أستير ٨:٩
تأمّل عميق بلغةٍ واضحة على هذه الآية. اقرأ الأصحاح
فَدُعِيَ كُتَّابُ الْمَلِكِ فِي ذلِكَ الْوَقْتِ فِي الشَّهْرِ الثَّالِثِ، أَيْ شَهْرِ سِيوَانَ، فِي الثَّالِثِ وَالْعِشْرِينَ مِنْهُ، وَكُتِبَ حَسَبَ كُلِّ مَا أَمَرَ بِهِ مُرْدَخَايُ إِلَى الْيَهُودِ وَإِلَى الْمَرَازِبَةِ وَالْوُلاَةِ وَرُؤَسَاءِ الْبُلْدَانِ الَّتِي مِنَ الْهِنْدِ إِلَى كُوشَ، مِئَةٍ وَسَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ كُورَةً، إِلَى كُلِّ كُورَةٍ بِكِتَابَتِهَا وَكُلِّ شَعْبٍ بِلِسَانِهِ، وَإِلَى الْيَهُودِ بِكِتَابَتِهِمْ وَلِسَانِهِمْ.
التفاسير
مقتطفات جُمعت من تفاسير منشورة لترسيخ القراءة.
These letters were prepared in the same manner as those of Haman (Est 3:12-15), on the 23rd day of the third month, the month Sivan, and sent into all the provinces. "And it was written according to all that Mordochai commanded." They were sent to the Jews and to the satraps, etc., of the whole wide realm from India to Ethiopia (see Est 1:1), while those of Haman had been issued only to the satraps, etc. The rest coincides with Est 3:12. ויּכתּב, and he (Mordochai) wrote. To show the speed with which the letters were despatched, (messengers) "on horseback, on coursers, government coursers, the sons of the stud," is added to הרצים בּיד. רכשׁ is a collective, meaning swift horses, coursers; comp. Kg1 5:8. אחשׁתּרנים (Est 8:11 and Est 8:14) answers to the Old-Persian kschatrana, from kschatra, government, king, and means government, royal, or court studs. So Haug in Ewald's bibl. Jahrb. v. p. 154. The older explanation, mules, on the other hand, is founded on the modern Persian estar, which, to judge from the Sanscrit avatara, must in ancient Persian have been apatara. רמּכים, ἁπ. λεγ. from רמּך, answering to the Syriac remakaa', herd, especially a herd of horses, and to the Arabic ramaka, stud, is explained by Bertheau as a superlative form for the animal who excels the rest of the herd of stud in activity, perhaps the breeding stallion, while others understand it of the stud in general. The contents of the edict follow in Est 8:11 and Est 8:12 : "that the king allows the Jews in every city to assemble and to stand for their life (i.e., to fight for their lives, comp. Dan 12:1), to destroy, to slay, and to cause to perish all the power (חיל, military power) of the people and province that should assault them, children and women, and to plunder their property, upon a cert…
افتح المصدر ↗We left the plotter hanging, and are now to see what becomes of his plot. I. His plot was to raise an estate for himself; and all his estate, being confiscated for treason, is given to Esther and Mordecai (Est 8:1, Est 8:2). II. His plot was to ruin the Jews; and as to that, 1. Esther earnestly intercedes for the reversing of the edict against them (Est 8:3-6). 2. It is in effect done by another edict, here published, empowering the Jews to stand up in their own defence against their enemies (Est 8:7-14). III. This occasions great joy to the Jews and all their friends (Est 8:15-17).
افتح المصدر ↗8:9 on June 25: The details of writing and sending the new decree purposely match the account of sending out the original decree in 3:12.
افتح المصدر ↗الشواهد المتقابلة
مقاطع أخرى يربطها المجتمع بهذا المقطع أكثر من غيرها. انقر لتقرأها.
وَأَرْسَلَ كُتُبًا إِلَى كُلِّ بُلْدَانِ الْمَلِكِ، إِلَى كُلِّ بِلاَدٍ حَسَبَ كِتَابَتِهَا، وَإِلَى كُلِّ شَعْبٍ حَسَبَ لِسَانِهِ، لِيَكُونَ كُلُّ رَجُل مُتَسَلِّطًا فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَيُتَكَلَّمَ بِذلِكَ بِلِسَانِ شَعْبِهِ.
وَحَدَثَ فِي أَيَّامِ أَحَشْوِيرُوشَ، هُوَ أَحَشْوِيرُوشُ الَّذِي مَلَكَ مِنَ الْهِنْدِ إِلَى كُوشٍ عَلَى مِئَةٍ وَسَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ كُورَةً،
فَقَالَ أَلِيَاقِيمُ بْنُ حِلْقِيَّا وَشِبْنَةُ وَيُواخُ لِرَبْشَاقَى: «كَلِّمْ عَبِيدَكَ بِالأَرَامِيِّ لأَنَّنَا نَفْهَمُهُ، وَلاَ تُكَلِّمْنَا بِالْيَهُودِيِّ فِي مَسَامِعِ الشَّعْبِ الَّذِينَ عَلَى السُّورِ».
مِنْ نَبُوخَذْنَصَّرَ الْمَلِكِ إِلَى كُلِّ الشُّعُوبِ وَالأُمَمِ وَالأَلْسِنَةِ السَّاكِنِينَ فِي الأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا: لِيَكْثُرْ سَلاَمُكُمْ.
حَسُنَ عِنْدَ دَارِيُّوسَ أَنْ يُوَلِّيَ عَلَى الْمَمْلَكَةِ مِئَةً وَعِشْرِينَ مَرْزُبَانًا يَكُونُونَ عَلَى الْمَمْلَكَةِ كُلِّهَا.