomon (1 Kgs 2:35), all the way back to Aaron the high priest, Moses’ brother. This list is clearly abbreviated: It has only sixteen generations from Aaron to eighty years after the Exile, while 1 Chr 6:3-15 has twenty-three generations from Aaron to the Exile. 7:1 Many years later: Ezra arrived in Jerusalem in 458 BC (7:7-8), about fifty-seven years after the dedication of the second Temple. Ezra has been recording events that occurred before his time, but now he begins to record his own history. • son: In biblical genealogies, the Hebrew word translated son often means descendant. • Seraiah was high priest under Zedekiah; he was executed by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC (2 Kgs 25:18-21).
Quelle öffnen ↗Ursprache
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אַחַר (ʼachar, H310) — properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various… דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause מַלְכוּת (malkûwth, H4438) — a rule; concretely, a dominion אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא (ʼArtachshashtâʼ, H783) — Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king פָּרַס (Pâraç, H6539) — Paras (i.e. Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants עֶזְרָא (ʻEzrâʼ, H5830) — Ezra, an Israelite בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… שְׂרָיָה (Sᵉrâyâh, H8304) — Serajah, the name of nine Israelites עֲזַרְיָה (ʻĂzaryâh, H5838) — Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites חִלְקִיָּה (Chilqîyâh, H2518) — Chilhijah, the name of eight Israelites
Quelle öffnen ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… שַׁלּוּם (Shallûwm, H7967) — Shallum, the name of fourteen Israelites צָדוֹק (Tsâdôwq, H6659) — Tsadok, the name of eight or nine Israelites אֲחִיטוּב (ʼĂchîyṭûwb, H285) — Achitub, the name of several priests
Quelle öffnen ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… אֲמַרְיָה (ʼĂmaryâh, H568) — Amarjah, the name of nine Israelites עֲזַרְיָה (ʻĂzaryâh, H5838) — Azarjah, the name of nineteen Israelites מְרָיוֹת (Mᵉrâyôwth, H4812) — Merajoth, the name of two Israelites
Quelle öffnen ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… זְרַחְיָה (Zᵉrachyâh, H2228) — Zerachjah, the name of two Israelites עֻזִּי (ʻUzzîy, H5813) — Uzzi, the name of six Israelites בֻּקִּי (Buqqîy, H1231) — Bukki, the name of two Israelites
Quelle öffnen ↗בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… אֲבִישׁוּעַ (ʼĂbîyshûwaʻ, H50) — Abishua, the name of two Israelites פִּינְחָס (Pîynᵉchâç, H6372) — Pinechas, the name of three Israelites אֶלְעָזָר (ʼElʻâzâr, H499) — Elazar, the name of seven Israelites אַהֲרוֹן (ʼAhărôwn, H175) — Aharon, the brother of Moses רֹאשׁ (rôʼsh, H7218) — the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of… כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a…
Quelle öffnen ↗עֶזְרָא (ʻEzrâʼ, H5830) — Ezra, an Israelite עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire מָהִיר (mâhîyr, H4106) — quick; hence, skilful סָפַר (çâphar, H5608) — properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe,… תּוֹרָה (tôwrâh, H8451) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch מֹשֶׁה (Môsheh, H4872) — Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king בַּקָּשָׁה (baqqâshâh, H1246) — a petition יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
Quelle öffnen ↗עָלָה (ʻâlâh, H5927) — to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of… בֵּן (bên, H1121) — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… לֵוִיִּי (Lêvîyîy, H3881) — a Levite or descendant of Levi שִׁיר (shîyr, H7891) — to sing שׁוֹעֵר (shôwʻêr, H7778) — a janitor נָתִין (Nâthîyn, H5411) — the Nethinim, or Temple-servants (as given to that duty) יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine שֶׁבַע (shebaʻ, H7651) — seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא (ʼArtachshashtâʼ, H783) — Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king
Quelle öffnen ↗בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine חֲמִישִׁי (chămîyshîy, H2549) — fifth; also a fifth חֹדֶשׁ (chôdesh, H2320) — the new moon; by implication, a month שְׁבִיעִי (shᵉbîyʻîy, H7637) — seventh שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) — a year (as a revolution of time) מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king
Quelle öffnen ↗אֶחָד (ʼechâd, H259) — properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first רִאשׁוֹן (riʼshôwn, H7223) — first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun) חֹדֶשׁ (chôdesh, H2320) — the new moon; by implication, a month יְסֻד (yᵉçud, H3246) — a foundation (figuratively, i.e. beginning) מַעֲלָה (maʻălâh, H4609) — elevation, i.e. the act (literally, a journey to a higher place, figuratively, a thought… בָּבֶל (Bâbel, H894) — Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire חֲמִישִׁי (chămîyshîy, H2549) — fifth; also a fifth בּוֹא (bôwʼ, H935) — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם (Yᵉrûwshâlaim, H3389) — Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine טוֹב (ṭôwb, H2896) — good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the… יָד (yâd, H3027) — a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.), אֱלֹהִים (ʼĕlôhîym, H430) — gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with…
Quelle öffnen ↗עֶזְרָא (ʻEzrâʼ, H5830) — Ezra, an Israelite כּוּן (kûwn, H3559) — properly, to be erect (i.e. stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a… לֵבָב (lêbâb, H3824) — the heart (as the most interior organ); דָּרַשׁ (dârash, H1875) — properly, to tread or frequent; usually to follow (for pursuit or search); by… תּוֹרָה (tôwrâh, H8451) — a precept or statute, especially the Decalogue or Pentateuch יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God עָשָׂה (ʻâsâh, H6213) — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application לָמַד (lâmad, H3925) — properly, to goad, i.e. (by implication) to teach (the rod being an Oriental incentive) יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity חֹק (chôq, H2706) — an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage) מִשְׁפָּט (mishpâṭ, H4941) — properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a…
Quelle öffnen ↗פַּרְשֶׁגֶן (parshegen, H6572) — a transcript נִשְׁתְּוָן (nishtᵉvân, H5406) — an epistle מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4428) — a king אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא (ʼArtachshashtâʼ, H783) — Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings נָתַן (nâthan, H5414) — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.) עֶזְרָא (ʻEzrâʼ, H5830) — Ezra, an Israelite כֹּהֵן (kôhên, H3548) — literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a… סָפַר (çâphar, H5608) — properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe,… דָּבָר (dâbâr, H1697) — a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause מִצְוָה (mitsvâh, H4687) — a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the Law) יְהֹוָה (Yᵉhôvâh, H3068) — Jehovah, Jewish national name of God חֹק (chôq, H2706) — an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage) יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3478) — Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Quelle öffnen ↗אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא (ʼArtachshashtâʼ, H783) — Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king עֶזְרָא (ʻEzrâʼ, H5831) — Ezra, an Israelite כָּהֵן (kâhên, H3549) — {one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)} סָפֵר (çâphêr, H5613) — a scribe (secular or sacred) דָּת (dâth, H1882) — {a royal edict or statute} אֱלָהּ (ʼĕlâhh, H426) — God שָׁמַיִן (shâmayin, H8065) — {the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds… גְּמַר (gᵉmar, H1585) — {to end (in the sense of completion or failure)} כְּעֶנֶת (kᵉʻeneth, H3706) — thus (only in the formula 'and so forth')
Quelle öffnen ↗מִן (min, H4481) — {properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of} שׂוּם (sûwm, H7761) — {to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and… טְעֵם (ṭᵉʻêm, H2942) — properly, flavor; figuratively, judgment (both subjective and objective); hence, account… כֹּל (kôl, H3606) — {properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a… עַם (ʻam, H5972) — {a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence… יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrâʼêl, H3479) — {Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity} כָּהֵן (kâhên, H3549) — {one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)} לֵוִי (Lêvîy, H3879) — {something attached, i.e. a wreath} מַלְכוּ (malkûw, H4437) — dominion (abstractly or concretely) נְדַב (nᵉdab, H5069) — be (or give) liberal(-ly) הוּךְ (hûwk, H1946) — to go; causatively, to bring יְרוּשָׁלֵם (Yᵉrûwshâlêm, H3390) — {Jerusalem} עִם (ʻim, H5974) — {adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications;…
Quelle öffnen ↗דִּי (dîy, H1768) — that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial… קְבֵל (qᵉbêl, H6903) — (adverbially) in front of; usually (with other particles) on account of, so as, since,… כֹּל (kôl, H3606) — {properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a… שְׁלַח (shᵉlach, H7972) — {to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)} מִן (min, H4481) — {properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of} קֳדָם (qŏdâm, H6925) — before מֶלֶךְ (melek, H4430) — a king שִׁבְעָה (shibʻâh, H7655) — {seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week;… יְעַט (yᵉʻaṭ, H3272) — to counsel; reflexively, to consult בְּקַר (bᵉqar, H1240) — {properly, to plough, or (generally) break forth, i.e. (figuratively) to inspect, admire,… עַל (ʻal, H5922) — {above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect)… יְהוּד (Yᵉhûwd, H3061) — properly, Judah, hence, Judaea יְרוּשָׁלֵם (Yᵉrûwshâlêm, H3390) — {Jerusalem} דָּת (dâth, H1882) — {a royal edict or statute}
Quelle öffnen ↗Querverweise
Andere Stellen, die die Gemeinschaft am häufigsten mit dieser verbindet. Zum Lesen antippen.
Es geschah aber im Monat Nisan, im zwanzigsten Jahre des Königs Artasasta, als Wein vor ihm stand, nahm ich den Wein und gab ihn dem Könige. Ich war aber zuvor nie traurig vor ihm gewesen.
Gehe hinauf zu Hilkia, dem Hohenpriester, er soll das Geld auszahlen, das zum Hause des HERRN gebracht worden ist, welches die Schwellenhüter vom Volk gesammelt haben,
Und ich, König Artasasta, habe allen Schatzmeistern jenseits des Stromes befohlen, daß, was Esra, der Priester und Schriftgelehrte im Gesetze des Gottes des Himmels, von euch fordern wird, pünktlich gegeben werden soll,
»Artasasta, der König der Könige, an Esra, den Priester, den Schriftgelehrten im Gesetze des Gottes des Himmels, ausgefertigt und so weiter.
Und die Ältesten der Juden bauten weiter, und es gelang ihnen durch die Weissagung der Propheten Haggai und Sacharja, des Sohnes Iddos. Also bauten sie und vollendeten es nach dem Befehl des Gottes Israels und nach dem Befehl des Kores und Darius und Artasastas, der Könige von Persien.
Seraja, der Sohn Hilkijas, des Sohnes Mesullams, des Sohnes Zadoks, des Sohnes Merajots, des Sohnes Achitubs, der war der Fürst im Hause Gottes.
Denn Esra hatte sein Herz darauf gerichtet, das Gesetz des HERRN zu erforschen und zu tun und in Israel Gesetz und Recht zu lehren.
Und der Oberste der Leibwache nahm Seraja, den Hauptpriester, und Zephanja, den zweiten Priester, und die drei Schwellenhüter;
Und sie kamen zu dem Hohenpriester Hilkia und übergaben das Geld, das zum Hause des HERRN gebracht ward, welches die Leviten, die an der Schwelle hüteten, von Manasse, Ephraim und von allen Übriggebliebenen in Israel und von ganz Juda und Benjamin und von den Einwohnern Jerusalems gesammelt hatten.
Da sprach Hilkia, der Hohepriester, zu Saphan, dem Schreiber: Ich habe das Gesetzbuch im Hause des HERRN gefunden! Und Hilkia übergab Saphan das Buch, und er las es.