يعقوب ٤:٤
تأمّل عميق بلغةٍ واضحة على هذه الآية. اقرأ الأصحاح
أَيُّهَا الزُّنَاةُ وَالزَّوَانِي، أَمَا تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ مَحَبَّةَ الْعَالَمِ عَدَاوَةٌ ِللهِ؟ فَمَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُحِبًّا لِلْعَالَمِ، فَقَدْ صَارَ عَدُوًّا ِللهِ.
التفاسير
مقتطفات جُمعت من تفاسير منشورة لترسيخ القراءة.
The oldest manuscripts omit "adulterers and," and read simply, "Ye adulteresses." God is the rightful husband; the men of the world are regarded collectively as one adulteress, and individually as adulteresses. the world--in so far as the men of it and their motives and acts are aliens to God, for example, its selfish "lusts" (Jam 4:3), and covetous and ambitious "wars and fightings" (Jam 4:1). enmity--not merely "inimical"; a state of enmity, and that enmity itself. Compare Jo1 2:15, "love . . . the world . . . the love of the Father." whosoever . . . will be--The Greek is emphatic, "shall be resolved to be." Whether he succeed or not, if his wish be to be the friend of the world, he renders himself, becomes (so the Greek for "is") by the very fact, "the enemy of God." Contrast "Abraham the friend of God."
افتح المصدر ↗In this chapter we are directed to consider, I. Some causes of contention, besides those mentioned in the foregoing chapter, and to watch against them (Jam 4:1-5). II. We are taught to abandon the friendship of this world, so as to submit and subject ourselves entirely to God (Jam 4:4-10). III. All detraction and rash judgment of others are to be carefully avoided (Jam 4:11, Jam 4:12). IV. We must preserve a constant regard, and pay the utmost deference to the disposals of divine Providence (Jam 4:13 to the end).
افتح المصدر ↗4:4-10 James explains the causes of conflict: love for the world, divided loyalty, and arrogant criticism (4:11-12). He gives exhortations which will rectify these causes and lead to peace. 4:4 You adulterers: James uses this prophetic imagery (see, e.g., Jer 3:6; Hos 3:1) because his readers were seeking what friendship with the world could give them—social acceptance (Jas 2:1-4), prestige (3:1), or wealth (4:13). Divided loyalty toward God (4:8) is like adultery against one’s spouse. • In the ancient world, friend was used as a title for special and exclusive relationships (Luke 23:12, Herod and Pilate; John 19:12, Pilate as “friend of Caesar”; see also 1 Maccabees 2:18; 6:28). Both Moses (Exod 33:11) and Abraham were called friends of God (Jas 2:23; 2 Chr 20:7; Isa 41:8; cp. John 15:15). • The world consists of society that is opposed to God and his kingdom. The world is guided by earthly wisdom, not heavenly (Jas 3:15-17), and is characterized by evil desires, fighting, and killing (4:2-3).
افتح المصدر ↗الشواهد المتقابلة
مقاطع أخرى يربطها المجتمع بهذا المقطع أكثر من غيرها. انقر لتقرأها.
لأَنَّ اهْتِمَامَ الْجَسَدِ هُوَ عَدَاوَةٌ ِللهِ، إِذْ لَيْسَ هُوَ خَاضِعًا لِنَامُوسِ اللهِ، لأَنَّهُ أَيْضًا لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُ.
لَوْ كُنْتُمْ مِنَ الْعَالَمِ لَكَانَ الْعَالَمُ يُحِبُّ خَاصَّتَهُ. وَلكِنْ لأَنَّكُمْ لَسْتُمْ مِنَ الْعَالَمِ، بَلْ أَنَا اخْتَرْتُكُمْ مِنَ الْعَالَمِ، لِذلِكَ يُبْغِضُكُمُ الْعَالَمُ.
«لاَ يَقْدِرُ أَحَدٌ أَنْ يَخْدِمَ سَيِّدَيْنِ، لأَنَّهُ إِمَّا أَنْ يُبْغِضَ الْوَاحِدَ وَيُحِبَّ الآخَرَ، أَوْ يُلاَزِمَ الْوَاحِدَ وَيَحْتَقِرَ الآخَرَ. لاَ تَقْدِرُونَ أَنْ تَخْدِمُوا اللهَ وَالْمَالَ.
أَفَأَسْتَعْطِفُ الآنَ النَّاسَ أَمِ اللهَ؟ أَمْ أَطْلُبُ أَنْ أُرْضِيَ النَّاسَ؟ فَلَوْ كُنْتُ بَعْدُ أُرْضِي النَّاسَ، لَمْ أَكُنْ عَبْدًا لِلْمَسِيحِ.
أَنَا قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ كَلاَمَكَ، وَالْعَالَمُ أَبْغَضَهُمْ لأَنَّهُمْ لَيْسُوا مِنَ الْعَالَمِ، كَمَا أَنِّي أَنَا لَسْتُ مِنَ الْعَالَمِ،
اَلدِّيَانَةُ الطَّاهِرَةُ النَّقِيَّةُ عِنْدَ اللهِ الآبِ هِيَ هذِهِ: افْتِقَادُ الْيَتَامَى وَالأَرَامِلِ فِي ضِيقَتِهِمْ، وَحِفْظُ الإِنْسَانِ نَفْسَهُ بِلاَ دَنَسٍ مِنَ الْعَالَمِ.
لأَنَّهُ إِنْ كُنَّا وَنَحْنُ أَعْدَاءٌ قَدْ صُولِحْنَا مَعَ اللهِ بِمَوْتِ ابْنِهِ، فَبِالأَوْلَى كَثِيرًا وَنَحْنُ مُصَالَحُونَ نَخْلُصُ بِحَيَاتِهِ!
وَقَالَ الرَّبُّ لِي: «اذْهَبْ أَيْضًا أَحْبِبِ امْرَأَةً حَبِيبَةَ صَاحِبٍ وَزَانِيَةً، كَمَحَبَّةِ الرَّبِّ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَهُمْ مُلْتَفِتُونَ إِلَى آلِهَةٍ أُخْرَى وَمُحِبُّونَ لأَقْرَاصِ الزَّبِيبِ».
جِيلٌ شِرِّيرٌ فَاسِقٌ يَلْتَمِسُ آيَةً، وَلاَ تُعْطَى لَهُ آيَةٌ إِلاَّ آيَةَ يُونَانَ النَّبِيِّ». ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُمْ وَمَضَى.
لاَ يَقْدِرُ الْعَالَمُ أَنْ يُبْغِضَكُمْ، وَلكِنَّهُ يُبْغِضُنِي أَنَا، لأَنِّي أَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ أَعْمَالَهُ شِرِّيرَةٌ.