بطرس الثانية ٢:١٠

chiefly--They especially will be punished (Jde 1:8). after--following after. lust of uncleanness--defilement: "hankering after polluting and unlawful use of the flesh" [ALFORD]. government--Greek, "lordship," "dominion" (Jde 1:8). Presumptuous--Greek, "Darers." Self-will begets presumption. Presumptuously daring. are not afraid--though they are so insignificant in might; Greek, "tremble not" (Jde 1:8, end). speak evil of--Greek, "blaspheme." dignities--Greek, "glories."

The apostle's design being to warn us of, and arm us against, seducers, he now returns to discourse more particularly of them, and give us an account of their character and conduct, which abundantly justifies the righteous Judge of the world in reserving them in an especial manner for the most severe and heavy doom, as Cain is taken under special protection that he might be kept for uncommon vengeance. But why will God thus deal with these false teachers? This he shows in what follows. I. These walk after the flesh; they follow the devices and desires of their own hearts, they give up themselves to the conduct of their own fleshly mind, refusing to make their reason stoop to divine revelation, and to bring every thought to the obedience of Christ; they, in their lives, act directly contrary to God's righteous precepts, and comply with the demands of corrupt nature. Evil opinions are often accompanied with evil practices; and those who are for propagating error are for improving in wickedness. They will not sit down contented in the measure of iniquity to which they have attained, nor is it enough for them to stand up, and maintain, and defend, what wickedness they have already committed, but they walk after the flesh, they go on in their sinful course, and increase unto more ungodliness and greater degrees of impurity and uncleanness too; they also pour contempt on those whom God has set in authority over them and requires them to honour. These therefore despise the ordinance of God, and we need not wonder at it, for they are bold and daring, obstinate and refractory, and will not only cherish contempt in their hearts, but with their tongues will utter slanderous and reproachful words of those who are set over them. II. This he aggravates, by setting forth the very diff…

2:10a twisted sexual desire: The reference is to illicit sexual desire generally and possibly to homosexuality in particular (cp. reference to Sodom and Gomorrah, 2:6). • The false teachers were so arrogant that they refused to listen to any authority but their own. 2:10b-16 This profile of the false teachers focuses more on how they were living than on what they were teaching. 2:10b supernatural beings: Probably evil angels, in contrast to the angels of 2:11. It is wrong to scoff even at evil angels, because they bear the mark of their glorious origin—they have real power and pose a real threat to humans.